Showing 9 results for Hepatitis B
Mohammad Mahdi Karimi, Amir Majlesi,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2002)
Abstract
Introduction: Infection due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) could be due to wild or mutant viruses. The HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B (HbeAg-CHB) is unable to produce hepatitis B, e antigen (HbeAg), so that patients with this varient do not present with HBV characterized by HbcAg in the serum. HbeAg-CHB usually proceeds to serious liver disease. The prevalence of different viral forms in patients with chronic liver disease in Iran has not been established.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-six Hamadanian patients with over 6 months HBSAg positivity were enrolled. Patients with co-infection of HIV, HCV, past history of alcoholism, fatty liver, using of hepatotoxic drugs, autoimmune hepatitis and other metabolic liver disease were excluded. All patients were screened for Hhe Ag. HbeAb. HBV DNA by PCR, AST, ALT, ALK. pH and bilirubin.
Results: Eleven (14.5%) patients had HheAg-CHB (HbsAg +ve, HbeAg-ve / ve/anti HbeAb + ve, HBV DNA + ve and elevated AST, ALT) and 6 (8%) had normal transminases (AST and ALT) accompanied by the remaining criteria of HbeAg-CHB. 59 patients (77.5%) were infected with wild type HBV, ie: HBSAg + ve, HbeAg-ve, HbeAb + ve, HBV DNA- ve, and normal AST, ALT.
Conclusion: Frequency of HbeAg.CHB in Hamadan is 14.5% knowing of this varient of chronic hepatitis B is important since the HbeAg-CHB have worse prognosis than wild type and more better response to lamivudine than interferon.
Zahra Honarkar , Moayed Alaviyan, Shahram Samiei, Keyvan Saeedfar, Mahnaz Baladast, Rahim Aghazadeh, Mohammad Reza Zali,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (3-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Hidden hepatitis B is a condition in which the surface antigen of hepatitis B in the patient's serum is negative but the DNA of the hepatitis B virus is detected in the serum or liver tissue. In this study, the prevalence of latent hepatitis B in chronic hepatitis C patients and their biochemical and histological changes were investigated.
method: In this descriptive study, target sampling was performed so that 27 chronic hepatitis C patients whose HBsAg was negative and during 2001 and 2002 to two hepatitis centers of Tehran and Research Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases of Shahid University of Medical Sciences Beheshti came in and underwent liver sampling. On the hepatic paraffinic block of these patients, polymerase chain reaction tests were performed for the presence of HBVDNA, as well as immunohistochemical tests for the presence and detection of HBsAg and central hepatitis B antigen.
Results: Of the 27 PCR samples examined, patients reported positive HBVDNA in 5 cases (19%). In all of these patients, IHC tests were reported to be negative for HBsAg and HBcAg. Histological changes of cirrhosis and irreversible cirrhosis symptoms were seen only in the HBVDNA group.
Conclusion: The prevalence of latent hepatitis B is relatively high in patients with hepatitis C. In these patients, latent hepatitis B can exacerbate liver damage and accelerate the progression of cirrhosis.
Mohsen Khaki, Mostafa Ghavamian,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatitis B is a disseminated liver inflammation from HBV, that causes diseases and a large number of deaths. Regarding the fact that some of the vaccinated people are non responder (NR), evaluation of immunity in vaccinated ones and identification of NR especially in high risk group is necessary.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study blood samples of all medical students of Borujerd Azad university at the age of 18-25 and vaccinated personnel of Borujerd Shariaty hospital were tested for Anti.HBS-Ab level by ELISA method with Radim kit (cat.KHB31). Results were analyzed according to the number of received vaccines, the duration of vaccination and demographic criteria using descriptive statistics.
Results: About 90% of samples had protective immunity and 10% were NR. 8% of immune group had more than 1000, 17.2 % between 500-1000 and 74.8 % between 10-500 miu/ml of Ab titer. About 75% of immune samples had received two vaccines. In NR group 53% had received three vaccines and 47% had two. 4% of samples were immune with the duration less than one month after vaccination which 85 % of them had two vaccines.
Conclusion: Herd immunity was 90% which is accordant to most studies. In some studies with different results the effective criteria were not differentiated. So regarding these differences, vaccinated people are recommended to evaluate their HBS.Ab level.
Behzad Bijani, Maliheh Charkhchian, Mina Asefzadeh, Saeed Asefzadeh, Halimeh Moharramkhani, Manoochehr Mahrma,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Background: Low immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine is an important problem in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). A possible solution is intradermal versus conventional intramuscular delivery of vaccine in this population. The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of these routes of vaccination in Bu-alicina Dialysis Center, Qazvin, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was done on 29 CRF non-responders randomly allocated to two groups. Fifteen patients received 40 μg of euvax B vaccine intradermally and 14 patients received 160 μg of this vaccine intramuscularly. Anti-HBs antibody titre was measured after 1, 6, and 12 months. Seroprotection was defined as anti-HBs antibody titre above 10 lU/L. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.
Results: Difference of seroprotection rate between two groups was not statistically significant after1and 6 months however, after 12 months, seroprotection rate was 93.3% in the interadermal group versus 50% in the intramuscular group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the high cost of vaccination, intradermal vaccination may be a reasonable choice in CRF patients.
Sepideh Mahinrousta, Heidar Sharafi, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Bita Behnava, Ali Pouryasin,
Volume 15, Issue 7 (12-2012)
Abstract
Background: Nucleos(t)ide analogues, such as lamivudine and adefovir, are effective drugs for treatment of hepatitis B patients. However, long-term treatment with these drugs leads to the emergence of the nucleos(t)ide analogue resistant strains. The impact of nucleos(t)ide analogues on the emergence of HBsAg escape mutations is not clarified. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine HBsAg escape mutations in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed on 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B under treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues (lamivudine and/or adefovir) and 50 naive chronic hepatitis B patients. HBV DNA was extracted from plasma and S gene of virus was amplified by Nested-PCR followed by direct sequencing. HBsAg gene sequence of the samples was evaluated for detection of HBsAg escape mutations. Results: Among the 100 patients, the following HBsAg escape mutations were identified: sQ101H, sG119R, sP120S, sP127S, sA128V, sG130N, sG130R, sT131I, sM133I, and sY134N. The frequency of HBsAg escape mutations in patients under treatment of nucleos(t)ide analogues was 16% and in naïve patients was 6% (p=0.2, OR=2.98). Conclusion:According to the obtained results, there seems to be no association between using nucleos(t)ide analogues and emergence of HBsAg escape mutations.
Sayyad Khanizadeh, Mehrdad Ravanshad, Syed Reza Mohebbi, Hamed Naghoosi, Seyed Dawood Mousavi Nassab, Seyed Mohamad Ebrahim Tahai, Mohamad Reza Zali,
Volume 15, Issue 7 (12-2012)
Abstract
Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a multi-factorial disease that is accompanied with serious clinical complications. Host’s genetic background, especially immune–genetic factors, is critical in the pathogenesis of infection. Gamma interferon ((INF-γ) and its receptor have an important role in immune response to the virus and clinical course of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism -611G/A located in promoter of gamma interferon receptor1 gene (INFGR1) and chronic HBV infection. Materials and Methods: In this Case Control study, genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples of 150 chronically HBV infected patients and 150 healthy controls was extracted by phenol-chloroform method. DNA analysis was performed by PCR-RFLP method and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: After stages of genotyping and statistical analysis, a significant difference was observed between patient and control group, so that genotype GG was higher in the control group compared to the patient group. Conclusion: The host’s immune-genetic background can play an important role in the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Variations in INFGR1 were related to several diseases. The results showed that the presence of GG allele is accompanied by a decrease in susceptibility to chronic HBV infection.
Seyed Reza Mohebbi, Hamed Naghoosi, Pedram Azimzadeh, Shaghayegh Derakhshani, Afsaneh Sharifian, Mohammad Reza Zali,
Volume 18, Issue 7 (10-2015)
Abstract
Background: In spite of designing and applying an effective vaccine against Hepatitis B virus (HBV), chronic infection with this virus is still one of the most important health problems worldwide. Host genetic background including single nucleotide polymorphisms play a significant role in chronicity or clearance of the infection. The final product of programmed cell death 1 gene (PDCD1) is expressed frequently on T-cells and in chronic viral infections, prevent the virus-specific T-cell response against the virus. In this study, the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (+7146A/G) in intron 4 of PD1 gene with chronic hepatitis B infection in Iranian population has been assessed.
Materials and Methods: 212 chronic HBV patients and 208 healthy controls were analyzed in this case-control study. Genomic DNA of the studied individuals was extracted and after performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR), polymorphism of +7146 was determined via RFLP method.
Results: Frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes on position 7146 of the intron 4 of PD1 gene were 77.4%, 20.7% and 1.9% in patient group and 80.8%, 15.4% and 3.8% in control group, respectively. After statistical analysis, No significant difference was observed between patient and control groups (p=0.198).
Conclusion: Genotype frequencies in the studied population are in accordance with the results of previous studies. Results of the present study suggest that there is not any association between A/G single nucleotide polymorphism in intron 4 of PD1 gene and susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B in Iranian population.
Mojtaba Salehi, Seyed Reza Mohebbi, Mehrdad Ravanshad, Maryam Karkhane, Pedram Azimzadeh, Behta Keshavarz Pakseresht,
Volume 18, Issue 12 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of hepadenaviridae family, which is infectious for humans and a few animal species. Successful clearance and elimination of infection from the body or development of HBV infection to chronic disease depend on the host genetic background in immune system genes. Interleukin-12 (IL12) and also Interleukin-12 Receptor B1 (IL 12 RB1) are the key factors in the spontaneous clearance of viral infections, especially HBV. The aim of the present research is to investigate the association between Interleukin-12 receptor B1 gene polymorphism (rs11575934 A/G) and susceptibility to chronic Hepatitis B virus infection.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, genomic DNA of 150 chronic HBV infected patients and 150 healthy controls were extracted from peripheral blood cells. Single nucleotide polymorphism (rs11575934 A/G) was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
Results: The frequency of GG, AG, AA genotypes was 6.7%, 40.7%, and 52.7% in chronic patients and 12.7%, 41.3%, and 46% in control group, respectively. No statistically significant difference between case and control groups has been observed (p=0.176).
Conclusion: In the present study, no significant correlation between rs11575934 A/G single nucleotide polymorphism of the IL12RB1 gene and susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection has been observed. According to the study, this polymorphism does not affect the susceptibility to chronic HBV infection.
Mokhtar Nosrati, Zahra Shakeran, Zainab Shakeran,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (8-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is a significant global health problem and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, currently, introducing novel anti Hepatitis B drugs is taken into consideration. This study was planned to in silico screening novel Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase inhibitors from two medicinal plants Terminalis chebula and Caesalpinia sappan.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study. In the study, three-dimensional structure of the Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase was predicted using homology modeling method. A set of phytochemicals from mentioned plants were retrieved from Pubchem database in SDF format. In silico screening was carried out using molecular docking between mentioned phytochemicals and modeled polymerase by iGemdock 2.1 software.
Results: Results of the study confirmed that all evaluated ligands have appropriate interactions to the polymerase with least toxicity and without genotoxicity potential. Results also showed that most interactions occur in reverse transcriptase domain which located in 354-694 area in the amino acid sequence of tested polymerase. Analysis of energy and amino acids involved in ligand-polymerase interaction revealed that Terchebin, Chebulinic Acid and Terflavin A have more effective interaction with the polymerase in compared to other ligands.
Conclusion: Based on the results it can be concluded that evaluated compounds could be good candidates for in vitro and in vivo research in order to develop novel anti- Hepatitis B drugs.
