Showing 13 results for Problem
Ali Akbar Rezaei-Ashtiani, Mohammad Ali Hadi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (7-2003)
Abstract
Introduction: In developing countries there are various researchable health subjects. However due to low budjet of research programmes in these countries, priority setting of research designs have a special importance.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, a questionnaire consisting of 100 questions was designed. 363 health personl and 302 non-health specialists participated in this study. Questionnaire was coded and analysed by EPI 6 software.
Results: Our results demonstrated that all of the cities of Markazi province had a similar problems, but the amount of people contributions in health activities has altered their health awareness. Furthermore, health problems in view of people and specialists is different. People stated health problems as a global difficulties while specialists had a detailed viewpoints.
Conclusion: This study showed that it is necessary to guide practical researches based on determined health priorities.
Dr Effat Sadeghin, Dr Ali Heidarian-Poor, Dr Farhang Abed,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (6-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Infertility is an emotional crisis with physical, economic and psychosocial challenges, because it interferes with all personal life aspects. This event is a sever tension of life and produces strong emotional shock in the infertile couple. This study is done with the aim of comparison the psychiatric problems of infertile men and women referring to infertility clinic of Hamadan Fatemyeh Hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study. Sample size was 400 infertile men and women which were selected by convenience sampling. Data was collected by a demographic questionnaire and SCL90, and analyzed through descriptive statistics and independent T test. Results: Our study indicates that infertile women experience mental problem significantly more than men. With p<0.05 infertile women in 9 categorize of SCL90 including depression, anxiety, phobia, psychosomatic, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, paranoid ideation and psychotics are significantly different from infertile men. Conclusion: It seems women experience more stress in personal, social and sexual life and women are more sensitive to infertility phenomena that probably is due to cultural problems, mental susceptibility and/or special forms of social communication
Suror Arman, Ghazal Zahed, Fereshte Shakibaii, Mehdi Bina, Raza Bagherian, Hamid Roohafza,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background: Marital conflicts have great impact on social, economic and cultural aspects of the couples and their children. New Psychological interventions like “Imago Relationship Therapy” (IRT) have been widely used for resolving these conflicts. This study examined the efficacy of couple dialogue technique on marital relationship and children`s behavior in Iranian society. Methods and Materials: In a Clinical Trial study eighty consecutive couples refered to general pediatric clinics due to their children’s diseases, randomly allocated to intervention group(couple dialogue technique) and control group (consult usual treatment method) in consultation center. They filled "Distance and Isolation Questionnaire" and "Gottmann Love and Respect Scale" at baseline, post treatment and three months after intervention as follow up all of them. General linear Model with Repeated Measurements was used to analyze the data. Results: In this study, scores of mutual love and respect in marital relationship (Gottmann scale) and scores in Flooding, Loneliness and Retreatment subscales of Distance and Isolation Questionnaire had a better condition in IRT group just after the trial (P<0.05) but after three months, the differences between two groups were only marginal significant (P<0.1). In Parallel lives` subscale, scores were decreased in two groups, but right after trial there was not significant scores of the groups did not difference between scores. Scores after three months in IRT group was significantly lower in compare to control group. Scores of CBCL have not statistically significant differences in both groups at any time (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study revealed couple dialogue technique was an effective intervention in solving marital conflicts in Iranian population but had not a significant effect on children’s behavioral profile. This may be due to other factors or insufficient duration of intervention and needs more investigation and needs more investigation.
Kobra Rahzani, Fariba Taleghani, Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi, Mahmoud Omrani Fard,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background: The face the main channel through which the individual communicates. It is the site of beauty and attractiveness. Physical attractiveness has stereotyping nature. Because the precise content of the stereotype depends on cultural values. The aim of this study was described the range of psychosocial issues burned disfigurement people that psychosocial support programmes may need to address after hospitaization. Methods and Materials: Part of data from a larger study grounded theory approach was reported by this Paper. In this qualitative study, individual in depths interview performed with 21 participants. Interviews were analyzed using a content analysis. Results: After data analyzed five axial category emerging from this qualitative study included social behaviors and beliefs (reproach, retirement, wrong thoughts and beliefs, stigmatize, pity) emotional problems (grief, shame, fear of expulsion, aversion, hopelessness) reactions assessment (positive assessment, Negative assessment) strategy (hidden, separation, self-presentation) and weariness. Conclusion: Findings indicated negative behaviors' and beliefs' of people cause emotional problems in disfigured people. Thise persons perform inappropriate strategy against behaviors' and beliefs' of people. Therefore This persons need to appropriate supportive programs for community, family and person instruction to knowledge, attitude and practice promotion.
Khadijeh Nasri, Manijeh Kahbazy, Afsaneh Noroozy, Shokoofeh Nasri,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (1-2010)
Abstract
Abstract Background: This study was done to asses the educational barriers and problems, and improves the problems from the medicine students’ viewpoint in Arak, 2006-07. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, a valid and reliable questionnaire concluding 71 questions about problems related to education, equipments, personnel, professors, motivation and evaluation methods was distributed among all interns (n=28) and externs (n=44). Results: Inappropriate duration of basic science education was 68%, too much general lesson was 86% did not provide a task description was 84.5% and lesson plan was 91.7% were considered at the start of course. Most of students were asked for learning clinical skill on mulage before practicum (84.5%) and internship (79.9%). Most of students believed that teaching pathology (86.1%) and pharmacology (97.3%) of each course may present by that course in clinic. Lake of sufficient diversity (71.8%), training equipment and inappropriate conference hall (54.9%) and library (76.1%) were considered. Inappropriate behavior 81.7% and corporation with students (58.6%) were reported. About professors, the mean was 16.8±5.1. The most of students worried about their unclear occupational future (87.1%) and 78.6% were believed that exams can not evaluate their knowledges. Conclusion: Asking for lesson plan present in start of course and clinical skills learning on the mulage before practicum and internship are including students demands that can easy to do. Umlaut of basic and clinical courses and teaching pathology and pharmacology courses in clinic can facilitate the basic and clinical courses learning.
Ashraf Allahyar, Ali Zeinali,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents. Due to its specific problems, it can sometimes lead to substance abuse in adolescents through reduced health and increased depression and stress. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of substance abuse with depression and stress in diabetic adolescents mediated by conflict resolution and problem solving skills.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive/correlational study. The study population consisted of all diabetic adolescent members of Urmia Diabetes Association and those referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital and diabetes specialists in Urmia city in Spring 2019. Of these, 206 were selected using a purposive sampling method. data collection tools were Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory - Adolescents Version (Miller & Lazowski, 2001), Beck’s Depression Inventory (Beck et al, 1988), The Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al, 1983), Problem Solving Inventory (Heppner & Petersen, 1982) and Conflict Resolution Style Inventory (Weeks, 1994). Collected data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling in SPSS and LISREL applications.
Ethical Considerations All ethical principles were considered in this study,.
Results: Depression and stress directly had a negative and significant effect on conflict resolution and problem solving skills, but had no significant effect on substance abuse. Conflict resolution and problem solving skills directly had a negative and significant effect on substance abuse. Moreover, depression and stress indirectly had a significant effect on substance abuse through medication by conflict resolution and problem solving skills (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Depression and stress can lead to increased substance abuse in diabetic adolescents by decreasing conflict resolution and problem solving skills. Therefore, in order to reduce substance abuse in these patients, it is recommended to hold training workshops to reduce their depression and stress and improve conflict resolution and problem solving skills.
Zeynab Beiranvand, Mahbobeh Sajadi, Majid Taheri, Soheila Shamsikhani,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Moral stress happens when a person makes a moral decision but cannot accomplish it, mainly due to internal and external organizational limitations. Problem-solving skills training as one of the principles of stress management may be effective in controlling nurses’ moral stress. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of problem-solving skills training on the moral stress of novice nurses.
Methods & Materials This study was a clinical trial performed on 70 novice nurses working in Shohaday Khorramabad Hospital, Khorramabad City, Iran. The samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into intervention (n=36) and control (n=35) groups. The study data were collected by demographic questionnaire and Corley’s moral distress scale. Before the intervention, participants of both groups completed those questionnaires. Then for the intervention group, a problem-solving skills workshop was held in six 2-hour sessions. After training, the Corley moral distress scale was completed again by participants of both groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired, and independent t tests in SPSS software v. 16.
Ethical Considerations This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ethical code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.449. Informed consent was taken from all participants, and they were assured of keeping their information confidential.
Results In this study, most participants were around 25 years old. Also, 98.5% had Bachler’s degrees, and 1.5% had Master’s degrees. The study results showed that the mean of moral distress in the intervention was significantly different from before the intervention (P<0.05).
Conclusion This study showed that applying problem-solving skills has a significant effect in decreasing the moral distress of novice nurses in the clinical setting.
Azam Nazemi-Harandi, Shadi Jazayeri, Haeideh Saberi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim In modern life, emotional and social problems have taken the highest rank among mental illnesses. The present study aimed to provide a causal model for predicting children’s psychosocial problems based on parenting styles with an emphasis on the mediating role of social support.
Methods & Materials The present research was a cross-sectional analytic study. The study population included parents of children (under 5 years old with behavioral-emotional problems) referred to the comprehensive health centers services in Pardis City, Iran, in 2020. Of whom, 230 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Measurement tools included parenting styles, social support, and socioemotional problems questionnaires. Structural equation modeling with SmartPLS software was used to analyze the data.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: 99527).
Results The Mean±SD age of mothers was 32.87±7.87 years. Also, 60% of children were boys, and 40% were girls, with an Mean±SD age of 4.12±0.78 years. The Mean±SD scores of socioemotional problems, parenting styles, and social support were found to be 40.16±4.73, 152.23±18.10, and 34.66±6.49, respectively. The results of structural equation modeling showed that parenting styles had a significant role in predicting children’s socioemotional problems through social support mediation (P<0.05). Also, the fitting branches of the model showed the proper fit of the model through the composite reliability and the Cronbach alpha calculation.
Conclusion The results of the present study emphasize the critical role of early childhood life and the need to focus on support facilities for mother-child couples at this age. Accordingly, providing psychological and supportive interventions for mothers with high stress can result in parental adjustment and mental health and, subsequently, the child’s normal development.
Azam Nazemi Harandi, Shadi Jazayeri, Haeideh Saberi,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Emotional/social problems in childhood are associated with delinquency in adolescence, violence in adulthood, and anxiety disorders. This study aims to investigate the role of parents’ stress and perceived social support in predicting children’s emotional/social problems.
Methods & Materials This is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population includes all parents and their children referred to health centers in Pardis, Tehran, Iran in 2020 who had children under 5 years of age. Of these, 230 parents were selected by a convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the Parental Stress index, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support and the child behaviour questionnaire-parent form. For data analysis, multiple regression analysis was used in SPSS software, version 25.
Results Among participants, 42.6% were employed and 57.4% were housekeeper. The mean age of participants was 28.42±12.5 years. The results showed that parents’ stress and perceived social support had a significant role in predicting children’s emotional/social problems such that they explained 44.7% and 8.9% of the variance in children’s emotional/social problems.
Conclusion Parents’ stress and support from friends can be effective in predicting emotional/social problems of their children.
Negar Tagipor, Ali Zeinali,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep quality is one of the effective variables in other psychological characteristics, especially in multiple sclerosis patients. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of determine the role of interpersonal problems and illness perception in predicting sleep quality with mediating distress tolerance in multiple sclerosis patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was all patients who were members of the Multiple Sclerosis Association of Urmia township in the first quarter of 2021 year. The sample size was estimated 315 people who were selected by available sampling method. The research data were collected by Barkham et all short version of interpersonal problems inventory (1996), Broadbent et all brief illness perception questionnaire (2006), Buysse et all Pittsburgh sleep quality index (1989) and Simons & Gaher distress tolerance scale (2005) and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and path analysis methods in SPSS-19 and PLS-3 software. This research with the IR.IAU.URMIA.REC.1400.022 ethics code is approved by the ethics committee in biomedical research of Islamic Azad University of Urmia branch.
Results: The results showed that the increase of interpersonal problems and negative perception of illness led to decrease the distress tolerance and loss of sleep quality and an increase of distress tolerance improved sleep quality. In addition, the decrease of interpersonal problems and negative perception of illness with mediating distress tolerance led to improved sleep quality (P<0.01).
Conclusions: According to the results, to improve the sleep quality of multiple sclerosis patients can be increased the rate of their interpersonal problems and illness perception and decreased their distress tolerance.
Dr Mehdi Zemestani, Mrs Azam Saidian,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Since dermatologic diseases are relatively high prevalent in the society and are associated with various psychological consequences, the present study was conducted to compare the difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological flexibility and quality of life in dermatologic patients with Lichen Simplex Chronicus and normal population.
Methods: The study design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all men and women with dermatologic diseases who referred to skin clinics in Tehran, Karaj and Qom cities. A convenience sampling method was employed to select 199 patients as the study sample. In addition, for the comparison group 200 normal individuals were selected from normal population. All participants assessed by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Short Form-36 Quality of Life (SF-36). Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of University of Kurdistan (Code: IR.UOK.REC.1401.015).
Results: Results showed that there was significant difference between two groups in terms of difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological flexibility and quality of life. The mean scores of difficulties in emotion regulation scale and psychological flexibility were higher in the patient group and lower in quality of life than the healthy group.
Conclusions: According to the present results, psychological factors of emotional dysregulation and psychological inflexibility may play a role in the persistence of skin problems of Lichen Simplex Chronicus. Since psychological underlying factors are often involved in the development and maintenance of dermatologic diseases, it is suggesting to use psychological interventions for these patients at the same time.
Fatemeh Khalili Alashti, Shahrbanoo Dehrouyeh, Naqmeh Tavakoli,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of problem solving training on life orientation, positive and negative emotions, and learned helplessness in incompatible couples in Qaemshahr city.
Materials and Methods: The method of the present research was an experiment and a quasi-experimental research design with a control group. The statistical population included all couples who referred to counseling centers in Qaemshahr city in 2023. 30 couples were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Then, the subjects of the experimental group received problem solving training during 8 sessions of 60 minutes. In order to collect data from life orientation questionnaires (Shier and Carver, 1994), positive and negative affect (Watson et al., 1988) and learned helplessness (Quinless and Nilsson, 1988) in two stages before and after training in both groups (experiment and control) were used.
Results: The findings from the analysis of covariance test showed that problem solving training improved optimism in life orientation, increased positive emotion, and reduced learned helplessness in the tested group (p=0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present research, in the field of therapy and counseling of incompatible couples, training in problem solving for the compatibility of couples and solving their conflicts; It looks very efficient and promising.
Masoumeh Fathi, Masoumeh Davoodabadi , Fereshteh Farzan Azar, Efat Noroozi, Dr Azam Moslemi,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (1-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Deep physical and psychological changes in pregnancy can affect women's sexual relations. This study aims to investigate the effect of psychological counseling on problem-solving skills on sexual dysfunction and satisfaction of pregnant women.
Methods: In a pre-test-post-test intervention study, 70 pregnant volunteers meeting the inclusion criteria, referring to health centers in Arak City, and with sexual function and sexual satisfaction questionnaire scores of less than 28 and 42, respectively, were randomly assigned to two intervention groups of 35 and a control group. The intervention group received six counseling sessions based on problem-solving, and both groups received routine care. Rosen's sexual performance questionnaire and Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire were answered by both groups before, immediately, and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was done using Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and Repeated measure tests.
Results: The repeated measure design test showed that immediately and one month after the intervention, the average sexual performance (26.82 ± 1.61 and 28.88 ± 1.1) and sexual satisfaction (39.22 ± 2.27 and 15.15) (43.19 ± 2) compared to the control group (23.69±1.97, 22.63±2.08) (36.23±2.44, 35.06±2.46) compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: This study showed that counseling based on problem-solving improves the performance and sexual satisfaction of pregnant women effectively and can be included in educational protocols during pregnancy to improve the quality of sexual life.
