Showing 4 results for Frequency
Latif Moini, Ali Javad Mousavi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Homocysteinemia is currently regarded as an independent risk factor in venous thrombosis and vascular diseases. So noticing its causes and risk factors in high risk populations, such as elderly and chronically ill patients is of much importance. This research is designed, considering the important role of homocysteinemia and the lack of statistics and adequate information about the prevalence of this disease among hospitalized patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: The is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, done by census sampling method on patients admitted in ICU of Rasoul-Akram hospital, during a 6 months period. Epidemiologic data was collected from the patients' files. A blood sample was taken from the patient to measure homocysteine level. Data was introduced using descriptive statistics. Results: 52 patients with the mean age of 58.42 were included in this study. Among these, 12 (23.1%) had a high homocysteine level and the other 40 patients (76.9%) had a normal range of homocysteine. The mean homocysteine level in patients with normal levels was 9.28(3.08-15.48) micromol/dl and the mean in patients with homocysteinemia was 21.05(11.05-31.05). Among patients with homocysteinemia, 25% had renal failure and 25% were presented with cerebrovascular accident (CVA). There was no significant difference between homocystein level in patients with renal failure and those with CVA. Conclusion: According to the 23.1% frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia in hospitalized patients of our study, also considering the Folate and vitamin B6 and B12 role in homocysteinemia, and also due to previous epidemiologic studies, it seems that evaluating Folate, vitamin B6 and B12, creatinine clearance and plasma albumin level may clarify the role of these factors as the probable predictive factor in patients with homocysteinemia
Mahdi Panahian, Ehsan Nafari, Nasim Daneshdoost, Danial Habibi,
Volume 20, Issue 10 (1-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Tympanometry is one of the most important audiological tests for the assessment of neonatal hearing screening programs. This test is usually done using a 226 Hertz probe tone; however, in infants less than 6 months of age, using this probe tone frequency is not reliable due to the different characteristics of the middle ear compared to adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the obtained tympanometric data in neonates 1 to 14 days with normal hearing using 226, 678, 800 and 1000 Hertz frequency probes tones.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 neonates aged 1 to 14 days who were diagnosed as normal in hearing aspect with using otoacoustic emissions test, were assessed by tympanometry. Tympanometric tests were performed using 226, 678, 800 and 1000 Hertz frequency probe tones for both ears. For data analysis, the T-paired method has been used.
Results: With using 226 Hertz frequency probe tone, incidence of unusual double peak tympanograms was observed in 65% of cases, which with increasing frequency of the probe tone, this percentage was decreased. There was also a statistically significant difference between the static admittance peak compensated in two 226 and 1000 Hertz frequency probes tones.
Conclusion: In neonates with normal hearing and without any risk factors for hearing loss, the 1000-Hertz Tympanogram shows a better middle ear status than the 226-Hertz tympanogram.
Raha Zalkhani, Ahmad Ali Moazedi, Zohreh Ghotbeddin, Mahdi Pourmahdi Borujeni,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Emotional disorders are prevalent in many epileptic patients. So, in this research, we have studied the efficacy of two treatment methods of seizure on anxiety-like behavior during kindling in adult male rat.
Materials and Methods: 42 male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: Control, Sham operation, saline-kindled and drug-kindled groups which have received saline or drug 15 minutes before kindling stimulations, and saline-kindled-LFS or drug-kindled-LFS group which have received saline or drug 15 minutes before kindling stimulations and LFS applied after termination of kindling stimulations. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed on the 6th day by using elevated plus maze and open field apparatus.
Findings: kindling significantly increased open arms (OAs) entries percentage, OAs exploration percentage, increasing jumping from elevated plus maze (p<0.001) and rearing frequency in open field apparatus (p<0.05) compared to the sham group. Sodium valproate increased OAs entries percentage and OAs exploration percentage in drug-kindled group compared to sham group (p<0.001). But, there wasn’t any significant difference in jumping from elevated plus maze and rearing in open field compared to sham group. Also, there was no significant change in these parameters in Saline-kindled-LFS, drug-kindled and drug–kindled-LFS groups.
Conclusion: Sodium valproate and LFS, as two therapies controlling epilepsy, decrease anxiety induced by kindling stimulation.
Ebrahim Mohammadi, Laya Hooshmand, Arash Masumi,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Novel antidiabetic medications are employed to manage glycemic control and mitigate the long-term complications of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of adverse events, including hypoglycemia, associated with these novel antidiabetic agents in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 157 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Endocrinology Clinic at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, during the summer of 2024. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit participants. Data on demographics, the incidence of hypoglycemia, and reported adverse drug reactions were collected from all eligible patients through a structured interview. Subsequently, patients were stratified into three treatment groups based on the specific novel antidiabetic medication they received.
Results: In patients receiving sitagliptin, the most prevalent adverse events included arthralgia and rheumatic problems (26.31%), dermatological manifestations (36.84%), and allergic reactions (21.06%). Nausea (52.94%) and abdominal pain (17.65%) were the most frequent adverse events observed in patients treated with liraglutide. Polydipsia (28.72%), weakness and lethargy (26.6%), and dry mucous membranes (27.66%) were commonly reported in patients receiving empagliflozin. Hypoglycemia was observed predominantly in male patients aged 51-55 years receiving sitagliptin.
Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate a low incidence of hypoglycemia among patients treated with modern antidiabetic medications. Prevalent short-term adverse events observed included gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, and dermatological manifestations.
