Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
J Arak Uni Med Sci 2026, 28(6): 440-449 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Soltani M, Shojafar E, Ghafarizadeh A A, Moslemi A, Baazm M. The Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Parameters of Frozen‐Thawed Sperm in Asthentertospermia. J Arak Uni Med Sci 2026; 28 (6) :440-449
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-7932-en.html
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-7932-en.html
1- MSc, Students Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2- PhD, Rastak Infertility Treatment Center, Sina Hospital, Arak, Iran
3- PhD, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
4- PhD, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, AND, PhD, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran ,maryam.baazm@gmail.com
2- PhD, Rastak Infertility Treatment Center, Sina Hospital, Arak, Iran
3- PhD, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
4- PhD, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, AND, PhD, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran ,
Abstract: (438 Views)
Introduction: Sperm cryopreservation is a crucial method for preserving fertility in patients with asthenoteratozoospermia. However, this process can lead to a reduction in sperm parameters due to the production of free radicals and damage to the cell membrane. Various substances are added to the cryopreservation medium to prevent cellular damage. In this study, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which contains growth factors and bioactive molecules, was used to improve sperm parameters after freezing.
Methods: Semen samples were collected from 20 men diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia. The samples were randomly divided into five groups: control (no PRP), PRP50, PRP100, PRP200, and PRP400. Homologous PRP was prepared and added to the respective groups. The sperm samples were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Twenty days after freezing, samples were thawed and subjected to a comprehensive evaluation of viability, motility, morphology, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and DNA fragmentation using specific assay kits. The findings were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: The results of this study demonstrated that cryopreservation led to a significant decrease in all sperm parameters in the control group. The addition of PRP at concentrations of 50 and 400 among the concentrations used resulted in a significant increase in total motility, progressive and non-progressive motility, sperm viability, and a decrease in immotile sperm, DNA fragmentation, and MDA levels compared to the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Cryopreservation and subsequent thawing can have detrimental effects on the biological properties of sperm samples. Therefore, the dose-dependent addition of platelet-rich plasma as a cryoprotectant may offer a promising approach to mitigate the negative impacts of freezing on samples from men with asthenoteratozoospermia.
Methods: Semen samples were collected from 20 men diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia. The samples were randomly divided into five groups: control (no PRP), PRP50, PRP100, PRP200, and PRP400. Homologous PRP was prepared and added to the respective groups. The sperm samples were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Twenty days after freezing, samples were thawed and subjected to a comprehensive evaluation of viability, motility, morphology, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and DNA fragmentation using specific assay kits. The findings were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: The results of this study demonstrated that cryopreservation led to a significant decrease in all sperm parameters in the control group. The addition of PRP at concentrations of 50 and 400 among the concentrations used resulted in a significant increase in total motility, progressive and non-progressive motility, sperm viability, and a decrease in immotile sperm, DNA fragmentation, and MDA levels compared to the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Cryopreservation and subsequent thawing can have detrimental effects on the biological properties of sperm samples. Therefore, the dose-dependent addition of platelet-rich plasma as a cryoprotectant may offer a promising approach to mitigate the negative impacts of freezing on samples from men with asthenoteratozoospermia.
Type of Study: Original Atricle |
Subject:
Basic Sciences
Received: 2025/01/13 | Accepted: 2025/04/9
Received: 2025/01/13 | Accepted: 2025/04/9
References
1. Gandini L, Lombardo F, Lenzi A, Spanò M, Dondero F. Cryopreservation and sperm DNA integrity. Cell Tissue Bank. 2006;7(2):91-8. pmid: 16732411 doi: 10.1007/s10561-005-0275-8
2. Hamilton J, Cissen M, Brandes M, Smeenk J, De Bruin J, Kremer J, et al. Total motile sperm count: a better indicator for the severity of male factor infertility than the WHO sperm classification system. Hum Reprod. 2015;30(5):1110-21. pmid: 25788568 doi: 10.1093/humrep/dev058
3. Di Santo M, Tarozzi N, Nadalini M, Borini AJAiu. Human sperm cryopreservation: update on techniques, effect on DNA integrity, and implications for ART. Adv Urol. 2012:2012:854837. pmid: 22194740 doi: 10.1155/2012/854837
4. Satorre M, Breininger E, Beconi M. Cryopreservation with α-tocopherol and Sephadex filtration improved the quality of boar sperm. Theriogenology. 2012;78(7):1548-56. pmid: 22925635 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.06.023
5. Boitrelle F, Albert M, Theillac C, Ferfouri F, Bergere M, Vialard F, et al. Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa decreases the number of motile normal spermatozoa, induces nuclear vacuolization and chromatin decondensation. J Androl. 2012;33(6):1371-8. pmid: 22700764 doi: 10.2164/jandrol.112.016980
6. Hezavehei M, Sharafi M, Kouchesfahani HM, Henkel R, Agarwal A, Esmaeili V, Shahverdi A. Sperm cryopreservation: A review on current molecular cryobiology and advanced approaches. Reprod Biomed Online. 2018;37(3):327-39. pmid: 30143329 doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.05.012
7. von Wolff M, Nawroth F. Fertility preservation in oncological and non-oncological diseases: a practical guide: Springer Nature; 2020.
8. Moghbeli M, Kohram H, Zare-Shahaneh A, Zhandi M, Sharideh H, Sharafi M. Effect of sperm concentration on characteristics and fertilization capacity of rooster sperm frozen in the presence of the antioxidants catalase and vitamin E. Theriogenology 2016;86(6):1393-8. pmid: 27444422 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.038
9. Almadaly EA, Ibrahim IM, Salama MS, Ashour MA, Sahwan FM, El-Kon II, et al. Effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on post-thaw quality, kinematics and in vivo fertility of fertile and subfertile buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. Vet Res Commun. 2023;47(1):61-72. pmid: 35451670 doi: 10.1007/s11259-022-09928-1
10. Chicharro-Alcántara D, Rubio-Zaragoza M, Damiá-Giménez E, Carrillo-Poveda JM, Cuervo-Serrato B, Peláez-Gorrea P, Sopena-Juncosa JJ. Platelet rich plasma: new insights for cutaneous wound healing management. J Funct Biomater. 2018;9(1):10. pmid: 29346333 doi: 10.3390/jfb9010010
11. Epifanova MV, Kostin AA, Chalyy ME, Gvasalia BR, Gameeva EV, Artemenko SA, Epifanov AA. Autologic platelet-rich plasma use in varicocelectomy. Genes & Cells. 2020;15(3):39-43. doi: 10.23868/202011005
12. Angellee J, Ginting CN, Chiuman L, Halim B. Role of platelet-rich plasma to sperm quality in male partners undergoing infertility treatment. IEEE International Conference on Health, Instrumentation & Measurement, and Natural Sciences (InHeNce); 2021: IEEE. doi: 10.1109/InHeNce52833.2021.9537240
13. Yan B, Zhang Y, Tian S, Hu R, Wu B. Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on human sperm quality during cryopreservation. Cryobiology .2021;98:12-6. doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.01.009
14. Saucedo L, Buffa GN, Rosso M, Guillardoy T, Gongora A, Munuce MJ, et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) in human sperm: expression, functionality and involvement in motility regulation. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0127297 pmid: 25970615 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127297
15. Cheraghi E, Sajadi SMS, Soleimani Mehranjani M. The effect of Quercetin on the quality of sperm parameters in frozen‐thawed semen of patients with Asthenospermia. Andrologia. 2021;53(9):e14167. pmid: 34219267 doi: 10.1111/and.14167
16. Nabavinia MS, Yari A, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Gholoobi A, Gholizadeh L, Nabi A, et al. Improvement of human sperm properties with platelet-rich plasma as a cryoprotectant supplement. Cell Tissue Bank. 2023;24(2):307-15. pmid: 36074213 doi: 10.1007/s10561-022-10032-6
17. Lorian K, Haghdani S, Vahidi S, Nabi A. Application of Autologous Platelet-rich Plasma Exerts Cryoprotective Effects on Biological Characteristics of Human Oligoasthenoteratospermia Samples after Freezing and Thawing Procedures. Urol J. 2024;21(5):340-7. pmid: 38733230 doi: 10.22037/uj.v21i.8013
18. Agha-Rahimi A, Khalili MA, Nabi A, Ashourzadeh S. Vitrification is not superior to rapid freezing of normozoospermic spermatozoa: effects on sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation and hyaluronan binding. Reprod Biomed Online. 2014;28(3):352-8. pmid: 24444814 doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.11.015
19. Organisation WH. WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction: Cambridge university Press; 1999.
20. Fernández JL, Muriel L, Goyanes V, Segrelles E, Gosálvez J, Enciso M, et al. Simple determination of human sperm DNA fragmentation with an improved sperm chromatin dispersion test. Fertil Steril. 2005;84(4):833-42. pmid: 16213830 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.11.089
21. Agarwal A, Prabakaran SA, Said TM. Prevention of oxidative stress injury to sperm. J Androl. 2005;26(6):654-60. pmid: 16291955 doi: 10.2164/jandrol.05016
22. Tremellen K. Oxidative stress and male infertility—a clinical perspective. Hum Reprod Update. 2008;14(3):243-58. pmid: 18281241 doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmn004
23. Fazli F, Torkashvand H, Soltanian AR, Babalhavaeji A, Olomi H, Pilehvari S. Effects of Testicular Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection on Sperm Parameters in Men with Severe Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A Clinical Trial Evaluation. Int J Fertil Steril. 2024;18(Suppl 1):71-76. PMID: 39033373 doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2024.2011066.1535
24. Salama MS, Shehabeldin AM, Ashour MA, Al-Ghadi MQ, Marghani BH, El-kon I, Shukry M. Effect of the addition of platelet-rich plasma to Boer Buck semen on sperm quality and antioxidant activity before and after cryopreservation and in vivo fertility. Small Ruminant Research. 2024;230: 107167. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107167
25. Iyibozkurt AC, Balcik P, Bulgurcuoglu S, Arslan BK, Attar R, Attar E. Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on sperm motility and survival. Reprod Biomed Online. 2009;19(6):784-8. pmid: 20031017 doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.09.019.
26. Tohidnezhad M, Wruck C-J, Slowik A, Kweider N, Beckmann R, Bayer A, et al. Role of platelet-released growth factors in detoxification of reactive oxygen species in osteoblasts. Bone. 2014:65:9-17. pmid: 24798492 doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.04.029.
27. Ghasemian Nafchi H, Azizi Y, Amjadi F, Halvaei I. In vitro effects of plasma rich in growth factors on human teratozoospermic semen samples. Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2023;69(4):255-63. pmid: 36919463 doi: 10.1080/19396368.2023.2180455
28. Almadaly EA, Mansour I, Sahwan F, M Shehabeldin A, El-Kon I, Sakr A, et al. Effect of Adding Autologous Platelet-rich Plasma to the Freezing Extender on the Post-thaw Quality and In vitro Fertility of Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Spermatozoa. ” Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science. 2024;56(3):617-26. doi:10.21608/EJVS.2024.254249.1712
29. Selvaraju S, Krishnan BB, Archana SS, Ravindra JP. IGF1 stabilizes sperm membrane proteins to reduce cryoinjury and maintain post-thaw sperm motility in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. Cryobiology. 2016;73(1):55-62. pmid: 27256665 doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.05.012
30. Jiménez-Trejo F, Tapia-Rodríguez M, Cerbon M, Kuhn DM, Manjarrez-Gutiérrez G, Mendoza-Rodríguez CA, Picazo O. Evidence of 5-HT components in human sperm: implications for protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the physiology of motility. Reproduction. 2012;144(6):677-85. pmid: 23028123 doi: 10.1530/REP-12-0145.
31. Sharkey DJ, Tremellen KP, Briggs NE, Dekker GA, Robertson SA. Seminal plasma transforming growth factor-β, activin A and follistatin fluctuate within men over time. Hum Reprod. 2016;31(10):2183-91. pmid: 27609985 doi: 10.1093/humrep/dew185
32. Hernández-Corredor L, León-Restrepo S, Bustamante-Cano J, Báez-Sandoval G, Jaramillo X. Effect of the incorporation of plasma rich of platelets on the spermatozoa physiology of ram semen. J Dairy Vet Anim Res. 2020;9(1):34-8. doi: 10.15406/jdvar.2020.09.00275
33. Thomson LK, Fleming SD, Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN, Zieschang J-A, Clark AM. Cryopreservation-induced human sperm DNA damage is predominantly mediated by oxidative stress rather than apoptosis. Hum Reprod. 2009;24(9):2061-70. pmid: 19525298 doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep214
34. Bellezza I. Oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: Nrf2 as therapeutic target. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:1280. pmid: 30455645 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01280
35. Bader R, Ibrahim J, Moussa M, Mourad A, Azoury J, Azoury J, Alaaeddine NJA. In vitro effect of autologous platelet‐rich plasma on H2O2‐induced oxidative stress in human spermatozoa. Andrology. 2020;8(1):191-200. pmid: 31079423 doi: 10.1111/andr.12648
36. Brokhman I, Galea AM. A novel method for the preparation and frozen storage of growth factors and cytokines obtained from platelet-rich plasma. Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation. 2023;3(2):100089. doi:10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100089
37. Rogovskii V. Cancer and autoimmune diseases as two sides of chronic inflammation and the method of therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2024;24(11):1089-103. pmid: 38288812 doi: 10.2174/0115680096282480240105071638.
38. Martinez MS, Ferreyra FN, Paira DA, Rivero VE, Olmedo JJ, Tissera AD, et al. COVID-19 associates with semen inflammation and sperm quality impairment that reverses in the short term after disease recovery. Front Physiol. 2023:14:1220048. pmid: 37497433 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1220048
39. Fraczek M, Sanocka D, Kamieniczna M, Kurpisz M. Proinflammatory cytokines as an intermediate factor enhancing lipid sperm membrane peroxidation in in vitro conditions. J Androl. 2008;29(1):85-92. pmid: 17804865 doi: 10.2164/jandrol.107.003319
40. Yan R, Gu Y, Ran J, Hu Y, Zheng Z, Zeng M, et al. Intratendon delivery of leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma improves healing compared with leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma in a rabbit Achilles tendinopathy model. Am J Sports Med. 2017;45(8):1909-20. pmid: 28301205 doi: 10.1177/0363546517694357
41. Zhang B, Dong B, Wang L, Wang Y, Gao Z, Li Y, et al. Comparison of the efficacy of autologous Lp-PRP and Lr-PRP for treating intervertebral disc degeneration: in vitro and in vivo study. J Orthop Surg Res 2024;19(1):731. pmid: 39506797 doi: 10.1186/s13018-024-05196-8
42. Ali Al Ahmad M, Chatagnon G, Amirat‐Briand L, Moussa M, Tainturier D, Anton M, Fieni F. Use of glutamine and low density lipoproteins isolated from egg yolk to improve buck semen freezing. Reprod Domest Anim. 2008;43(4):429-36. pmid: 18179634 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00930.x
43. Khlifaoui M, Battut I, Bruyas JF, Chatagnon G, Trimeche A, Tainturier D. Effects of glutamine on post-thaw motility of stallion spermatozoa: an approach of the mechanism of action at spermatozoa level. Theriogenology 2005;63(1):138-49. pmid: 15589280 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.04.012
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
