Showing 12 results for Head
Babak Eshrati, Kourosh Holakouei Naeini , Jafar Hassanzadeh, Mehrdad Borhani , Farshad Pour Malek,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (12-2003)
Abstract
Introduction: Normal growth of children is an index of their health. So growth monitoring is a routine service provided in most health care systems. This study has been performed in order to assess the effectiveness of growth monitoring regarding incidence of failure to thrive (FTT) and head circumference.
Materials and methods: There was a historical cohort study in which the children who were 12 -14 months old at the time of study under the coverage of health service of Aboozar health center, Tehran medical university, were evaluated. We used linear, logistic and Cox modeling for detecting statistical association of the distinguished variables.
Results: There was no significant association between number of growth monitoring visits and the size of head circumference (linear model). In addition to, there was a significant association between the number of growth monitoring visits and incidence of FTT (logistic model).
Conclusion: According to our data, it seems that growth monitoring has a preventing role in growth of failure to thrive children. |
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Nahid Jivad, Mahmood Rafieian,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (1-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Different groups of drugs are used for prevention of migraine headaches. Howevere, there are controversy about the afficacy of these drugs. Furtheremore, the priority of one to other group is not clear. This study was designed therefore, to compare the effects of Propranolol and Nimodipine on sevierity, duration and frequency of migraine headache.
Materials and Methods: In a clinical trial study, 102 patients with migraine headache refered to neurology clinic were chosen. Patients were devided into two drug groups. Group one received 40 mg Propranolol per day and group two received 30 mg Nimodipine. Data was collected by a questionnaire. Patients were asked to record the severity, duration and frequency of their migraine attacks. Data was analysed using t-test. p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The duration and severity of migraine attacks in Propranolol group were less compared to Nimodipine group (p<0.05). However, there was no statistical differences in the frequency of migraine of these two groups.
Conclusion: Propranolol seems to be more effective than Nimodipine in prevention of migraine headaches
Hamed Reihani, Azadeh Haghiri,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction:Decubitus ulcer is a pressure-induced tissue injury that may affect skin, muscle, connective tissue, cartilage and bone. The present study was designed to find out risk factors of decubitus ulcer in head and spinal cord injured patient admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Materials and Methods: In this cross - seetional analythical study all consecutive craniospinal trauma patients admitted to intensive care unit were included.Upon arrival at the hospital and every 48 hours, all patients were examined for existence of bed sore. Braden scale, age, kind of mattress, site of primary injury and level of consciousness were used to determine risk factors. Data was analyzed using T and Chi square tests and logistic regretion. Results: Among 198 patients (171 male, 27 female with mean age of 31.4=19.8), 166 patients (3.8%) had cranial and 32 (16.2%) patients had spinal trauma. Of samples, 45 (22.7%) patients had 67 sores in 13 different sites. Incidence of bed sore was 22.7% (in cranial and spinal injured patients was 4.54% and 18.18% respectively). The most common sites were intergluteal cleft (33.3%) and sacral regions (28.9%). Bed sores were observed more frequently in immobile patients and those with impaired sensation, the difference were statistically significant (p<0.005 and p<0.005 respectively) hence immobility and impaired sensation are known as risk factors. Patient’s sores were not influenced by age, moisture, activity, nutrition and type of mattress variables. Time of hospital stay in patients with bed sore was significantly more than those without bed sore (P<0.00001). Coma patients (GCS 8) had developed bed sore more frequently than conscious ones (OR=6.1, RR=4.4, P=0.00001). Conclusion: Results show that risk factors of deubitus ulcers in ICU admitted craniospinal trauma patients were decreased sensation, activity and level of conciousness and lenglt of hospital stay.
Alireza Rezayi Ashtiani, Fardin Faraji, Mahdi Moghadasi, Shadi Pirasteh, Afsoun Talaie Zanjani,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Relationship between Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and primary headaches is not well recognized yet and the studies that have been done had different results. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between primary headaches and multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods: In this historical cohort study, 117 patients with actual MS were selected by convenience sampling as case group and 351 healthy subjects as control group. The incidence of primary headaches was assessed by a physician using a questannaire. Variables under investigation were age, sex, type of MS, Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS), and characteristics of headache based on International Headache Society (IHS) classification. Data analysis was done using Chi-square, t-test, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression. Results: 53.8% of MS group and 27.4% of control group had chronic headaches (p=0.0001). Frequency of Migraine and tension type headaches among patients with headache in MS group were 73.1% and 26.98%, and in control group were 40.6% and 58.7% respectively. There was a statistically significant relation between Relapsing-Remitting MS and migraine headache (p<0.001).There was not any correlations between headache and using Interferone, MS duration, and EDSS. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that primay headaches, especialy migraine without aura, are common in MS patients comparing to general population.
Hamid Reza Ebrahimi Fakhar,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2010)
Abstract
Abstract Background: Information on patients' physical and mental disabilities, their lifestyle during rehabilitation period and probably their death due to severe head injury in acute phases is too insufficient and in some cases, it does not exist at all. The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of patients who were hospitalized in Vali-asr Hospital of Arak according to Glascow Coma Scale (GOS). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, using the patients' files in Vali-asr Hospital which is situated in Arak, the patients, who had been hospitalized with severe head injury during 2005-06, were identified. Based on the information existing in their files or visiting them individually in their place of living, 24 months after their release from hospital, their physical and mental performances were examined according to Glascow Outcome Scale (GOS) and were compared to the time of their release from the hospital. Results: Out of 130 patients, 55.4% died within 2 years after the hospitalization period. Among those dead, 32% died in the first 24 hours of hospitalization, 44.4% after the first 24 hours and before release from the hospital and 23.6% after being released from the hospital. The mean of GOS score, from the time of release until 2 years after that, improved from 2.7 to 3.3. Conclusion: Noticing the fact that more than half of the patients died after getting to hospital either in acute level or during rehabilitation, the need is felt for making revisions in the programs for taking care of these patients in different phases of treatment
Keyvan Ghasami, Akram Asghari, Fereshteh Naranji, Kamran Moshfeghi, Babak Eshrati,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background: Tension headaches are the most basic reasons for referring to physicians throughout the world. Iron anemia, on the other hand, is the most common type of anemia among women who are in productive age in the world. This study was done to investigate the relationship between vascular headaches and iron anemia and to see the effect of iron tablets administration on the treatment of these headaches in women who are in productive age. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-control study, 50 women in reproductive age who had iron anemia and vascular headaches, referring to the neurologic clinic of Vali-asr Hospital in Arak, were selected and treated with ferrous sulfate tablets for three months. For verifying the treatment, patients' hemoglobin was monitored after one month, and in case of any significant increases in this value, the patients discontinued participating in the study. The number of headache attacks and the number of analgesics used before, through and three months after beginning the administration of ferrous sulfate were noted for all of the patients. Results: The mean number of the headache attacks one month before treatment, during the treatment and three month after the treatment were 19.6±28 , 14.2±11.2 , 13.3±11.8, respectively (p=0.0001) . In addition, the mean number of used analgesics before the treatment, through the treatment and three month after the treatment were 30.1±14.1, 14.3±11.2, 13.1±16.1, respectively (p=0.0001). Conclusion: It seems that using iron tablets can be useful in treatment of vascular headaches.
Jamal Falahati, Rahmat Allah Jadidi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Background: Two of the most common complaints of patients who refer red to ophthalmology clinic are headache and asthenopia which are induced or intensified by exodeviation. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between exodeviation and headache or asthenopia. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the sampling method, was screening of patients who referred to ophthalmology clinic with headache and asthenopia in 2006. Inclusion criteria were age above three, rejection of other causes of headache and asthenopia. Also, patients with organic headaches such as tumor were eliminated from the study. A questionnaire was provided for the patients and Cover-uncover test was also conducted for determining the existence of exotropia. Results: Of 206 patients, participating in this study, 90.77% had exotropia and the majority of them were female. The most common symptom in these patients was headache. A direct relationship was observed between both headache and asthenopia with exodeviation. Exodeviation also had a direct relationship with gender. Conclusion: Noticing the direct relationship between headache and asthenopia with exodeviation in patients referring with such complaints, exodeviation examinations must be done in order to prescribe surgical or non surgical treatments asneeded.
Monir Shayesteh Far, Reza Mastery Farahani, Fateme Fadayi Fath Abadi, Mohsen Norouziyan, Amirhossein Memari,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background: Head circumference (and its related morphologic factors such as head length and width) is one of the morphologic indices that people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have different developmental patterns in comparison to their peers. So the aim of this study is to assess head circumference indices in relation to cognitive factors in ASD children and adolescents.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the case group was consisted of 129 students with ASD aged 7-18 years old. The control group was consisted of 103 students with intellectual disability (ID) aged 7-18 years old. Head circumference, head length and width was measured by meter and caliper respectively. In addition, socio- cognitive factors questionnaire was responded by parents.
Results: Results showed that the head circumference, length and width of ASD group was significantly greater than ID group (p<0.001). Moreover, ASD group achieved lower score on SSIS questionnaire than ID group (p<0.001). Furthermore, results showed that in ASD group with increasing the size of head circumference the score on socio-cognitive abilites and skills decreased (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Generally, this study indicated that the developmental trajectory as well as the relation of anthropmetric indices of head circumference and socio-cognitive factors in children and adolescents with ASDs is different from ID population.
Mohsen Ebrahimi Monfared, Keyvan Qasami, Ali Reza Rezaei Ashtiani, Elaheh Kazemeini,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background: Migraine is one of the prevalent disabling disorders. Considering geographical differences in reported epidemiology and improving patients care, the aim of the present study was to evaluate epidemiologic, demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with migraine headache in Arak.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional and descriptive study was conducted on patients with migraine headache referred to the neurology clinics of Vali-Asr and Imam Reza hospitals of Arak for 6 months. A questionnaire containing the demographic, epidemiologic and clinical data was filled by patients. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS 18.
Results: Among 820 patients with headache, 92 (11.21%) subjects were confirmed to have migraine headaches. Of the 92 patients, 54.3% were women and 45.6% were men. The mean age was 36.9±9.2 years old and 50% were married. The most common migraine triggers were stress (78.2%), sleep disturbances (65.2%), and fatigue (63%). The mean frequency of headaches was 6.9±3.5 attacks per month with an average duration of 11.1±4.5 hours per attack.
Conclusion: According to our results, the prevalence of migraine in women is more than in men. Dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, no aura, headache is one-sided and pulsating are significantly accompanied by migraine. The number of consumed sedative pills in the month, brain imaging and a monthly fee of headache were significant. In total, clinical characteristics of migraine headaches in our patients were nearly compatible with the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria.
Darioush Moradi Farsani, Khosro Naghibi, Zahra Rezayinezhad,
Volume 20, Issue 7 (10-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Up to now, there is no single opinion on how to control pain after surgery and clinical research in this area has been continuing. This study aimed to compare the effect of intravenous Acetaminophen, Dexamethasone and placebo on postoperative pain after cataract surgery under sedation and topical anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: In a clinical trial study, 120 patients undergoing cataract surgery under sedation and topical anesthesia were distributed into three equal groups. 10 minutes before the end of surgery, the first group received 0.01 mg/kg Dexamethasone, the second group received 15 mg/kg Acetaminophen and third group received the same volume on normal saline as placebo. Pain intensity and additional analgesic consumption were assessed during operation and recovery and compared between the three groups.
Results: In the three groups of Acetaminophen, Dexamethasone and control groups, 6, 10 and 18 patients had postoperative headache (16.7%, 27% and 47.4% respectively) and there was a significant difference between the three groups(p=0.014). Also, pain intensity was significantly higher in control group compared with other two groups from 30 minutes after arrival to the recovery room until 24 h postoperatively (p<0.05). Also, the incidence of headache was higher in Dexamethasone group compared with Acetaminophen group, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups in this regard (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Intravenous Acetaminophen administration is more effective than Dexamethasone and placebo to reduce pain and analgesic requirements after cataract surgery.
Morteza Gharibi, Simin Najafgholian, Fatemeh Rafiee, Ali Nazemi, Esmaeil Mansourizadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim American College Of Emergency Medicine (ACEM) guideline has a recommendation for early diagnosis of head injuries following mild trauma. In this study we examined the prediction power, sensitivity, and specificity of this clinical guideline in the need for computed tomography (CT) scan
Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was performed for 6 months on patients over 18 years old referred to the emergency department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Arak who met ACEM criteria for head CT scan for suspected mild trauma. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, trauma mechanism, physical injuries caused by head trauma, and history of drug abuse were recorded. The consciousness level (Glasgow Coma Scale) was checked every two hours. Patients underwent treatment if there was a pathology in CT images, and those with no clear pathology were discharged after 6 hours and, followed up by phone for two weeks, and in case of any abnormality in the level of consciousness, they were re-examined by CT scanning.
Ethical Considerations This study has an ethical approval obtained from Arak University of Medical sciences (code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.227).
Results 500 patients, 335 male (67%) and 165 females (33%) with the mean age of 46.39± 2.01 years were studied; the sensitivity the ACEM guideline for predicting the need for CT scan in patients with mild head trauma were 100% with a specificity of 3.46% (for the second recommendation, the sensitivity was 100% with a specificity of 6.7%) which indicated that the test was highly sensitive to diagnosing the patients, but its specificity was low.
Conclusion The ACEM guideline had high sensitivity to predicting the need for CT in patients with mild head trauma, but had very low specificity which makes it an unacceptable criterion for rejecting or performing CT scan in these patients.
Amir Hossein Zahirnia, Amir Lorzadeh, Hassan Nasirian, Behroz Davari,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Head lice (Pediculus capitis) infestation is considered an important hygienic problem in developing countries. The aim of study was to compare 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion effects for treatment of infected head lice students in primary girl schools in Gotvand County, Khuzestan province.
Methods: The studied population was first- to sixth-grade students in elementary schools. Positive cases with head lice after identification (304 persons) were randomly divided into two treatment groups. Permethrin shampoo and dimethicone lotion were allocated for the first and the second groups, respectively. The drug therapeutic effects were studied after 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test using SPSS software.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1399.778).
Results: In total, 304 students participated in the study. The age of students ranged between 7 and 12 years which 47.7% of them were between 7 and 8 years. Also 60.9 and 39.1% of them were in urban and rural schools, respectively. The drug effectiveness were 46.1, 69.5 and 100, and 77.6, 85.3 and 100% for permethrin and dimethicone in the first, second and third intervals after treatment, respectively. There was a significant difference between the effect of drugs in the first interval (P = 0.00) after treatment but there was not a significant difference between the second (P = 0.084) and the third (P = 0.43) intervals after treatment.
Conclusions: It is recommended the use of dimethicone lotion and permethrin shampoo as the first and second option, respectively in eliminating the head lice infestation in primary girl schools.
