Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences

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Showing 4 results for Mdr

Investigation of C1236T Polymorphism in MDR1 Gene of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Neda Mokhberian, Forouzandeh Mahjoubi, Razieh Pour Ahmad, Mojtaba Alivandi,
Volume 16, Issue 10 (1-2014)

Abstract

Background: Multidrug resistance is the main reason for unsuccessful chemotherapy. The important reason of drug resistance is ATP dependent pumps shus as MDR1 that extrude drugs from the cell. MDR1 is high polymorphic. It seems that polymorphisms influent on gene expression and response to treatment. The aim of this study was investigation of C1236T polymorphism MDR1 gene and it’s association with response of treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, C1236T polymorphism of MDR1 was investigated in 44 acute lymphoblastic leukemia childhood and 40 healthy individual by ARMS-PCR technique. Association of this polymorphism with response to treatment was also investigated. Data were analyzed using Chi-squre test and SPSS software. P values <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results: There was no significant difference in frequencies of C1236T polymorphism between patients and healthy group (p=0.876). Frequency of C1236T polymorphism of MDR1 between responder and non responder was not significant (p=0.304).

Conclusion: It seems that there is no correlation between C1236T polymorphism of MDR1 gene and response to treatment. So the role of C1236T polymorphism in gene expression MDR1 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and response to treatment is still controversial.

Effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing(EMDR) to Reduce the Severity of Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Stuttering With Psychological Origin(Case Study in Child with Four Years Old)

Azam Hashemian Moghadam, Hamidreza Agha Mohammadian Sharbaf, Ali Mashhadi,
Volume 19, Issue 11 (2-2017)

Abstract

Abstract

Background: The present research aimed to measure the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on reducing the severity of symptoms of post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Stuttering in a four-year-old child post-traumatic stress disorder in children is one of the disorders relating to trauma and stressful factors, also, stutterring or word fluency disorder is a nerve growth disorder.

Materials and Methods: This research design was conducted as a case study with a multiple baseline design. Participant in this research was a four-year- old child with Diagnostic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychogenic Stuttering. He had been placed under the intervention with EMDR at Shahid Birjand Counseling Center. The instruments used for this research included demographic researcher-made questionnaire, the third edition of stuttering severity test, the scale of parents’ report of post-traumatic Symptoms and child’s report of posttraumatic Symptoms. Data analysis was done through graphic and descriptive analysis. The data was collected as base line and during the treatment as well as after the treatment and follow-up (in terms of 3 and 24 months).

Results: Means percentage improvement (MPI) to reducing the severity of post-traumatic symptoms was achieved as %74.66 and it was %56.06 for reduction of the severity of stuttering and they continued to maintain in the follow-up period.

Conclusion: Results showed that EMDR method had affected on reduction of the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and stuttering intensity.

Study of MDR1 Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Using Nanobiosensor

Farrokh Karimi,
Volume 20, Issue 8 (11-2017)

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Nowadays, drug resistances are the main problems in no response of cancer patients to drug. Identification of molecular mechanisms and causative agents of drug resistance can be important to determine the treatment method in different stages of disease. In this study, for the first time, expression of multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene was studied in colorectal cancer by Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-based nanobiosensor method.
Materials and Methods: At first, a nanobiosensor was designed based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). After optimizing reaction condition to identify target DNA sequence, colorectal cancer patient’s cDNA samples were evaluated by nanbiosensor.
Results: After immobilizing the probe on CNTs, Fluorescence immersion was quenched but by adding complementary DNA, fluorescence again was observed. In hybridization reaction of cDNA with nanobiosensor high significant levels of fluorescence emission was observed in colorectal cancer tumor samples compared normal tissue indicating high level expression of MDR1gene in tumor tissue.
Conclusion: Finally, the evaluation of the expression of MDR1 gene by nanobiosensor indicated that in colorectal cancer tissue MDR1, mRNA level was higher than normal tissue. In addition, the results of this study indicated that carbon nanotubes-based nanobiosensor beside PCR-based method can be used as a very powerful tool for expression studies in human cancers at mRNA levels.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Efflux Pumps in Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in E.coli Isolated from Inpatients in Kermanshah Hospitals in 2013

Maryam Doosti Mohajer, Hamid Pajavand, Ramin Abiri, Amirhooshang Alvandi,
Volume 20, Issue 9 (12-2017)

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance rates in E. coli are rapidly rising, especially with regard to fluoroquinolones. One of the mechanisms that lead to antibiotic resistance is efflux pumps. The aim of this study was phonotypic and genotypic analysis of efflux pump role in fluoroquinolones resistance of E. coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Kermanshah 2013.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 isolates of E. coli were collected from hospitalized patients from Kermanshah. All isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined by disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. The presence of Efflux pump genes was determined by a PCR method.
Results: The rates of resistance to Ceftazidime, Nalidixic Acid, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Gentamicin, and Tetracycline were 73%, 67%, 55%, 54%, 45%, 38%, and 24%, respectively. According to the results of PCR test, of 100 E. coli isolates, 99% of isolates were positive for acrA, 98% for acrB, 95% for acrE, 98% for acrF, 94% for mdfA, 96% for norE, and 96% for tolC.
Conclusion: In Strains with positive gene acrA, acrB, acrA, acrB, tolC, mdfA, norE, the presence of efflux pump inhibitor reduced the amount of resistance to antibiotics. So, efflux pumps are important in antibiotic resistance.

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