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Introduction: Children play an important role in the future of every country. In under developed countries like Iran, because of cultural and economic poverty, most children have malnutrition which will be result in physical and psychological growth disorders. In as much as zinc is one of the most important and essential elements in metabolism of different substances and human growth, this study was conducted to determine the effect of zinc supplementation on percentile weight of children with growth disorders.
Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effect of zinc sulfate syrup on increasing the weight and percentile weight of children, a double-blind clinical trial was conducted in 70 children aging 9 to 36 months. The subjects lacked any associated disease-by laboratory testing. Thirty-five children consume zinc sulfate syrup 0.6% for three months (case group) and other consume daily placebo for the same time and dose (control group). The increase of weight percentile of children were measured in three times with the interval of one month.
Results: Our findings showed that during three months, the average amount of increasing in weight percentile was 4.5% and 3.7%, respectively. T test showed that the comparison of increasing in weight percentile between two groups was not significant
Conclusion: This investigation revealed that zinc supplementation had not any remarkable effects on increasing of weight and weight percentile of children with growth disorders.

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Background: In recent years, studies have been conducted on the role of coenzyme Q10 in improvement of sport performance and also cardiovascular health. The present study investigate effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation combined with swimming aerobic exercises on Heart Rate Deflection Point (HRDP) and VO2max in active women.

Materials and Methods: A number of 32 trained women with the average age of 21/25 ± 0.86 years and Body Mass Index (BMI) of 20/127± 1.06 kg/square meter were selected randomly and were divided into eight -member each groups: Control, Supplement, Supplement – Exercise and Exercise. The subjects participated in four-week consumption of coenzyme Q10 and swimming exercises (three sessions in a week).The consumption rate of coenzyme Q10 100 mg/kg/d was in the form of capsule that subjects took it during lunchtime. Before and after a four-week period, the subjects performed an incremental exhaustive test on treadmill, using respiratory gas analyzer to determine HRDP and VO2max. It should be noted that data analysis was conducted using One-Way Variance Analysis Test (ANOVA) in P<0.05 significant level.

Results: Based on paired T-Test results, despite HRDP had increased in each four groups but the significant increase was observed only among groups in VO2max (P=0.008) based on ANOVA Test (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Although positive changes were observed inside the group after passage of four weeks, coenzyme Q10 supplementation combined with swimming aerobic exercise had not any significant effect on HRDP only increased VO2max.

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Background: Few studies have examined the effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).This study was conducted to determine the effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles among overweight women with PCOS.

Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 104 overweight and obess women with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups to receive: 1) 1000 mg/d calcium+ vitamin D placebo; 2) 50000 IU/weeks vitamin D; 3) 1000 mg calcium/d and 4) calcium placebo + vitamin D placebo for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks intervention to measure metabolic profiles.

Results: After administrating calcium plus vitamin D supplementation, a significant decrease was observed in serum insulin (-3.3±11.4 vs.-1.1±8.5, -1.4±3.0 and +3.1±6.1 µIU/ml, p=0.03), insulin resistance (-0.7±2.4 vs.-0.3±2.5, -0.2±0.6 and +0.8±1.9, p=0.04), malondialdehyde (-0.6±0.3 vs.-0.1±0.2, -0.5±0.2 and +0.6±0.4 µmol/L, p=0.009) and a significant rise was seen in total antioxidant capacity (+35.2±21.7 vs.+22.5±37.7, +21.1±34.1 and -153.8±65.2 mmol/L, p=0.006) and glutathione (+216.0±79.3 vs.-47.5±60.2, +3.9±31.3 and -160.8±82.9 µmol/L, p=0.001) compared with vitamin D, calcium and placebo groups.

Conclusion: In conclusion, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation for eight weeks among women with PCOS had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.

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Background: High intensity training can lead to lower the appetite. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of folate supplementation on ghrelin level of stomach and insulin level of serum in male wistar rats during 10 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT).

Materials and Methods: Twenty seven male Wistar rats (weight= 203.94±27.34 gr, Age: 9 weeks) after one week familiarization, were randomly divided into four groups: control (n=6), folate supplementation (n=6), (HIIT) (n=7) and HIIT+ folate supplement (n=8). HIIT training protocol started with 30 m/min running on treadmill for 1 min with 10 reps and 2 min active rest at the first week and reached to 75-80 m/min for 1 min with 7 reps and 3 min active rest at last 3 weeks. Acylated ghrelin level of stomach tissue and serum level of insulin were assayed by ELISA kit.

Results: The results of Kruskal-vallis analysis showed that the ghrelin level of stomach was increased significantly (p=0.001) in folate+HIIT in compare with HIIT group. Also, insulin level of serum was decreased significantly (p=0.001) in folate +HIIT in compare with control and HIIT groups.

Conclusion: Based on our results, folate supplementation during high intensity interval training, increased the ghrelin of stomach and decreased the insulin level of serum. So, it seems that folate supplementation can prevent from losing appetite in athletes who train with high intensity training with interval type.

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Abstract

Background: We are aware of no study evaluating the effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic profiles of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on glucose homeostasis parameters in PCOS women.

Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 52 women diagnosed with PCOS and aged 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to receive 220 mg zinc sulfate (containing 50 mg zinc) supplements (n=26) or placebo (n=26) per day for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention to quantify glucose and insulin.

Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, zinc-supplemented patients had reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (-4.3±9.6 vs. +0.5±6.0 mg/dL, p=0.03), serum insulin (-3.0 ± 2.9 vs. + 1.5 ± 8.4 µIU/ml, p=0.01), serum triglycerides levels (-15.6±40.3 vs. +14.5±25.3 mg/dL, p=0.002) and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity (+0.02±0.02 vs. -0.004±0.05, p=0.03) compared with the placebo.

Conclusion: Taken together, 220 mg zinc sulfate supplementation per day for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.

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Background and Aim: Exercise aerobic is associated with increased creatine kinase and blood lactate immediately after exercise, leading to increased muscle damage and undesirable changes in many cellular markers including serum creatine kinase. In such situations, consuming nutrients and supplements such as coenzyme Q10 may prevent metabolic stress damage by increasing buffering power. However, comprehensive studies have not been performed on the effects of this nutrient on the index of muscle injury and fatigue caused by exercise.
Methods & Materials: For this purpose, 20 inactive volunteer men were randomly divided into two groups of 10-person Coenzyme Q10 supplement (2.5 mg/kg body weight) and quasi-drug (2.5 mg/kg body weight Dextrose). All subjects participated in the Bruce test exercise contract after 14 days of supplementation. Blood sampling was performed in four stages including baseline, after supplementation, immediately after exercise and two hours after exercise. Creatine kinase, lactate and cortisol indices of both groups were measured during these four stages. Data were analyzed by means of standard deviation and repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc and Independent T-test using SPSS V. 17 at the significant level of 0.05.
Ethical Considerations: This article has been approved by the ethics committee of Tabriz School of Medical Sciences with the ethics code IRCT 201203104663N8.
Results: The results showed that 14 days of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation had a significant effect on cortisol level (P<0.05). In addition, one session of exhausting aerobic activity increased creatinine kinase and lactate (P<0.05). On the other hand, creatinine kinase did not differ significantly after exercise (P>0.05). 
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, 14-day supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 may reduce the cellular damage induced by exhaustive aerobic activity in inactive men and prevent an increase in blood lactate levels.