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Introduction: The increasing users of microwave appliances such as cell phones caused an increasing interest on investigation of its adverse effects on human health and development of animals.This study is done to investigate the effects of simulating cell phone waves on gonads and sex cells of male Balb/C mouse. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study in which with the use of generating apparatus of simulating cell phone waves, adult male mice were exposed to cell phone waves for 10 days (4 hours per day). Then structure and ultrastructure of testes and number of sex cells were examined by light and transmission electron microscope. Data was analyzed using t and Mann Whitney testes. Results: The results did not show any significant differences in the size and weight of testes in mice exposed to the simulating cell phone waves. Results also showed that the number of spermatogonia cells and primary spermatocytes and spermatids and sperms were significantly increased in exposed mice (p<0.05), but the number of sertoli cells were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The study of micrographs showed changes in ultrastructure of sexual cells, such as cleft and hetrochromatined nucleus and decrease of cell organelles and vacuolization of cytoplasm. Conclusion: Results indicate the effect of simulating cell phone waves on number and ultrastructure of sex cell in male Balb/C mouse.

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Background: Poly chlorinated biphenyls (PBCs) are the group of organic chemical materials that have a great chemical stability. These compounds are hazardous pollutants which pose various occupational and environmental problems. This study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave rays, hydrogen peroxide, Tio2 catalyst, and ethanol on the decomposition of PBCs. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a vessel reactor (250ml volume)that was connected with a tube connector to thecondensor system was used. A microwave oven with a fixed frequency of 2450 MHZ was used to provide microwave irradiation and ray powers used at 540, 720 and 900w. pH and temperature of the samples were continuously monitored and the experiments were repeated three times. Askarel oils were analyzed by GC-ECD. Results: The mean of total PCBS degradation at 540, 720, and 900w was 83.88±1.63, 89.27±2.44, and 95.98±0.81%, respectively. The mean of total PCBS degradation in terms of ratio to solvent with oil transformer in 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 was 53.8±3.26, 79.04±1.24, and 95.08±1.69%, respectively. The mean of total PCBS degradation in terms of not using H2o2/Tio2 and using H2O2 (20%) and 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 g of Tio2 concurrently was 71.47±0.81, 87.9±2.16, 89.48±1.69, 91.7±1.24, and 93.07±3.09 %, respectively. Conclusion: Using microwave irradiation in the presence of H2O2 oxidant and Tio2 catalyst leads to the reduction of PCBS.