Showing 35 results for Corona
Soheila Nattagh, Masoud Fereidoni, Naser Mahdavi Shahri,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (7-2011)
Abstract
Background: Research has shown that healthy individuals with no known cardiovascular risk factors who experience a stressful life are likely to develop cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, stress can be one of the most important risk factors involved in cardiovascular diseases. This study evaluated the possible effects of chronic stress induced by obligatory swimming and noise on coronary arteries histological changes. Materials and Methods: In this experimental trial, male Wistar rats were exposed to two different types of chronic stresses, including physical obligatory swim stress and psychological noise stress. After the last stress session, the rats were examined in terms of the ratio of the vessel lumen diameter to outer diameter, ratio of media diameter to outer diameter, ratio of adventitia diameter to outer diameter, and ratio of wall thickness to outer diameter of vessels. Results: Obligatory swimming stress and noise stress each significantly increased the ratio of media diameter to the outer diameter of vessels (P<0.001) and decreased the ratio of vessels lumen diameter to the outer diameter (P<0.05). Swimming stress and noise stress induced increases in the ratio of wall thickness to the outer diameter of vessels (P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively). In addition, swimming stress significantly increased the ratio of adventitia diameter to the outer diameter of vessels (P<0.05).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that chronic stress can induce coronary vessel remodelling which results in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases
Azam Hashemzadeh, Garooci Farshi Mirtaghi, Gholamreza Chalabianloo, Ali Akbar Maleki Rad,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (7-2011)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are directly influenced by some specific psychological behaviors accompanied by stress and anxiety that in the long run increase cardiovascular diseases risk and bring about some complications. This study was carried out to examine the effects of relaxation and distraction training on anxiety reduction in cardiac patients,.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, sixty 40-65 year old patients with cardiac diseases were selected by convenience random sampling procedure and were randomly assigned to different experimental groups: 15 patients received relaxation training, 15 patients received distraction training, 15 patients received both relaxation and distraction training, and 15 patients stayed in the waiting list group. All participants completed STAI-S and STAI-T before and after the training program. Data were analyzed by factorial analysis of variance with repeated measures.
Results: The results indicated that instruction of anxiety reduction techniques significantly decrease cardiac patients’ anxiety. There were no significant differences between the two genders. Also, there were no significant decreases between different educational levels and types of diagnosis in the anxiety reduction.
Conclusion: Noticing the decrease in anxiety due to relaxation and distraction in patients hospitalized with cardiac diseases, the use of these techniques in all stages of prevention and treatment of coronary heart diseases seems necessary.
Saeid Sadrnia,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (9-2012)
Abstract
Background: Left main coronary artery divides into left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. Total occlusion of the left main coronary artery without extensive MI and cardiogenic shock is a rare finding. Case: The patient is a 50-year-old man that had referred to doctor’s office with history of exert ional chest pain two months earlier. Although he did not have history of rest angina, he had history of smoking as well as positive family history for coronary artery diseases. Exercise test with echocardiography revealed significant S-T depression. Hence, coronary angiography was done for the patient which showed total occlusion of the left main and originated left circumflex artery from right coronary artery and left anterior obliq filled from right coronary artery. The patient was candidate for coronary artery bypass graft. Conclusion: Total occlusion of the left main coronary artery without cardiogenic shock and death is a rare finding. This phenomenon occurs when occlusion is chronic and it is followed by right coronary artery with well-developed collateral which might be presented with stable angina. The mainstay treatment for total occlusion of the left main coronary artery is coronary artery bypass graft
Navi Reza Mashaykhi, Saeid Sadrneya, Ali Chehrei, Javad Javaheri, Mojtaba Ahmadlou,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: Traditionally levels of cholesterol and triglyceride are used to identify individuals at risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study is examining the association of ApoA1 and ApoB with severity of coronary artery disease and whether these parameters are better predictor of CAD.
Materials and methods: This is a cross- sectional study. All patients that referred to ARAK amirallmomenin hospital and enrolled for coronary angiography was entered to study. Before angiography and after gathering informed consent, levels of apoA1 apoB, cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL and FBS were measured. The results of coronary angiography were reviewed by two experienced cardiologist separately. Severity of coronary artery disease involvement was determined by Gensini score (GS), the data were analyzed with statistical methods by SPSS software.
Results: There is a statistically significant correlation Between apoB and GS (r=0.127, p=0.047). Logistic regression model showed that among predictors for CAD entered model eg gender, age, cholesterol, TG, HDL, LDL , VLDL, ApoA1, ApoB and ApoB/Apo- A1 ratio, only ApoB and gender were proper predictors of coronary artery Disease( CAD) (p=0.002, , p=0.001). In comparison with angiography for diagnosis of CAD, ROC analysis represent that using ApoB can be useful test (p=0.047).
Conclusion: According to result of this study, using ApoB in addition to conventional parameters for assessing the patient at risk to having CAD would be reasonable and could be an independent risk factor for CAD.
Davood Kazemi Saleh, Zahra Jozani, Omid Assar, Iman Lotfian,
Volume 16, Issue 10 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: Cardiac accidents due to Coronary Artery Disease are the most common cause of mortality in the world. On the other hand, vitamin D deficiency is known as an emerging risk factor of this disease. Considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran we investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in angioplasty patients, effect of gender and its relationship with Coronary Artery Disease severity.
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study serum level of 25(OH) D3 in was measured in 149 patients undergoing PCI between May and September 2013 in Baqiatallah hospital. Patients with renal failure (Cr>2mg/dl), liver disease, and those treated with glucocorticoids or anti-epileptic drugs were excluded. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21 software. Chi-square and T-Test were used and P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients was 77.2% (men 86% and women 62.5%) (p=0.0005). Vitamin D deficiency severity was related to the number of involved vessels in men (p=0.046). Vitamin D deficiency was related with stent length in patients with right coronary angioplasty (p=0.041).
Conclusion: The effect of vitamin D deficiency on coronary artery disease seems to be different in men and women. Complementary studies are needed to elucidate this issue further.
Ali Akbar Raygani Visi , Mahnaz Ahmadi, Mansour Rezae, Behzad Haydarpour, Parvin Taghizadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 12 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Cotonary artery illneses are the common heart illness that there is treatment methods now, many patients need the coronary artery bypass graft. Anxiety is a common phenomenon after all surgical operation. Anxiety in coronary artery bypass graft causes to increase metabolic rate, decrease immunity of body, and increases activity of heart coronary and gastrointestinal. This study was perfound to assess the effects of metatarsus foot reflexology on state anxiety levels after coronary artery bypass graft in Imam Ali Hospital Kermanshah.
Methods and Materials: This clinical trial included 88 patients that they were divided in to the intervention and control group based on the randomly. The intervention group received a 10 minute right foot massage one day on third and fourth day after coronary artery bypass graft and control group received no intervention, only at the time mentioned, score anxiety was measured with standard questionnaire spielberger.
Results: Patients state anxiety significanty decreased in the intervention group in the third day comparison with the control group, but no difference were not observed in the control group.
Conclusion: The finding of the study showed foot reflexology to be effective and simple that complication and damages are low that is used in reducing patients anxiety in treatment-health centers.
Behfar Pakbaz, Navidreza Mashayekhi, Alireza Ali Saeidi, Mohamadreza Taheri-Nejad, Reza Shah Mirzae,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background: Early, complete, and stable coronary revascularization is the main criteria for standard treatment in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of integrilin as glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor in treatment of STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 106 STEMI patients who complained of acute chest pain and were referred to Amir Al Momenin hospital, Arak, entered the study. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group was treated with integrilin immediately before angioplasty. The 2nd group was treated with conventional percutaneous coronary intervention.
Results: After receiving treatment and undergoing angioplasty, TIMI Frame Count was equal to 15.7±8.04 in the 1st group and 14.2±5.4 in the 2nd group which showed no significant difference between them (p=0.4). Ejection fraction in patients receiving integrilin was significantly more than control group in first (p=0.043) and third month (p=0.012) after treatment.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it seems that using integrilin in standard time, causes long-term benefits for patients and reduces damage to the heart wall.
Amir Abdollah Zangivand, Mahsa Ghasemi,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (9-2014)
Abstract
Background: Inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of WBC (White Blood Cell) count and incidence of morbidity and mortality in patients with ACS.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 101 patients with ACS who admitted in Bu-ali Sina hospital. All patients were stratified according to WBC categories in to 3 groups, (WBC 1 :<7000 mm3, WBC 2:7000 -10000 mm3, WBC 3:> 10000 mm3). Demographic and laboratory data such as acute reactive protein, cardiac biomarker and etc. were recorded. Adverse cardiac events and mortality were recorded to a phone or in person for six months of follow up period. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 17.0). The Fisher´s exact chi-square test and the student t-test were applied. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: In our study, 5 patients (31.25%) in third group had recurrent non fatal cardiac event and the same percent (31.25%) were died after 6 months follow up. Multivariate analysis showed WBC count >10000 mm3 was strongest predictor of outcome in our patients.
Conclusion: WBC count can be considered one of the strong independent predictor of mortality and cardiac event in patients with ACS.
Niloofar Dadashpour, Esmaeel Moshiri, Ali Reza Kamali, Ali Reza Rostami, Majid Golestani Eraghi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common complication after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This complication causes an increase in morbidity and mortality after CABG and also increases the length of ICU stay and hospitalization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prophylactic effect of amiodarone in reducing the incidence of post CABG atrial fibrillation.
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 204 patients, candidate for elective CABG, entered the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and randomly divided into two equal groups. The case group received 300 mg of intravenous amiodarone before anesthesia induction and the control group received normal saline. Incidence of AF was recorded until 24 hours after CABG.
Results: The incidence of post CABG AF was 16 patients in the case group and 35 patients in the control group. Comparison of the frequency of AF between groups by Chi square analyses showed a significant difference (p=0.037) and the incidence of AF was significantly lower in the amiodarone group.
Conclusion: In total, amiodarone could significantly prevent the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. In this study, patients took this medication only in the first 24 hours, while in some studies, this drug has been prescribed for even 14 days.
Abolfazl Mozafari, Latif Moini, Siamak Mohebi, Fakhreddin Hejazi, Maryam Marvi, Vahid Olomidoran, Azam Nazeri,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (8-2015)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases is one of the most prevalent causes of mortality in all around the world accounting for high rates of decrease of physical function and daily work. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life dimensions Percutanous Coronary Intervention (PCI) patients.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 96 patients in the rehabilitation unit in Qom. Half of patients put in the test group and the others remained as control. Data of all patients including of demographic parameter and questionnaire of quality of life before and after rehabilitation (in case and control groups) were collected. Data analysis was done in SPSS 18 by central statistical indices and frequency distribution as well as independent t-test, pair t-test ans Chi-square and p-value below than 0.05 was significant.
Results: out of 96 patients, the mean age was 57.21±9.09 and 57.3± 10.89 years in case and control groups respectively and 70.8% were male and remains were female. There was significant relationship between quality of life and its subtypes except physical function (p<0.001). Moreover, difference between quality of life and six out of eight subtypes scores before and after rehabilitation in both groups was significant.
Conclusion: It seems that cardiac rehabilitation after PCI affects quality of life.
Ali Reza Rostami, Mehrzad Sharifi, Ali Reza Kamali, Masoomeh Kalantari,
Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Post ischemic myocardial reperfusion can impair CABG outcomes and cause increased mortality, hospital stay and costs. Then, increased oxygen free radicals lead to lipid peroxidation and sulfhydryl group oxidation. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether N-acetylcysteine and Vitamin C as antioxidants could effect postoperative outcomes of on-pump CABG.
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, patients who had undergone CABG were studied in 4 groups receiving Vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, Vitamin C & N-acetylcysteine and traditional drugs. The study population consisted of 50 patients in each group. Data were recorded in a checklist and analyzed by using SPSS 20.
Results: Mean pump time, ICU stay, hospital stay, the distribution of troponin positive serum, arrhythmia and need for reoperation were significantly different between groups. Gender distribution, mean cross-clamp time, serum creatinine level before and after surgery, the need for inotropic drugs and required dose level of it, showed no significant differences between groups.
Conclusion: It seems that the combination of N-acetylcysteine and Vitamin C had a stronger effect on the defference between the mean of pump time, hospital length stay and length of ICU stay versus the administration of N-acetylcysteine or Vitamin C alone.
Leila Hamidi, Saeed Khatamsaz, Mohammad Javad Mokhtari, Mohammad Ali Babaei Beigi,
Volume 20, Issue 8 (11-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial disorder, which remains asymptomatic for many years. Genetic and environmental factors are involved to this disease. In the past years , the role of apolipoproteins and their polymorphisms has been identified in the diseases.The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between gene polymorphisms of apolipoprotein A1 with diabetes, hypertension and cigarette smoking in CAD sufferers in Fars province.
Materials and Methods: This study evaluates the promoterregion polymorphisms up to intron 2 of APOA1 genes in 75 CAD cases and 75 controls. The method used to determine these polymorphisms was PCR sequencing. This case-control study was performed by odds ratio (OR, with a confidence interval of 0.95) to reveal the association of these polymorphisms with hypertension, diabetes and smoking in CAD patients.
Results: Four polymorphisms were identified in this area. The genotypes of AA in 12718466, GA in rs 670, TC in rs5070 and CC in rs 5069 had the highest frequency in all patient groups and controls. There was a significant association in Rs12718466 between control group with diabetic group (p=0.033).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that diabetes, hypertension and cigarette smoking had no effects in initiation and aggravation of CAD.
Ehsan Salehi, Ebrahim Hagizadeh, Mohammad Alidoosti,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Advances in the field of medicine over the past few decades enabled the identification of risk factors that may contribute toward the development of coronary artery disease (CHD). However, this knowledge has not yet helped in the significant reduction of CHD incidence. The purpose of this study is to assess the risk factors of coronary artery heart events, after receiving stent, by competing risks with composite events tree. We can reduce CHD incidence with control of this risk factors.
Materials and Methods: This sectional study includes the Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients that received Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) cure with at least planting one stent from May 21, 2007 to May 22, 2009 in Tehran heart center. We followed patients for three years. Revascularization, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiac death are considered as major acute cardiovascular events (outcome). We used decision tree with competing risks with composite events model for classification of patients. The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 24 and R 3.3.3 softwares.
Findings: Four factors including fasting blood sugar, diabetes mellitus, body mass index and age established six homogeneous subgroups of patients for nonfatal myocardial infarction and revascularization. Maximum Revascularization incidence after 50 months was 17.8% and Maximum Nonfatal myocardial infarction was 9.7%.
Conclusion: CAD patients can reduce serious cardiac events by controling their weight and diabetes status, after receiving stent.
Ali Ganji, Ghasem Mosayebi, Mohsen Khaki, Ali Ghazavi,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: COVID-19, a viral respiratory illness. In this review, we discuss issues such as the genetic structure, pathogenic mechanism, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 based on the latest findings.
Materials and Methods: The Medline was searched for terms such as “Coronavirus” ،“ COVID-19” and “Respiratory infection”.
Findings: In December 2019, the unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia with unknown etiology began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The cause was a new coronavirus, named COVID-19 by the WHO. This virus has high transmissibility and affects the lower respiratory tract. Research into the mechanism and treatment of COVID-19 is under way, and new information is being provided every day, some of which are contradictory. COVID-19 is a serious and dangerous infectious disease and a significant threat to the health of the world's population, and should be prevented from spreading rapidly.
Conclusion: Because the exact mechanisms of the disease have not been fully elucidated and specific drug or vaccine have not yet been developed for it, control is mainly based on the interruption of the transmission cycle.
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Javadi, Maryam Sajadian,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
This article has no abstract.
Ayatollah Fathi, Solmaz Sadeghi, Ali Akbar Maleki Rad, Hossein Rostami, Karim Abdolmohammadi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Anxiety is one of the clinical signs of viral diseases such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can threaten the immune system. This study aims to investigate the effect of health-promoting lifestyle and psychological well-being on COVID-19-induced anxiety in non-medical students
Methods & Materials: This is an analytical/correlational study conducted on 307 non-medical students of Islamic Azad University in Tabriz, Iran, who were participated voluntarily in the study. They completed the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale developed by Alipour et al. (2019), Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB), and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) developed by Walker et al. (1987). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 20 software by using the stepwise regression analysis
Ethical Considerations: This research conducted based on the Ethical Committee of University of Tabriz (TABRIZU.REC.1399.018).
Results: Two SPWB components of “personal growth” and “positive relations with others” were able to predict the COVID-19-induced anxiety, which together explained 72% of anxiety variance in students. Moreover, two HPLP components of “spiritual growth” and “responsibility” could predict the COVID-19-induced anxiety and together explained 9% of the anxiety variance.
Conclusion: Promoting personal and spiritual growth, having positive relations with others, and responsibility can significantly reduce the anxiety induced by the COVID-19.
Mohammad Parastesh, Jalil Moradi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has reduced the physical activity of people worldwide. The purpose of this study is to provide a practical guide for performing physical activities at home during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods & Materials: The study was conducted by using library method and reviewing the books and articles on home-based physical activity, to provide a scientific basis for performing physical activity at home. In this regard, various physical activities with and without equipment at homes were examined.
Ethical Considerations: This article is a review article with no human or animal sample.
Results: Home-based practical suggestions for staying active and cope with its physical and psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic were reported walking or running on a treadmill, the use of stationary bikes, and body weight resistance exercise, in addition to aerobic exercise.
Conclusion: This proposed physical activity programs can be used during the pandemic at home by people with sedentary lifestyle.
Mehrdad Nasrollahzadeh Sabet, Mohammad Foad Heidari, Mohammad Khanalipour, Saadat Allah Ghaffari, Milad Jafari Ashiani, Sajjad Biglari, Emran Esmaeilzadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Since late 2019, with the emergence of a new type of coronavirus that causes a new respiratory disease called COVID-19, there have been many concerns about the spread of this disease and how to deal with it. Due to the ability of the virus to be transmitted rapidly, diagnosing the infected individuals in the early stages for isolating them is critical. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of Computed Tomography (CT) scan in diagnosing COVID-19.
Methods & Materials: Participants were 212 patients admitted to hospital with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Demographic information, medical history, symptoms, and the chest CT scan results were collected and analyzed. Finally, the power of CT scans in the diagnosis of this disease was compared with the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) molecular test.
Ethical Considerations: This study received ethical approval from the ethics committee of AJA University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.AJAUMS.REC.1399.091).
Results: The sensitivity of CT scan in the diagnosis of COVID-19 was relatively high, but its false-positive results were also high.
Conclusion: CT scan is a relatively sensitive method for diagnosing COVID-19, but caution should be made due to its high false-positive results which can lead to increased financial burden on the health system.
Zhilla Heydarpoor, Leila Valizadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been many concerns about the transmission of the virus from the mother to the infant. This is more important due to the need for the management of breastfeeding. This study aims to review the latest studies on breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods & Materials: This is a review study on articles about breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic published from December 2019 to May 2020. The search was conducted in SID, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Ovid, and MagIran databases using the keywords:New coronavirus, COVID-19, breast milk, and breastfeeding
Ethical Considerations: All ethical principles in writing this article have been observed according to the instructions of the National Ethics Committee and the COPE regulations.
Results: So far, there is no evidence of COVID-19 virus in breast milk or its transmission through breastfeeding. All mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 should continue to breastfeed their infants in accordance with the hygiene and respiratory precautions.
Conclusion: Breastfeeding protects the baby against infectious diseases. Given that the studies reported the absence of COVID-19 virus in breast milk are very limited, this study can help mothers manage breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since there are still many unknowns of this emerging disease, more studies are needed on managing breastfeeding in this pandemic.
Mozhgan Hashemieh,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In December 2019, the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, and then spread rapidly around the world, such that the World Health Organization reported it as a pandemic. This study aims to review the epidemiological findings, transmission methods, clinical manifestations, radiological symptoms, prognosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children, as well as the differences caused by the virus between children and adults.
Methods & Materials: The search was conducted in databases such as PubMod, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar using the keywords “COVID-19”, “Coronavirus”, “Children”, and “Pandemic”.
Ethical Considerations: Ethical principles have been observed in accordance with the guidelines of the National Ethics Committee and the COPE regulations.
Results: Most of the data related to COVID-19 are related to the course of this disease in adults and related information for children is limited. Most findings suggested that the course of the disease is milder in children and the infection caused by the virus has a better prognosis in children. Due to the mild clinical symptoms in children, many of them are not diagnosed in the early stages of the infection. With the increase in the number of cases worldwide, the prevalence of this disease in children is certainly increasing.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has milder clinical symptoms and a better prognosis in children. Today, no vaccine or antiviral drug has been developed for this disease; hence, prevention is the best solution.
