Showing 5 results for Tg
Seyed Mahmod Tabatabaei, Mahmoud Reza Baghi Nia, Mansor Beirami, Ali Akbar Malekirad,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background: Approximately 15-20% of pregnancies terminate to abortion. More than 50% of spontaneous abortions in 8-15 weeks pregnant mothers are related to genetically abnormalities. So, approximately 95% of them are related to numerical and 5% structural chromosome aberrations. Until now, neither of known human chromosomal abnormalities are treatable, and only way against these diseases limit to prenatal diagnosis and abortion of affected fetuses. The purpose of this study was determined the chromosome aberrations with cytogenetically methods. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional analytic study, 56 aborted fetuses were studied to detection of abnormalities frequency. Amnion-chorine culture, placenta, fetal tissue and aborted products from metaphase cells for gathering metaphase cells were used. Results: After cell culture, chromosome typing and GTG-banding Technique, trisomy 21 with highest frequency (12.5%) and isochromosomy 21, X and monosomy X with lowest frequency (1.8% for each them) was resulted. Conclusion: Not only chromosomal aberrations have important role in recurrent miscarriages, but also frequency rates of chromosomal aberrations in our country are similarity with other countries. Also cytogenetically diagnostic methods such as GTG-banding are a powerful and reliable technique for investigation of parents with recurrent abortion.
Ali Zarei, Saeed Ashtiyani, Fatemeh Rasekh, Ali Asghar Mohamadi, Ayob Gabari,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (5-2011)
Abstract
Background: Hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effects of physalis alkekengi extract on the levels of cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and triglycerides (TG) were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fifty adult male Wistar strain rats were selected and divided into five groups of ten: Control group with a normal diet, control group with a high fat diet receiving interpritoneal injection of saline for 21 days, and treatment groups with fatty diets which received maximum (0.1 g/kg), moderate (0.2 g/kg), and minimum (0.4 g/kg) dose interpritoneal injections of the extract. After this period, blood sampling was done and the obtained results were analyzed through SPSS software.
Results: According to the obtained results, LDL and cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly (P<0.05), whereas HDL and TG plasma concentrations did not reveal any significant changes.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show that such changes are mainly due to the lycopene existing in the plant. Lycopene is a strong antioxidant which inhibits the production of LDL and presumably increases the excretories through releasing cholesterol therefore, it reduces blood cholesterol level and controls cholesterol synthesis.
Arezo Eshghinejad, Aliasghar Farazi, Babak Eshrati, Hamid Khalili, Mana Shojapour, Aazam Ahmadi, Mohamad Arjmandzadegan,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background: Differentiation of M. tuberculosis complex organisms were assigned to one of three genotypic groups based on the combinations of polymorphisms at katG codon 463 and gyrA codon 95. Early identification of strains belonging to any particular group is very important. This study was planned to identify major genetic groups of clinically isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study 33 sputum samples were collected from tuberculosis patients of the Markazi province. DNA purification from isolated samples was performed by Chelex 100. Identification of isolates was confirmed by detection of katG gene and the mutation in KatG463 by using PCR method and RFLP respectively. Finally 620-bp of katG gene and 194-bp of gyrA gene purified from PCR product were sequenced. Results: Amplification of 620-bp fragment of katG gene was a good way to confirm the detection of bacteria as a molecular approach. Results of sequencing codon GyrA95 in combination by results of PCR-RFLP determined type of the major genetic group (MGG). Therefore it showed that among the 33 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates 12 samples were MGG 1, 15 Samples were MGG2 and 6 samples were MGG 3. Results revealed that MGG 2 was dominant form of M. tuberculosis strains of Markazi province by frequency of 45.5%. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study MGG2 occurrence was more frequent among clinical strains in Markazi province that its accordance with susceptibility of these strains to conventional antibiotics is notable. In this study, three applicable benefits from the test as: MGG typing, molecular detection of M. tuberculosis and bacterial resistance to Isoniazid were proven.
Ghasem Mohammadnezhad, Hassan Matin Homayi, Farshad Ghazalian,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Tendon is the extracellular matrix of the muscle that mechanically and structurally adapts to the mechanical load. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this adaptation are not known yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training on expression of two Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) and myostatin genes in the tendon of fast- and slow-twitch muscles including Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) and Soleus (SOL).
Methods & Materials: Twelve male Wistar rats with 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=6) and control (n=6). The exercise group performed resistance training (Carrying weights with 40-160% body weight on the ladder) for 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, all rats were sacrificed and the tendons of SOL and EDL muscles were extracted. The mRNA expression level of TGF-β1 and myostatin genes was assayed using real time polymerase chain reaction. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis.
Ethical Considerations: All experiments on animals were according to the ethical guidelines of Research Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch (ethical code: IR.IAU.PS.REC.1398.296)
Results: The expression of TGF-β1 gene in EDL (P≤0.001) and SOL (P≤0.01) muscle tendons significantly increased, while the expression of myostatin gene in EDL (P≤0.001) and SOL (P≤0.05) tendons were significantly reduced.
Conclusion: Resistance training appears to up-regulate the basal levels of TGF-β1 gene and down-regulate the basal levels of myostatin gene in tendons of fast- and slow-twitch muscles, where these effects are significantly more pronounced in the tendon of fast-twitch muscle.
Ghasem Mohammadnezhad, Hasan Matin Homaee, Farshad Ghazalian,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Tendon, like the skeletal muscle, exhibits mechanical and morphological adaptations resulted from exercise training; however, little is known about the basic cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate these responses. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic training on the TGF-β1, myostatin and MMP9 mRNAs expression in the tendon of fast- and slow-twitch muscles.
Methods & Materials For this purpose, 12 male Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (n=6) and control (n=6). The exercise group performed aerobic training for 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, all rats were sacrificed and the tendons of soleus and Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscles were extracted. Expression of TGF-β1, myostatin and MMP9 mRNAs were assayed using RealTime-PCR. Independent t-test was also used for statistical analysis.
Ethical Considerations: All stages of the study were conducted according to the ethical guidelines and authorization of Research Deputy of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch No. IR.IAU.PS.REC.1398.296.
Results: The results showed that the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in EDL and soleus tendons significantly increased (P≤0.001), whereas the expression of myostatin in EDL tendon was significantly reduced (P≤ 0.001). Increased mRNA expression of MMP9 in the tendon of EDL and soleus muscles was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise can modulate the expression of genes involved in the regulation of tendon collagen in a muscle type-dependent manner.
