Mahbobe Ebadi, Fatemeh Hoseini, Fateme Pahlevan, Mohammad Esmaeilzade Akhoundi, Vahid Farhadi, Roqaye Asqari,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (8-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory in patients with major depression.
Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest and post-test and follow-up with control group. The research population comprised female outpatient referrals to private psychiatric centers and psychological counseling centers in Tehran in the first half of 2016, They had received a diagnosis of depression by a psychiatrist at least once. Of these, 30 females were selected as a sample group with convenience sampling method and based on the criteria of inclusion and exclusion and were divided randomly into two groups , experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) group. The experimental group received transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in 10 sessions, While this intervention was not provided to the control group. The data were collected by N-BACK. Analysis of variance with repeated measurments was used to test the research hypothesis.
Results: The results showed that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) had a significant effect on increasing working memory and the impact will continue to follow up.
Conclusion: Therefore, this approach can be used to improve working memory in people with major depression.
Maryam Rahimi Tesiye, Farhad Valizadegan, Shahrbanoo Oryan,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Working memory is a dynamic neural system for temporarily maintaining and processing of information. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the main processing center of Working memory by using different neurotransmitter systems communicate with other brain structures such as Basolateral Amygdala (BLA). In this study, we investigated the role of Opioidergic system in medial PFC and Dopaminergic system of BLA nucleus in working memory based on RAM test.
Materials and Methods: In this study, The male Wistar rats were used. Rats were cannulated with stereotaxic surgery in mPFC and BLA sites. After a recovery period, they were microinjected. Parameters such as working and reference memory errors were calculated with DSWS protocol.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.UMZ.REC.1397.23 has been approved by Bioethics Committee at Mazandaran University, Iran.
Findings: High doses of Morphine (2 µg/rat) intra mPFC and Chloropromazine (2 µg/rat) intra BLA have improving effects on working and reference memory (p≤0.05). Low (0.005 µg/rat) and high dose (0.5 µg/rat) of Apomorphine had improving {(p≤0.05), (p≤0.01)} and the moderate dose (0.05 µg/rat) of it had decreasing effect on working and reference memory (p≤0.01). Microinjection of Morphine (0.5 µg/rat) with triple doses of Chloropromazine had no significant change on working and reference memory errors. Interaction of Morphine (0.5 µg/rat) with different doses of Apomorphine could change Apomorphine different effects. Coadministration of different doses of Apomorphine with effective dose of Chloropromazine (2 µg/rat) and Morphine (2 µg/rat) decreased the working and reference memory errors.
Conclusion: Our findings showed that in processing of working and reference memory, opioidergic system in mPFC and dopaminergic system in BLA, are interacting reciprocally.
Mohammad Parastesh, Ali Yasavoli Sharahi, Jalil Moradi, Behzad Aria,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: Physical and cognitive fitness are crucial in futsal, making the identification of effective training methods essential. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, working memory, and selected physical fitness factors (aerobic and anaerobic capacity) in adolescent futsal players.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 15–16-year-old futsal players from Arak city with at least three years of club experience (approved by Arak University Ethics Committee, code: IR.ARAKU.RCE.1401.027). Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to HIIT1 (10×1-minute intervals with 1-minute rest) or HIIT2 (3×4-minute intervals with 2-minute rest) groups, training for eight weeks. Aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, plasma BDNF levels, and working memory were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using Paired and Independent T-tests (p <0.05).
Results: The HIIT1 group showed significant improvements in aerobic capacity (p=0.001) and BDNF levels (p=0.001). Similarly, HIIT2 demonstrated significant increases in aerobic capacity (p=0.001), anaerobic capacity (p=0.014), and BDNF levels (p=0.001). Working memory showed no significant changes in either group (p=0.780), with no between-group differences observed.
Conclusions: Both HIIT protocols significantly improved aerobic capacity and BDNF levels, while only HIIT2 enhanced anaerobic capacity. Neither protocol affected working memory. HIIT appears effective for enhancing physiological and physical fitness factors in adolescent futsal players.
