Showing 6 results for Death
Yalda Arast, Reza Solgui, Hamid Galedari, Heibatollah Kalantari, Mohsen Rezaei,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2010)
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important and most common fatal types of cancer in the world. Identifying new agents which individually or in combination with other agents induce apoptosis in tumor cells is surely of great significance in treatment of colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of applying lovastatin and α-tocopherol individually or in combination with each other in the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Materials and Methods: In this trial, HT29 cells were exposed to various concenterations of lovastatin (5, 10, and 20 μmol) and/or alpha tocopherol (10, 20, and 25, and 30 μmol). After cell count, these cells were examined through trypan blue method and DNA fragmentation technique. Results: The findings of DNA fragmentation technique showed that each of the two drugs could induce apoptosis at all of the given concentrations. In the combination of 10 μmol concentration of lovastatin and 5 and 10 μmol concentrations of α-tocopherol, induction of apoptosis was not observed. Conclusion: Based on the extensive effects of statins, the concentration of lovastatin is seen as determining in its apoptosis function, and its combination with tocopheroles in high concentrations, by inducing apoptosis, can provide novel effective strategies for prevention of human colorectal cancer.
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Volume 13, Issue 5 (2-2011)
Abstract
Background: Today, medicine regards brain death as absolute death a fact that its acceptance, especially by those who are emotionally connected with the patients with a beating heart and a normal face while he is breathing and seems to be fast asleep, is very difficult. Some religious leaders do not view this state as absolute death and do not relate it to death. Consideration of this issue is of great importance in legal, political, social, ethical, philosophical, and medical debates and several international conferences have been held on this controversial issue. There are different stances and viewpoints with regard to the nature of brain death. It goes without saying that if brain death is not regarded as absolute death, organ transplantation from patients with brain death who are a great source of organ provision will face major difficulties. By dividing life into such stages as complete physical life, constant vegetative life, singular organ life, and cellular life and elaborating on each stage, such conclusion can be reached that death occurs in three stages: 1) Cardiac and pulmonary death, 2)death of brain cells minutes after deoxygenation, and 3) death of body cells which differs from organ death. Such an order exists in natural death but in brain death, death starts from the second stage and eventually leads to the death of cells. There are, however, stages akin to deep coma. This study, in addition to explaining brain death and its differences with deep coma and other similar states, comes to the conclusion that brain death is equal to absolute death and can be treated as real death. This study investigates brain death in medicine by taking such concepts as sleep, coma, vegetable life, and cardiac death into consideration. Then it deals with the relationship between sleep and death as well as the reality of death so as to provide ample evidence for realization of death in the view of religion and compare it with the medical concept of death. According to this hypothesis, brain death is equal to absolute death. This study is a descriptive-analytical review of internet databases and library resources.
Mohammad Taher Tahoori, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah, Saeed Daneshmandi, Masoomeh Akhlaghi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (1-2012)
Abstract
Background: Programmed death 1 (PDCD1), a negative T-cell regulator which induces peripheral tolerance, belongs to Ig super and CD28/CTLA-4 families. PD-1 gene induces negative signals in T-cells during interaction with its ligands. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PD-1 polymorphism and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Iranian patients and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood samples using DNA purification kit (DNG-plus, Cinnagen, Iran). PD1.1G/A as a SNP located on promoter with position -536 were genotyped for 120 RA patients and 188 healthy controls through PCR-RFLP method. Association of genotypes and alleles frequency in the patients was compared with controls and analyzed using Chi-square test and 2×2 contingency table in SPSS software version 15.0. The diagnosis of RA patients and provision of their clinical information was done in Rheumatology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Results: The A allele of the PD1.1 polymorphism located on the promoter of PD-1 gene was significantly more frequent in Iranian RA patients than the controls (p=0.04). There were no significant differences in PD1.1G/G genotype (p=0.08), PD1.1A/A genotype (p=0.39), and PD1.1G/A genotype (p=0.16) between RA cases and controls.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed the presence of a significant relationship between the A allele of the PD1.1 (-536) of the promoter and susceptibility to RA in Iranian patients.
Ehsan Kasraie, Mohammad Rafeie, Saeid Mousavipour,
Volume 18, Issue 11 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background: Today, occupational health of nurses in the health care system is important. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between death anxiety, sleep quality and job satisfaction of nurses working in Arak university of medical sciences hospitals in 2015.
Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional. The population included nurses in public hospitals affiliated with Arak university of medical sciences. The samples included 309 nurses that were simply and randomly selected. Data were collected with Herzberg job satisfaction, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaires and death anxiety scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results showed that the relationship between job satisfaction with sleep quality of nurses was significant, but there was not a significant relationship between job satisfaction and quality of sleep with death anxiety of nurses. In addition, there was a significant telationship between diffevent parts of hospitals in job satisfaction and death onxiety, although this difference was not significant in quality of sleep. Job satisfaction was the only factor that was significant in the group with the possibility of difficult working conditions.
Conclusion: According to the research findings, it seems that paying attention to sleep quality sleep is important to improve nurses satisfaction. Job satisfaction is also influenced by the hard conditions of work and requires more attention to a group of nurses who are working in such a situation. Also, a higher death anxiety than usual in nurses requires more study and reflection.
Mohammad Jamalian, Mohsen Eslamdost, Ali Rezaee, Shabanali Alizadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The deaths caused by traffic accidents are one of the three leading causes of death in Iran. Considering that all deaths from traffic accidents in the forensic organization are undergoing autopsy and also in the treatment centers under oral autopsies, the cause of death is determined, we determined that the cause of reported death from oral autopsy and medical autopsy Compare the law.
Methods & Materials: In this descriptive study, patients who were admitted to the forensic medical center during the year 1395 admitted to the Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Arak, were referred. The causes of death in Vali-asr Hospital were evaluated and compared with the outcome of the forensic oral hearing.
Ethical Considerations: This study ethcally approved by the ethics committee of the Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.226).
Results: In this study, 109 patients (1.33%) died from a total of 8153 patients with traffic accidents referred to Valiasr hospital in Arak. Of these, 68.8% were male and 31.2% were women. The Mean±SD age of the patients died was 44.03±22.43 years. Also, 59.6% of the dead died during the first 24 hours of the accident. The most common cause of death, according to the results of oral autopsy, was “multiple injuries,” accounting for 49.5% of the patients in 45 patients.
Conclusion: Abundance of deaths among patients with road traffic accidents and they referred to Valiasr hospital, which was 1.33%. According to the existing standards and considering that the mortality rate in this center is less than 1.5%. It seems that the level of service delivery in this center is favorable.
Saeed Nasiri, Mohammad Noori, Maryam Aslezaker,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Attention Control Training is a new cognitive intervention that improves emotion regulation by reducing attentional bias towards negative information. Given the significant association between death anxiety and emotion dysregulation and death-related attentional bias, this study aimed to assess attention control training as an intervention for reducing death anxiety.
Methods & Materials: In this clinical trial, the Convenience Sampling Method sampled 50 university students in Tehran and was randomly assigned to 2 experimental and 1 control groups. Attention control training was delivered using death-related stimuli for the 1st experimental group and negative stimuli unrelated to death for the 2nd experimental group. The control group didn’t receive any interventions. In 3 measurements of pretest, posttest, and 3 months follow-up, death-related attentional bias, death anxiety, and sensitivity to mortality salience were assessed, respectively, using the Modified Stroop Test, Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale (MFODS), and Propensity to Moral Disengagement Scale (PMDS) after inducing Mortality Salience condition.
Ethical Considerations: This study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT20190406043181N1) and was approved by the research ethics committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.SBMU.MSP.REC.1398.539).
Results: The study showed that after completing attention control training, the 1st experimental group’s death-related attentional bias, death anxiety, and sensitivity to mortality salience were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and this reduction was maintained at 3 months of follow-up. No significant changes were observed in the other two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that attention control training is capable of significantly reducing death-related attentional bias, and this reduction in attentional bias leads to decreased death anxiety and sensitivity to mortality salience
