Showing 8 results for Diagnosis
Mehri Jamilian, Esmat Mashadi, Fatemeh Sarmadi, Maryam Banijamali, Elham Farhadi, Elham Ghanatpishe,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Candidiasis is the second common cause of vulvovaginitis. We evaluate the frequency of species of Candida in vaginal candidiasis. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional anaiythical study, 220 patients with typic and nontypic signs and symptoms of vaginal Candidiasis were studied. Smear and culture were done. For positive culture, evaluation of germ tube, clamidospor production and carbohydrate assimilation and fermentation was done. Data was presented by descriptive statistics and analyzed using Chi square, Man-Whitney and Kolmogrov tests. Results: 40% of patients showed positive culture and smear. Frequancy of Candida Albicanse (42.03%), Dublininsis (29.5%), Glaberata (14.75%), Gilermondy (6.81%), Norvejensis (2.27%), Tropicalis (2.27%), and Kefayer (2.27%) were determined. There was no significant relationship between antibiotic and OCP consumption and type of identified Candida. Conclusion: Frequency of non Albicanse species is increasing. We suggest treatment based on culture and smear, because non Albicanse vaginitis usually is resistant to Azols.
Masoud Yavari,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: In order to determine the importance and power of physical examination diagnosis, we decided to compare the results of physical examination in patients with distal forearm penetrating wound and whatever is observed during surgery as golden standard. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analythical study was performed on 91 patients with distal forearm sharp injury. Findings of physical examination were compared to what was found during surgery (definitive diagnosis) as golden standard. Results: Based on findings, physical examination value of diagnosis for FDP and FDS was determined. In FDS clinical examination value had 88% sensitivity, 40% specificity, 94% positive predictive value, 22% negative predictive value and 1.46 positive likelihood ratio, and 0.3 negative likelihood ratio and FDP clinical examination value had 97% sensitivity, 25% specificity, 93% positive predictive value, 50% negative predictive value, 1.29 positive likelihood ratio and 0.12 negative likelihood ratio. Conclusion: Physical examination view point of rule in of flexor tendon injury because of sharp and penetrating trauma is more valuable than rule out.
Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Mehdi Khodayari, Babak Eshrati, Mohsen Shamsi, ,
Volume 14, Issue 7 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: Prevention, control, or eradication of brucellosis in a country or region needs policy-making, decision-making, and possessing accurate epidemiological data and information. Therefore, this study was done to review the epidemiology and some factors affecting the interval between the onset and diagnosis of brucellosis in Markazi Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on patients diagnosed with brucellosis during 2010-2011 in Markazi Province were studied. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics as well as chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test using SPSS software.
Results: Out of all cases (907), the interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was more than a month in 363 cases (41.7%). The interval between the onset and diagnosis was significantly associated with location (urban or rural) (P=0.001), city of residence (P=0.001), career (P=0.002), and type of disease (new or failure case) (P=0.008).
Conclusion: Since the interval time between the onset and diagnosis of brucellosis among rural residents, ranchers, housewives, and farmers is more, greater attention should be paid to this new class.
Esmaiel Saberfar, Zahra Goodarzi, Ali Najafi,
Volume 15, Issue 8 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Influenza type A virus is one of the most important viral agents in human respiratory diseases. The genetic variability of the influenza viruses leads to the incidence of new epidemics worldwide. Hence, there is a growing need for rapid and effective new methods capable of detection and differentiation of influenza virus circulating strains. This study was done to develop a method for rapid differentiation of the subtypes of influenza type A virus. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, reverse-transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed using a primer set based on M gene of H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H9N2 influenza subtypes. Then the amplified fragments were subjected to digestion using subtype specific restriction endonuclease enzymes. Results: The results of PCR reaction showed that the primer pair of the M gene was specific and capable of amplifying all influenza subtypes understudy. Also, different restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns (RFLP) were generated using enzyme digestion reaction on the amplified segment of M gene. Conclusion: RT-PCR and RFLP analysis of the M gene can be employed as a useful method for differentiating influenza virus subtypes
Zahra Naseri, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Seyyed Hamid Hashemi, Mohammad Reza Arabestani,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a major cause of zoonosis disease and is endemic in hamadan Province in Iran. The purpose of this study was to isolate Brucella species from brucellosis patients and identify different species of this bacterium in order to determine the prevalence of the species.
Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive- cross sectional and fifty blood samples were obtained from brucellosis patients with clinical symptoms. The samples were cultured in BACTEC system and incubated for 14 days. Then, the samples were cultured on Brucella agar and biochemical tests were done for identification of bacteria. Finally, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) applied for confirmation and isolated identification with specific primers.
Results: Seven Brucella strains were isolated from 50 blood samples of the patients with brucellosis by blood culture and PCR. The PCR results on blood specimens showed 4 positive in spite of the negative results of blood culture. PCR and biochemical methods revealed that all the 11 isolated bacteria were Brucella Melitensis.
Conclusion: This study was designed to evaluate PCR technique as a diagnostic tool for brucella spp in comparison to conventional techniques. This study showed a high prevalence of brucellosis due to Brucella Melitensis in Hamadan Province and efforts in this region should be aimed at the eradication of this bacterium.
Malahat Amani, Hossein Alizade, Esmaeil Shiri,
Volume 20, Issue 10 (1-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The exact diagnosis of schizophrenic disorder from schizoaffective disorder has always been a challenge for therapists due to the comorbidity of many signs and symptoms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differential diagnosis of schizophrenia disorder from schizoaffective disorder, focusing on the emotional content of their memories.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a causal-comparative study on 23 male and female patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (without any comorbid diagnosis). Using a clinical interview, the emotional events and memories of their lives, as well as the amount of affective and emotional words used by these patients in expressing their memories, have been assessed. To determine the differences between the two groups, the data were analyzed by Chi-square test.
Results: Results showed that men with schizophrenia had a significant difference in expressing the amount of emotional events in their lives, as well as in expressing affective and emotional words compared to schizoaffective men. But, this difference was not observed in schizophrenic and schizoaffective women.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that differential diagnosis of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder can be made with emphasis on the emotional content of memories, especially in men.
Sara Karimi Moghadam, Roohollah Dorostkar, Saeed Hesami Takallou,
Volume 20, Issue 11 (2-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iran and breast cancer is the fifth leading cause of death among women. Diagnosis of breast cancer in early stages could increase the lifetime of more than 90% of patients. Human endogenous retroviruses are as heterochromatic parts of the genome, lack any expression. But in several categories of human cancers, including breast cancer, there is a significant increase in the level of HERV-Kenv mRNA.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, blood samples were collected from 40 breast cancer patients admitted in Baqiyatallah Hospital and 20 healthy individuals to study the increased expression of HERV-Kenv mRNA using specific primers and were tested by RT-PCR.
Results: Investigations on the patient and control groups showed that increased expression of mRNA was positive in 60% of patients with breast cancer and negative in all healthy subjects.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that expression of mRNA HERV Kenv in breast cancer was increased. Since enhancement of mRNA HERV-Kenv in the blood of breast cancer patients occurs in of disease, these retroelements could be used as a diagnostic biomarker
Masoud Rezagholizamenjany, Parsa Yousefichaijan,
Volume 21, Issue 7 (2-2019)
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a manifestation of glomerular disease as a proteinuria in the nephrotic and triad of hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia, and high protein in the urine. Nephrotic proteinuria is defined as protein excretion of more than 40 mg/m2 of body surface per hour or protein to creatinine ratio of more than 2-3 at the first morning urine sample. Its annual incidence in most western countries is 2-3 cases per 100000 children per year, and in developing countries it is often higher due to malaria (1). New findings in this area are often about treatment, which are evaluated and reviewed in following.
