Showing 5 results for Radiation
Ahmad Ameri, Jamshid Ansari, Majid Mokhtari, Ali Chehrei,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Radiotherapy after breast cancer surgery will increase local control of the disease and also increase overall survival. Radiation have some side effects on lung function. In different radiotherapy techniques, these side effects are different. Pulmonary function tests and oxygen saturation are methods for evaluation of these complications. In this study we decide to campare pulmonary complications in two radiotherapy methods. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study fifty one patients with breast cancer in stage II and III according to TNM staging system, which were under modified radical mastectomy in Imam Hosein hospital and refered for adjuvant radiotherapy, randomly divided in two groups. In one group patients were treated with three field technique and in others with four field technique. All patients received total dose of 48-50 Gy. For patients, pulmonary function test and pulse oxymetery were done once before initiation of radiotherapy and then one and three months after radiotherapy. Results: Measurement of FEV1 , FVC and show that no significant statistical difference was present between the two groups one month and three months after radiotherapy, also in each of the two groups the amount of FEV1 , FVC and one month after radiotherapy had no significant statistical difference in comparison to baseline tests but FEV1 and FVC after three months was decreased and had significant statistical difference respectively (p<0.001, p<0.006). SO2 had no significant defference between the two groups and also in each group after one and three month of radiotherapy. Conclusion: Locoregional radiotherapy of breast and lymph nodes areas causes a decrease in some parameter of pulmonary function tests but no difference was present between three field and four field techniques.
Reza Tajik, Hasan Asilian Mohabadi, Ali Khavanin, Ahmad Joneidi Jafari, Ardalan Soleimanian,
Volume 15, Issue 8 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Poly chlorinated biphenyls (PBCs) are the group of organic chemical materials that have a great chemical stability. These compounds are hazardous pollutants which pose various occupational and environmental problems. This study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave rays, hydrogen peroxide, Tio2 catalyst, and ethanol on the decomposition of PBCs. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a vessel reactor (250ml volume)that was connected with a tube connector to thecondensor system was used. A microwave oven with a fixed frequency of 2450 MHZ was used to provide microwave irradiation and ray powers used at 540, 720 and 900w. pH and temperature of the samples were continuously monitored and the experiments were repeated three times. Askarel oils were analyzed by GC-ECD. Results: The mean of total PCBS degradation at 540, 720, and 900w was 83.88±1.63, 89.27±2.44, and 95.98±0.81%, respectively. The mean of total PCBS degradation in terms of ratio to solvent with oil transformer in 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 was 53.8±3.26, 79.04±1.24, and 95.08±1.69%, respectively. The mean of total PCBS degradation in terms of not using H2o2/Tio2 and using H2O2 (20%) and 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 g of Tio2 concurrently was 71.47±0.81, 87.9±2.16, 89.48±1.69, 91.7±1.24, and 93.07±3.09 %, respectively. Conclusion: Using microwave irradiation in the presence of H2O2 oxidant and Tio2 catalyst leads to the reduction of PCBS.
Fatholah Mohaghegh , Mehran Mohseni, Nasrin Robatmili, Mohamad Reza Bayatiani , Fatemeh Seif, Nayyer Sadat Mostafavi,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Radiation therapy is the destruction of cancer cells that in all patients with breast cancer reduces tumor recurrence, relieves pain in local tumors and metastases. There are different treatment methods around the world such as electron, photon alone or a combination of both types of fields.
Materials and Methods: In this study, photon therapy (PT) and mixed photon-electron therapy (MPET) were used to treat malignancies of the supraclavicular lymph nodes. 30 patients with right-sided breast cancer with local lymph node metastasis were recruited. The ISOgray software was utilized to collect data about treatment planning methods with PT and MPET.
Findings: The maximum and mean delivered doses of radiation to the supraclavicular region were 52.08±1.64, 42.59±0.51 Gy and 54.24±1.64, 43.67±0.43 Gy in the PT and MPET methods, respectively. The mean irradiated volumes of supraclavicular fossa that received 90% of the radiation dose were 59.74±1.94% and 70.26±0.94% in the PT and MPET methods, respectively (p=0.004). The maximum doses delivered to the spine were 14.66±1.9 Gy and 10.22±0.92 Gy and the thyroid were 42.62±3.1 Gy and 37.67±5.02 Gy in the PT and MPET methods, respectively.
Conclusion: The maximum doses delivered to the spine and thyroid significantly diminished by the novel method. Additionally, supraclavicular region received higher maximum and mean doses in the new treatment modality compared to the conventional methods. The new method improved dose coverage for the tumor.
Ailar Sabbaghi, Mohsen Zargar, Amir Ghaemi, Farahnaz Motamedi-Sedeh, Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim We need the next-generation of whole-inactivated influenza vaccines to create stronger cross-protection against different influenza subtypes. This research aimed to apply the inactivation process of the influenza virus through gamma radiation as a candidate for the development of whole-inactivated vaccines.
Methods and Materials The influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34 (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 [H1N1]) was propagated in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. After ultrafiltration, the virus infectivity titer was calculated by 50% Tissue Culture Infectious Dose (TCID 50%) method based on the Karber formula. Alternatively, the gamma cell-220 was applied for virus inactivation via gamma rays. The D10 value factor and optimum dose of virus inactivation were calculated based on the dose/survival curve and the initial viral titer. In addition, antigenic properties of irradiated viruses compared to un-irradiated viruses and complete inactivation of the irradiated samples with optimum dose were also evaluated by hemagglutination assay and safety test, respectively.
Ethical Considerations The Research Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Iran approved this study (Code: IR.IAU.TMU.REC.1397.309).
Results According to the concentrated virus titer (TCID50: 105.75/ml) and dose/survival curve, the D10 value factor and optimum dose of virus inactivation were calculated at 4.878 and 28.048 kGy, respectively. On the other hand, owing to the results obtained from the safety test and hemagglutination assay, the optimum dose of virus inactivation was determined to be 28 kGy by maintaining the antigenic properties.
Conclusion Gamma radiation appears to be a good candidate for vaccine development through maintaining the antigenic structures.
Mohammad Ranjbarian, Korosh Etemad, Fatemeh Zarei, Rozita Farhadi, Jalaledin Sa´di,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: It is almost impossible to imagine life without electromagnetic waves. Such waves play a key role in the function of melatonin and create numerous diseases.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 230 kV substations in Golestan Province, Iran in 2016. In total, 44 workers of electrical substations (the case group) and 23 workers of healthcare centers (the control group) with 24-hour shift works were enrolled in this study.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University Medical Sciences( Code: IR.SBMU.THNS.REC.1395.9).
Results: The obtained data suggested that 100% of the electric field intensity and the magnetic flux density measured at the substations were within the permissible range of occupational exposure. The mean level of melatonin in the case group was lower than that in the control group; however, no significant difference was observed in this regard (P=0.761). Additionally, there was no significant difference between melatonin level and age (P=0.381), work experience (P=0.213), job groups (P=0.515), and employee activity area (P=0.482).
Conclusion: According to this study, no significant relationship was observed between electromagnetic waves and melatonin levels. Moreover, electromagnetic waves were within the permissible exposure. Thus, electromagnetic waves did not affect the level of melatonin hormone in male employees of 230 kV substations in Golestan Province. However, there was a decrease in the case group, compared to the controls. Therefore, definite comments require further investigation.
