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Background: Hospitals need performance evaluation systems for development and competition in order to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of their plans, processes and human resources. The objective of this research is to design an evaluation system at hospitals through the use of the Balanced Scorecard. Methods and Materials: In this comparative study, the selected countries consisted of Australia, USA, Canada and New Zealand, and 34 public hospitals of Iran which were applying strategic planning. Performance evaluations were examined in terms of 6 aspects including mission, vision, strategies, perspectives, objectives and measures .A pattern was designed for performance evaluation of public hospitals in Iran and was validated using experts’ survey of DELFI method. Results: All countries had mission and vision as important aspects of their performance evaluation model while health effectiveness promotion was the most important strategy. High quality health services, resource development, innovation and guaranty in continuous services were other strategies. Perspectives of Balanced Scorecard included customer, internal processes, learning and development of staff and financial affairs. All of the countries had objectives and measures for each of the perspectives. Iranian hospitals had mission, vision, strategies and objectives but for them perspectives had not been defined and measures were not congruent with strategies and objectives. In the model, 4 perspectives were determined to describe hospital strategies and to use competition benefits as well. Conclusion: Applying measures of 4 perspectives including "Patients and Community", "Internal process and Productivity", "Growth and innovation" and "financial aspects" to doevaluation of Iranian public hospitals collates their performance, improves productivity of their resources and enhances patients and community satisfaction.

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Background: Nowadays, many Iranian families, depending on the family members’ level of interest, tend to keep pet animals. Psychological studies have rarely dealt with the impact of pets on family performance and individuals’ mental health. The purpose of this study was to compare family performance and mental health in individuals who own pets and those who do not. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 152 participants (80 pet keeping and 72 non-pet keeping) living in Isfahan were selected through stratified random sampling and completed Family Assessment Device (FAD), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and a demographic questionnaire. Data analysis was done through multivariate regression and covariance analysis. Results: The results indicated significant differences between the pet keeping and non-pet keeping groups in terms of anxiety, sleep disorders, relationships, and emotional involvement therefore, it can be concluded that non-pet keeping individuals have more anxiety and sleep disorder symptoms, whereas pet keeping individuals present more problems in terms of emotional involvement and their relationships(p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that in keeping pets, greater attention should be to cultural factors. Also, in some circumstances keeping pets should be recommended for reduction of anxiety and elevation of sense of security and relaxation.

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Background: Today, the consumption of junk food as a snack among children, especially in elementary school students is on the rise. This research has measured Theory of Planned Behavior constructs in this field.

Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study that was carried out on 217 primary school students in Arak city in 2015. Students were selected according to cluster sampling method. Data collection instrument was a researcher-developed questionnaire consisting of theory of planned behavior constructs such as attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and performance. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire was studied before the study. Multivariate linear regression model was used to determine the most important predictive constructs of students behavior.

Results: In this study, the mean and standard deviation score of attitude (75.41±12.42), subjective norm (78.25±11.20), perceived behavioral control (63.69±17.06), behavicral intention (76.26±15.44), and performance (48.84±24.44) were observed. Based on the results, perceived behavioral control could predict 23 percent change in behavior. There was a direct correlation between the score of constructs and performance(p<0.05). Moreover, there were not any significant differences(p>0.05) between students nutrition and age(r=0.019), weight (r=0.07), height (r=0.12) and BMI (r=0.07).

Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that positive attitude and self-esteem must taken into account to control students diet, in the design of interventions to prevent consuming junk food.

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Abstract

Background: Evaluation of performance is one of the hardest aspects of management responsibilities. Today, performance evaluation process is a characteristic of work world that can be useful in making workforce more effective. This study aimed to assess the job performance and its determinants in healthcare workers.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional and descriptive –analytical study conducted in capitation way on all workers in healthcare centers and health houses of Islamabad-e Gharb city in 2016. Data collection tools were questionnaires of demographics and job performance of Hersey and Goldsmith. Descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA and Independent sample T-test used in order to data analysis.

Results: The mean and standard deviation of job performance score was 52.5± 9. There was a significant relationship between job performance with sex and education level (p<0.05). Also, there were significant relationships between feedback and environment with sex, and support aspect with type of employment (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Success and progress of each organization is based on high levels of job performance in its employees. Solutions such increasing salary and providing good physical environment, can be useful to improve job performance of employees.

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Background and Aim: one of the key concepts in physical education and sport science is the process of talent identification. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of PPARα gene polymorphism on some of the athletic performances of non-athlete 10-12-year-old children. Materials and Methods: The present project was carried out in the form of semi-experimental and field-based research with salivary sampling. To determine the polymorphism of the genes, the methods used included saliva sampling, salvary DNA extraction and PCR-RFLP method and exercise tests included the Shuttle run, standing broad jump and 20m sprint. Our subjects consisted of 118 non-athletic healthy boys of Marand from 10 to 12 years old. After comparison with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, frequency of genotype was tested with Leven, Fisher and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Using one-way covariance analysis, the mean group phenotypes was compared with each other. Type of polymorphism as a predestine variable and the athletic performances of 20m shuttle run, standing broad jump and 20m sprint test were considered as the criterion variable. All analyzes were performed by SPSS 22. Findings: The results showed that the subjects with PPARα gene GG polymorphism had better performance in the endurance tests than subjects with CC and GC polymorphism. Conclusion: It can be concluded that GG polymorphism is related to the endurance activities, but CC and GC polymorphisms do not have a particular predominance in the endurance, speed and power activities.

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Introduction: Deep physical and psychological changes in pregnancy can affect women's sexual relations. This study aims to investigate the effect of psychological counseling on problem-solving skills on sexual dysfunction and satisfaction of pregnant women.
Methods: In a pre-test-post-test intervention study, 70 pregnant volunteers meeting the inclusion criteria, referring to health centers in Arak City, and with sexual function and sexual satisfaction questionnaire scores of less than 28 and 42, respectively, were randomly assigned to two intervention groups of 35 and a control group. The intervention group received six counseling sessions based on problem-solving, and both groups received routine care. Rosen's sexual performance questionnaire and Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire were answered by both groups before, immediately, and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was done using Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and Repeated measure tests.
Results: The repeated measure design test showed that immediately and one month after the intervention, the average sexual performance (26.82 ± 1.61 and 28.88 ± 1.1) and sexual satisfaction (39.22 ± 2.27 and 15.15) (43.19 ± 2) compared to the control group (23.69±1.97, 22.63±2.08) (36.23±2.44, 35.06±2.46) compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: This study showed that counseling based on problem-solving improves the performance and sexual satisfaction of pregnant women effectively and can be included in educational protocols during pregnancy to improve the quality of sexual life.