Showing 23 results for Obesity
Abbas Saremi, Nader Shavandi, Neda Bayat,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Background: Physiological studies suggest that sleep deprivation may influence bodyweight through affecting appetite (decreasing leptin and increasing ghrelin). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic training on obesity indices, serum levels of ghrelin and leptin, and sleep quality in overweight and obese men.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 overweight and obese men with low sleep quality were randomly assigned to aerobic training (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. Aerobic training was performed (50-60 min/day, 3 day/week) for 12 weeks. Serum ghrelin and leptin and obesity and sleep quality indices were measured before and after the intervention. Changes in dependent variables resulting from the training intervention were assessed by dependant t-test using SPSS software.
Results: After aerobic training, weight (p<0.03), body mass index (p<0.04), visceral fat (p<0.04), total abdominal fat (p<0.03), and sleep quality (p<0.001) significantly improved. However, ghrelin and leptin serum levels did not change in response to aerobic training (p<0.05) during the same period.
Conclusion: Short-term aerobic training improved obesity indices and sleep quality in obese/overweight men, yet this improvement was not accompanied by changes in ghrelin and leptin serum levels.
Farzad Nazem, Mojtaba Izadi, Majid Jaliliu, Behzad Keshvarz,
Volume 15, Issue 9 (2-2013)
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have shown the relationship between incidence of asthma symptoms and environmental factors, such as sedentary lifestyle and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of exercise rehabilitation protocols on lung function in obese adult patients with chronic asthma is a controversial issue. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of aerobic exercise on lung function in obese middle-aged men with chronic asthma. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 39 obese middle-aged males with mild and moderate asthma. The experimental group (n=19) with regard to the safe range 15≥ RPE>9 followed the sub-maximal rehabilitation exercise program (50 to 80% HRmax intensity) for 3 months. Then, they underwent one month of detraining. The control group (n=20) did not have any form of aerobic exercise. Spirometric parameters in base, three months of training, and one month of detraining were measured by standard methods. Results: Indicators of lung function, including FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF%75, and MVV significantly decreased. The pattern of changes in FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and MVV remained stable even after a month of detraining (p<0.05). However, no significant changes occurred in the dependent variables of the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the incidence of physiological adaptations of aerobic exercise, as a non-pharmacologic clinical factor, after the one-month detraining period affected the spirometric parameters in obese asthmatic patients
Nahid Bijeh, Sadegh Abbasian,
Volume 16, Issue 7 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-1&beta (IL-1&beta) as a cytokine act in relationship to development of obesity and Insulin resistance. purpose of the study was compare the effects of Ramadan fasting (as dietary pattern) and aerobic exercise training on IL-1&beta and Insulin resistance in non-active obese subjects.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental research with repeated measures design. In this study, 18 obese male in Mashhad (between 40 to 50 years old and body mass index>30 Kg/m2) randomly was selected and after it was divided into fasting (N=9) and fasting and aerobic exercise training (N=9) groups. While the first group performed the fasting, then other group was performed aerobic exercise training for 27 sessions. They also performed the fasting. Finally, blood samples were taken for four different times.
Results: Statistic analysis shown that body fat percent of subjects was significantly decreased in both groups (p<0.05). Also, amount of insulin resistance was significantly decreased in fasting group (p<0.05). In addition, amount of IL-1&beta was significantly decreased in both groups(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Research results shown that levels of IL-1&beta decreased by fasting and especially by aerobic exercise training and it may lead to the decrease of insulin resistance in obese subjects.
Babak Davoodi, Shirin Zilaei Bouri, Akram Ahangarpor, Maryam Zilaei Bouri,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background: Physical activity and overweight both changethe body homeostasis for this purpose, in this study effect of two models of high and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on the amount of Adiponectin and Resistin were compared inobese and overweight females.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 15 obese and overweight female (Mean age: 22.93±0.54 years weight: 75.15±2.07 kg hight: 160.6±1.38 Cm BMI: 29.24±0.73kg.m-2) were randomly selected as sample. Subjects were placed into high (33 min exercise, 85-90% of max hearat rate) and moderate (41 min exercise, 50-70% of max hearat rate) intensity aerobic exercise groups. Exercises lasted three days a week for eight weeks with an equal volume of consumed energy. In order to analyze data, independent-t test and Repeated Measure analysis of variance were used at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The results indicate a significant increase in Adiponectin after eight weeks of high-intensity aerobic exercise compared to moderate-intensity exercise (p=0.02). A significant reduction in fat mass and percentage was observed after moderate intensity exercise (p=0.03), too. In Addition, moderate intensity exercise caused a considerable decrease in Resistin after eight weeks (p=0.06).
Conclusion: High-intensity exercise appears to provide necessary metabolic stress to enhance Adiponectin, even without weight and fat loss.
Seyede Marzieh Ketabi Poor, Maryam Koushkie Jahromi,
Volume 17, Issue 8 (11-2014)
Abstract
Background: Regarding the importance of prevention of cardiovascular disease during menopause the purpose of present study was evaluating the influence of eight weeks progressive aquatic exercise on serum Apoproteins of A and B and lipoproteins in obese and normal weight menopause women.
Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study in which 29 menopause women from Isfahan (age: 57.4 ±4.68 years) voluntarily participated in it. According to body mass index (BMI), participants were divided to obese (n=15, BMI= 30.21 ±3.90) or normal weight (n=14, BMI=22.44 ±2.25) groups. Subjects of both groups participated in 8 weeks aquatic exercise, three times a week, by progressive intensity of 50 to 70% of maximal heart rate and duration of 45 minutes.
Results: Findings of study indicated a significant influence of exercise on VLDL, Apo A and B and ApoB/ApoA in in obese group. In normal weight group, exercise caused significant changes in LDL, VLDL, Apo A and B and ApoB/ApoA, but there was no significaut difference between groups in none of study variables.
Conclusion: According to our findings, progressive aquatic aerobic exercise induces similar reduction of some cardiovascular risk factors especially ApoB and ApoB/ApoA and increasing ApoA in obese and normal weight menopause women.
Farhad Daryanoosh, Maryam Mehboodi, Maryam Mortazavi, Elham Motesharee,
Volume 17, Issue 9 (12-2014)
Abstract
Background: Obestatin and leptin are two important hormones in energy homeostasis that have been discovered in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intense aerobic exercise on plasma levels of obestatin, leptin, insulin and growth hormones in male obese Sprague Dawley Rats.
Materials and Methods: In this exprimontal study 50 male rats, with the weight range of 20±320 were taken from the Animal Laboratory of Medical Sciences in Shiraz University, and were divided into two training groups: experimental and control. The exercise program consisted of 8 weeks of intense aerobic exercise, 5 sessions per week. The exercise started at a speed of 5 meters per minute and with a slope of zero degree for 15 minutes and the intensity progressively reached up to the speed of 25 m/m and the slope of 15 degrees for 75 minutes in the last week and ended. Blood samples were taken 24 hours after the last training session and were sent to the laboratory to measure the levels of obestatin, leptin, insulin and growth hormones. SPSS software and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to assess the results.
Results: There was a significant reduction in plasma levels of obestatin (p=0.02), leptin (p=0.02), and insulin (p=0.03), while the results showed that no meaningful difference was observed in the amount of growth hormone between the control group and intense training group (p=0.07).
Conclusion: The results of the present study have shown that after sports activities leading to weight loss, the reduction of anti-hunger hormones (obestatin and leptin) is expected.
Yaser Khaje Bishak, Laleh Payahoo, Aziz Homayouni Rad, Behjat Shokrvash,
Volume 17, Issue 9 (12-2014)
Abstract
Background: Obesity, the most common health problem, can result in the incidence of many chronic diseases. genetic and environmental factors can affect its incidence. Differences in the population of gut microbiota in lean and obese subjects and interaction between them, has led to a field of investigation about the effects of intestinal microbiota in the obesity occurrence. In the other hand, the use of functional foods has been shown positive effects in the prevention of obesity. This study was aimed to assess the differences between gut microbiota in obese and normal people, their roles in energy homeostasis and the mechanisms of probiotics and prebiotics in the management of obesity.
Materials and Methods: All articles indexed in the valid scientific data bases published between 2000 And 2014 were Searched and reviewed using probiotics, prebiotics, obesity and gut microbiota as key words and results were examined.
Results: A group of gut microbiota facilitates energy extraction from the diet that results in fat storage in adipose tissues. bacteroidetes as a residing bacterial in the gut is in fewer amount, inversely, firmicutes as another residing bacterial is in higher amount in obese people, and it changed in lean individuals, inversely. Differences in the extraction of energy in subjects were attributed to differences in the composition in gut microbiota. archaea species that resident in the gut involved in energy homeostasis through increasing the ability of fermentation, electron production and removing the energy. In addition to, the probiotic and prebiotic supplements have roles in the prevention of obesity via stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria, production of short chain fatty acids, modulating the secretion of hormones involved in energy homeostasis.
Conclusion: Further studies are needed to identify the specific probiotic bacteria and other effective functional foods in management of obesity.
Alireza Shahab Jahanlou, Kamyar Kouzekanani,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background: Body Mass Index (BMI) is commonly used to determine overweightness and obesity in epidemiological studies regardless of the sex and age of the subjects. Golden Standards were presented by the World Health Organization to estimate obesity by measuring body fat percentiles. The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the accuracy of the BMI by Cut-points of gold standard.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study. Measuring body composition was done by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method. Accuracy of the BIA method is documented in comparison with more complicated methods Diagnosis performance to estimate the accuracy of Body Mass Index was based on measuring specificity, sensitivity, percentile of the power of positive anticipation, and percentile of the power of negative anticipation to diagnose obesity, with due attention to the cut-points of world health organization gold standards and according to sex and age ranking. Data analysis was performed by T-test, Chi-Square and Roc curve. Two Roc curves were compared by Honely formule and regression analysis.
Results: According to the cut-point of gold standard, statistical findings showed that the amounts of sensitivity and specifity were 66% and 90.5% for all persons, respectively. With due attention to data analysis, the level of sensitivity was 50.2% to 73.3% in males and 28.9% to 69.7% in females. Also, with respect to age ranking, percentile of the power of negatire anticipation was reported between 26.7% to 63.6% in males and between 28.9% to 69.7% in females.
Conclusion: Body Mass Index could not accurately classify people in obesity and overweightness groups. The power of BMI for classifying obese and overweight people decreases with increasing age. Overall, comparing BMI and the cut-points of gold standard showed the medium effect of this index in classifying obese and overweight persons. The appropriate cut-point to diagnose obesity was 27.8.
Rastegar Hoseini, Arsalan Damirchi, Parvin Babaei,
Volume 18, Issue 7 (10-2015)
Abstract
Background: The effect of exercise training on body weight and visceral fat have been examined in several studies, whereas those of aerobic training along with the different dosages of intramuscular vitamin D on body weight, visceral fat and food intake are unknown. The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of aerobic training and different doses of intramuscular vitamin D on body weight, visceral fat and food intake in female Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, seventy-two female Wistar rats were divided into 9 with 8 rats in each group, one group: aerobic training (3 days/week for 8 weeks), three groups: aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation (in high, moderate and low doses ), three groups: vitamin D supplementation ( in high, moderate and low doses ) and two control groups. One-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA test were used to analyze the data.
Results: Results showed that body weight and visceral fat in aerobic training with high dose vitamin D supplementation group was significantly lower than other groups. Also, the mean food intake in three groups of (aerobic training with low dose vitamin D supplementation , low dose vitamin D supplementation and control) w as significantly higher than other groups.
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic training with high dose vitamin D compared to using each of the strategies is more effective in decreasing body weight, visceral fat in female Wistar rats .
Amir Hossein Hosseini, Leila Kohan, Sara Fallahi,
Volume 18, Issue 8 (11-2015)
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a complex, multifaceted disease resulting from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle backgrounds, and is associated with increased risk of diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. MiRNAs have been reported to be associated with chronic diseases such as obesity. The present study is the first investigation that examines the possible association of rs2910164 polymorphism in mir-146a gene with overweight and obesity in Iranian women.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 133 overweight, 75 obese and 173 healthy control women with normal weight. The rs2910164 polymorphism genotypes of mir-146a gene were determined by the Tetra-ARMS PCR method. Also, logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between genotypes and obesity risk.
Results: There was a significant association between GC (OR: 1.8, 95%CI: 1-3.3, p: 0.04) and CC (OR: 4.5, 95%CI: 1.6-12.6, p: 0.004) genotypes with susceptibility to obesity. In the dominant genetic model of the C allele (comparison between CC+GC vs. GG), CC+GC genotypes were associated with the risk of obesity (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2–3.7, p= 0.01).
Conclusion: This study showed that mir-146a gene rs2910164 polymorphism is associated with obesity risk and the C allele may act as a dominant allele and increase the obesity risk in Iranian women.
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Amir Hosein Pazoki, Siroos Choobineh, Ali Akbarnejad,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background: The evidence suggests that obesity causes the chronic inflammation. Chemerin is a new adipokine which is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The effects of combined training on levels of inflammatory markers specialy chemerin and serum amyloid-A has been less studied.The present study aims to examine the effect of six weeks combined training on plasma levels of chemerin, CRP and SAA and plasma lipid in obese men.
Materials and Methods: 18 obese men were divided into control and experimental groups. General characteristics of subjects serum levels of chemerin, CRP and SAA were examined (by ELISA method), before and after one session training. Endurance training protocol was performed on the large muscles included in 6 weeks running around the track with 60 to 75% HRmax, 4 sessions per week, intense resistance training for 25 to 30 minutes with 50 to 70% of one repetition maximum of 6 stations (2 sets, 12 Reps). Data analysis was performed by T-independent test for comparison of two control and training groups, T-paired test for comparison of two groups before and after the test and significant level of p≤0.05 was considered.
Results: The results show that 6 weeks combined training significantly decrease the plasma levels of chemerin (p=0.004), and SAA (p=0.009), but there was not any significant decrease on CRP levels(p=0. 476). So, it can be concluded that combined training will affect on some inflammatory markers in obese men and improve them.
Conclusion: One session combined training for 6 weeks significantly affects on plasma levels of chemerin and serum amyloid-A, however, it doesn't decrease the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).
Rahman Soori, Mohammad Reza Asad, Mahboobe Khosravi, Sadegh Abbasian,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: Irisin is a new myokine that exerts its positive effects via increasing energy expenditure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of submaximal aerobic training on serum irisin level and irisin-related insulin-resistance change in obese men.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 26 obese men were selected as statistical sample and they were divided into experimental groups. Former group (13 men) consisted of subjects who carried out exercise training with 50-60 percent of maximum max heart rate for 10 continuous weeks (3 sessions per week for 30 to 45 minutes in each session). Later group was consisted of subjects who do not carried out exercise training. After the interventions of study, irisin serum levels, insulin resistance indices, body composition and maximum oxygen consumption were determined. Finally, data were analyzed by Stata software.
Results: Statistical data analysis illustrated that the amounts of irisin serum were significantly increased in exercise training group than control group (14.75±6.22; p=0.022) after the intervention. Also, only body fat percentage (1.242±0.57) and max oxygen consumption (1.509±0.328) of subjects were significantly increased (p=0.034 and p=0.0001, respectively). However, there were not statistically significant changes in irisin- related insulin-resistance indices (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Current study presented that serum irisin was increased after 30 submaximal exercise training sessions regardless of insulin resistance changes in obese men.
Faranak Balaghi Inaloo, Saeed Shakeryan, Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh, Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei,
Volume 19, Issue 9 (12-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Recently a myokine named irisin has been discovered that effects on obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis through browning white adipose tissue and thermogenesis. However, the effects of type and intensity of exercises on it have remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two acute eccentric and concentric exercises on serum irisin level and insulin resistance in obese sedentary women.
Materials and Methods: The study was quasi-experimental. 15 female students with a body mass index above 30 kg/m2 and mean age 24.86±2.87 years participated in the study. After measuring the maximal uptake oxygen of participants, they did two acute eccentric and concentric exercises using treadmill in a cross-over design within 10 days. After at least 8 hours- fasting, blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity, to measure the levels of irisin, glucose and insulin. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. In addition, Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between variables.
Results: the irisin levels increased significantly after both types of exercises (p<0.05), that this increase in concentric activity was more than eccentric activity. Insulin resistance increased immediately after both exercises as well, that this increase in concentric exercise was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: However, both eccentric and concentric exercises had no effect on improving insulin resistance in obese women, but they can be considered as a good stimulus for the secretion of Irisin.
Hamid Alizadeh, Alireza Safarzadeh, Elahe Talebi-Garakani,
Volume 20, Issue 7 (10-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue's phenotypic alteration due to exercise training is a new theory. However, the cellular–molecular mechanisms for these phenotypic alterations are not yet clearly
understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six weeks resistance training on Meteorin-like hormone level and insulin resistance index in overweight adolescent boys.
Materials and Methods: Twenty overweight adolescent boys (average age 18.5±1 years old, average weight 81.1±4.5 kg, and BMI 27.7±0.7 kg/m2) participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: control (N=10) and resistance training (N=10). Subjects in training group performed six-week resistance training program 3 days/week. Anthropometrics parameters and fasting serum of Meteorin-like hormone levels, insulin and glucose were measured at the baseline and at the end of study.
Results: The level of Meteorin-like hormone was significantly decreased in control group (p=0.008), but that of Meteorin-like hormone in resistance training was increased insignificantly (p=0.311). The variations of Meteorin-like hormone levels between two groups were significant (p=0.004). The changes of insulin resistance were increased in both groups which were statistically significant (p=0.032) and insignificant (p=0.632) for control and training groups respectively. We found a negative and insignificant correlation between changes in Meteorin-like hormone levels and changes in insulin resistance index (p=0.273).
Conclusion: The results showed that six weeks’ resistance training has no effect on increasing Meteorin-like hormone serum level and improving insulin resistance index and body composition in overweight adolescent boys.
Azam Zarneshan, Mohammadreza Zolfaghari, Mahdia Gholamnejad, Mehdi Yousefi,
Volume 20, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: IL-4 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma and the increased serum level of that is positively correlated with asthma severity and obesity. IL-4 induces IgE secretion by B cells. Previous studies suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training on asthmatic lungs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training on serum levels of IL-4 and IgE in overweight and obese asthmatic women.
Materials and Methods: 21 overweight and obese asthmatic women were selected and divided into two groups including experimental (n=12) and control (n=9) groups. The experimental group performed aerobic exercise training, three times a week, 60 minutes each session. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 2 days after completion of the course. The data were analyzed by using SPSS22 software
Results: A significant decrease in serum IL-4 (p = 0.015, t = - 2.68), BMI (p = 0.014, t = - 2.72) and weight (p = 0.001, t = -3.99) was shown following the 12 weeks of training in the experimental group compared to the control group. There were no significant correlations between the obesity changes and the Inflammatory Marker Changes (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The present study indicates that aerobic exercise training reduced the serum levels of IL-4 independent of obesity changes in overweight and obese asthmatic women.
Aida Moeini , Sirous Farsi , Mehrzad Moghaddasi ,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Curcumin is one of the most important nutritional polyphenols that is included in daily supplements diet highly and plays a role in moderating some of the intracellular messenger pathways associated with the regulation of pathologic hypertrophy. The purpose of the present study is to survey the effect of curcumin supplementation on the expression of some genes regulators of the pathological processes of the heart muscle in rats.
Materials and Methods: In this eight-week experimental study, 12 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: obesity control (n=6) and curcumin supplement (n=6). Curcumin supplementation was conducted for eight weeks. 24 hours after the completion of the curcumin supplement protocol, the rats were dissected and their heart muscle was removed. The expression of the genes (AMPK, mTOR, S6K, 4EBP, COL1, COL3, and Ang) was performed using Real-Time PCR technique. The expression of the genes was calculated by the 2-∆∆CT method. One way ANOVA was applied to determine the significance of the variables among the study groups.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.SUMS.REC.1396.S446 has been approved by research ethics committee at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Findings:The results has showed that supplement group of curcumin reduced the expression of mTOR (p < 0.001), S6K (p < 0.011), 4EBP (p > 0.005) collagen 1 (p > 0.002), Collagen 3 (p < 0.001) and Ang (p < 0.003) compared to the placebo group. There was also an increase in the expression of AMPK gene (p < 0.001) which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: it seems that the supplementation of 10 mg curcumin moderate the pathological pathway of cardiac muscle hypertrophy by reducing or keeping up the expression of mTOR gene in obese rats and increasing the expression of AMPK gene. Moreover, this supplement can affect on reducing the pathological hypertrophy during the consumption of curcumin supplementation
Seyed Ali Kazemi Rezaei, Sahar Khoshsorour, Robabeh Nouri,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Obesity with its various physical and mental problems threatens public health. This study aimed to investigate the discriminative role of metacognitive beliefs, the difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency in women with obesity.
Methods and Materials In this causal-comparative research, 40 obese women (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and 40 normal-weight subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. The samples were evaluated by metacognitive questionnaire, difficulties in emotion regulation scale, and the Farsi version of codependency measurement tool. We used discriminant function analysis to analyze the obtained data.
Ethical Considerations All study subjects signed the written consent form. The Research Ethics Committee of Kharazmi University approved this study (Code: IR.KHU.REC.1397.41).
Results The discriminant function could correctly classify 95% of obese people and 97.5% of normal-weight people with 3 variables of metacognitive beliefs, difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency. In other words, 96.25% of all participants had been classified correctly.
Conclusion Distinguishing the two groups of obese and normal people, the variables of metacognitive beliefs, difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency have a significant role. Therefore, these variables are supposedly influential psychological factors in obesity. So they can be used for its prevention and treatment.
Shohreh Mortezaei Shemirani, Bagher Sanaei Zaker, Biuok Tajeri, Sheida Sodagar, Farahnaz Meschi,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite numerous advances in treating various diseases and increased life expectancy, obesity will be the leading cause of hopelessness in the next 100 years. The present study aimed to compare the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on lifestyle habits, disordered eating behavior, and health-promoting lifestyle in obese women.
Methods & Materials: The statistical population consisted of all women referring to obesity clinics in district 2 of Tehran City, Iran, in 2019. Forty-Five patients were selected by convenience sampling method and replaced in 3 groups of 15 (two experimental & one control groups). The study participants were assessed using the Assessment of Life Habits Scale (LIFE-H)), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). The ACT group underwent nine 90-minute sessions and the CBT group received eight 90-minute sessions. The control group received no training. The collected data were analyzed using Mixed Design and repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SPSS.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch (Code: IR.IAU.K.REC.1398.039).
Results: The present research results signified that ACT and CBT were effective on the habits of eating disorders and health-promoting lifestyles in the explored obese women. The achieved changes remained stable until the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Moreover, ACT was more successful than CBT in improving the components of life habits and health responsibilities in the study subjects (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of group-based ACT and CBT, it is recommended to use these methods to increase the mental health of obese individuals.
Yazdan Ghandi, Nooshin Sajadei, Seyed Mojtaba Hashemi, Javad Farahani,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the importance of childhood obesity and easier correction of related factors in this age group, the present study aimed to investigate the role of some factors related to family, nutrition, and lifestyle on childhood obesity.
Methods & Materials: This age-matched case-control study was performed on 150 obese and 150 healthy children, aged 2-15 years referring to Amir-Kabir Hospital in Arak City, Iran. Obesity was calculated based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Required information, including family factors, nutritional factors, and lifestyle characteristics were collected by a checklist.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.119).
Results The results of Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% of Confidence Interval (CI) were in favor of father’s age of 25-35 and over 35 years (0.24), respectively, father’s overweight and obesity (3.87 and 3.57), mother’s overweight and obesity (3.81 and 5.5)7, more than three children per household (3.33), low and high consumption of fruits and vegetables (0.3 and 0.19), breakfast eating (0.43), dietary supplementation (2.68), consuming fast food (3.98), more than two hours of playing a computer game (3.5), chewing well (0.38), using food as a reward (1.89), as well as participating in food and table preparation (3.14). We found a dose-response association between children’s obesity and parents’ BMI, the number of children, and computer games.
Conclusion: Obesity is associated with some factors related to the family, such as nutrition, computer games, and lifestyle characteristics. Due to various risk factors and adjustable safeguards, it is necessary to provide families and children with proper education to reduce obesity.
Fateme Dehghani Yunarti, Vazgen Minasian,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise timing on elevated postprandial glucose and after brief interval exercises in women with obesity.
Methods & Materials: Ten women with obesity (Mean±SD age = 40.41±3.97 years; weight = 86.66±7.26 kg; and BMI = 33.22±2.20 kg/m2) participated in a crossover design exercise intervention: 1) postprandial aerobic exercise, 2) pre-prandial aerobic exercise, 3) brief periodic exercise, and 4) control. Pre- and postprandial exercise included 30 min of moderate-intensity walking on the treadmill before and after each main meal (1 minute of exercise -30 seconds rest). The brief periodic exercise had three one-minute reps of activity every 30 min for 20 times during the day. Twelve-hour continuous glucose monitoring and two-hour postprandial glucose levels were calculated to examine changes in blood glucose levels.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Isfahan (Ethics Code: IR.UI.REC.1397.119) and conducted in agreement with the ethical principles for biomedical research involving human subjects outlined in the declaration of Helsinki.
Results: The findings of this study suggested that brief periodic exercise resulted in a significant decrease in continuous glucose monitoring levels and postprandial glucose compared to the control group as well as pre-prandial exercise (P˂0.05). However, pre- and postprandial exercise did not result in significant changes in continuous glucose monitoring (P˃0.05). In addition, postprandial exercise led to a significant decrease in postprandial glucose compared to the control group (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that brief periodic exercise can have more beneficial effects on postprandial glucose levels, probably due to improved glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle.
