Fatemeh Momeni, Afrooz Nakhostin, Mojtaba Bayani,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Periostin acts as necessary protein in tissue development and has a key role in tooth-supporting tissues such as periodontal ligament. The effect of inflammation on reducing periostin level has been shown in some studies. The aim of this study was to compare the salivary and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) periostin levels in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy peers.
Methods & Materials: In this matched case-control study, 106 participants (53 patients with chronic periodontitis and 53 healthy controls) were studies after signing a informed consent form. They were matched for age, gender, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The GCF and salivary samples were collected from all participants and were assessed using standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The statistical analysis was conducted in Stata V. 11.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.34).
Results: The salivary and GCF periostin levels was significantly lower in patients than in healthy subjects (P<0.001). Moreover, the periostin levels was significantly different based on periodontal parameters (P<0.001).
Conclusion: There is association between the incidence of chronic periodontitis and salivary and GCF periostin levels. Hence, the periostin may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis and prevention of its progression.
Kurosh Farhadtoski, Mojtaba Bayani, Hamid Sarlak, Zohreh Salimi,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic periodontitis is the most prevalent form of periodontitis and it generally considered as a progressive inflammatory disease. Environmental and systemic factors can alter the immune response to biofilm and lead to progressive degenerative disease. Chronic periodontitis is defined as an infectious disease that causes inflammation in the tooth-supporting tissues, periodontal attachment loss, and bone loss. Identification of risk factors for this disease is important. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the risk factors for chronic periodontitis.
Methods & Materials: This case-control study was conducted on 120 periodontitis patients and 120 healthy controls in Arak, Iran. A questionnaire was used to estimate their Socio-Economic Status (SES) and survey demographic and risk factors. For the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis, the identification of plaque accumulation site and clinical examination were performed. To investigate the association of chronic periodontitis with study variables, multilevel logistic regression analysis was used in STATA V. 11 software.
Ethical Considerations: This study obtained its ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences under code: 1397.145.
Results: The Odds Ratio (OR) of chronic periodontitis in adults aged above 30 years was 2.91 (95% CI: 1.01-8.73). Compared to subjects with low SES, the OR of chronic periodontitis was 2.28 (95% CI: 1.22- 4.27) in those with moderate SES and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.79-0.98) in those with high SES. Compared to patients who did not brush their teeth, the OR of chronic periodontitis was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.39-0.89) in patients reported toothbrushing. Compared to those who reported changing toothbrush sooner than 3 months, the OR was 4.96 (95% CI: 2.27-11.3) in those their changed their toothbrush for more than 6 months interval. The OR of chronic periodontitis in current smokers was 3.09 (95% CI: 1.52-4.76).
Conclusion: Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, tooth brushing, and SES are the risk factors associated with chronic periodontitis.
