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Showing 3 results for Computed Tomography
Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology in the Mandibular First Premolars: A CBCT Study in An Iranian Population
Maryam Kazemipoor, Afrooz Hajighasemi, Sanam Mirbeigi,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2015)
Abstract

  Background: Mandibular premolars, because of high anatomic variations, are among the most difficult teeth for root canal treatment.The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars between males and famales in an Iranian population applying CBCT imaging.

  Materials and Methods: In this analytical-cross sectional study, 230 CBCT imaging belonged to 115 males and 115 females were evaluated in this study. Images were assessed in the three spatial planes and the difference in the number of canals and roots were compared and reported statistically. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 software and Chi-square test.The significance level was set as p<0.05.

  Results: In total, of 460 mandibular first premolars, 85.7% had one root, 14.3% had two roots, 63.9% had one canal and 36/1% had two canals. In comparison between two genders, in the males the prevalence of one root was 78.7%, two roots 21.3%, one canal 60% and two canals 40%. In the females, the prevalence of one root was recorded as 92.6%, two roots 7.4%, one canal 67.8% and two canals 32.2%.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study the number of roots in the mandibular first premolars in males was statistically more than in females.


The Sensitivity and Specificity of American College Of Emergency Medicine Guideline in Predicting the Need for Computed Tomography Scan in Patients with Mild Head Trauma
Morteza Gharibi, Simin Najafgholian, Fatemeh Rafiee, Ali Nazemi, Esmaeil Mansourizadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim American College Of Emergency Medicine (ACEM) guideline has a recommendation for early diagnosis of head injuries following mild trauma. In this study we examined the prediction power, sensitivity, and specificity of this clinical guideline in the need for computed tomography (CT) scan 
Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was performed for 6 months on patients over 18 years old referred to the emergency department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Arak who met ACEM criteria for head CT scan for suspected mild trauma. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, trauma mechanism, physical injuries caused by head trauma, and history of drug abuse were recorded. The consciousness level (Glasgow Coma Scale) was checked every two hours. Patients underwent treatment if there was a pathology in CT images, and those with no clear pathology were discharged after 6 hours and, followed up by phone for two weeks, and in case of any abnormality in the level of consciousness, they were re-examined by CT scanning.
Ethical Considerations This study has an ethical approval obtained from Arak University of Medical sciences (code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.227).
Results 500 patients, 335 male (67%) and 165 females (33%) with the mean age of 46.39± 2.01 years were studied; the sensitivity the ACEM guideline for predicting the need for CT scan in patients with mild head trauma were 100% with a specificity of 3.46% (for the second recommendation, the sensitivity was 100% with a specificity of 6.7%) which indicated that the test was highly sensitive to diagnosing the patients, but its specificity was low.
Conclusion The ACEM guideline had high sensitivity to predicting the need for CT in patients with mild head trauma, but had very low specificity which makes it an unacceptable criterion for rejecting or performing CT scan in these patients.

Characteristics of the Maxillary Sinuosus and Accessory Canals in the Arak Population: Age and Gender Correlation
Marziyeh Pooladi, Soheila Madadi, Maryam Baazm, Azam Moslemi, Ehsan Golchini, Yusef Abbasi,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (8-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The sinuosus canal and its branching accessory canals have crucial importance across different races for minimizing neurovascular problems in dental implantation.
Methods: This study was performed as a retrospective analysis, employing Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) images of 174 patients who attended a private oral and maxillofacial radiology center in Arak from 2018 to 2020. The CBCT images were examined with Romexis software. Quantitative variables were reported as mean ± standard deviation, whereas qualitative variables were presented as frequency percentages. The data were analyzed using the independent T-test. The correlation between quantitative data was examined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis. One-way ANOVA was performed to analyze variables including age groups and the location of accessory canals.
Results: 65.5% of the participants had a canalis sinuosus, demonstrating a considerable prevalence of canalis sinuosus in the studied population. Age and gender did not significantly correlate with the prevalence of accessory and sinuosus canals (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was observed in the mean diameter of the canalis sinuosus between males and females (P = 0.01). The most common location for the termination of accessory canals on the left side in females was posterior to the lateral incisor (48.3%), whereas in males, it was posterior to the central incisor (45.8%). On the right side, the most common place in females (45.5%) and males (36.4%) was also posterior to the central incisor.
Conclusions: The prevalence of sinuosus and accessory canals in different populations and races is more closely related to sample size and race and requires investigation across different races to reduce neurovascular complications.
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