Showing 7 results for Ciprofloxacin
Hosein Sarmadian, Farshideh Didgar, Hamid Abtahi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Staphylococcus Aureus is one of the most important pathogenes in human. Regarding the ability of this bacterium in nasal colonization, carriers can increase the incidence of many nosocomial infections. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of two antimicrobial regimens (topical nasal Mupirocin and oral Ciprofloxacin) in treatment of Staphylococcus Aureus carriers and its recurrence. Materials and Methods: This study is a triple blind clinical trial that was performed on 366 cases of Vali-e-asr hospital personnel. Nasal cultures were prepared from all these cases. Among them, 45 cases were carriers which were divided in two groups (A and B). Group A were treated by single dose of oral Ciprofloxacin (1500 mg) and Vit A+D ointment as placebo for 5 days (twice a day) and group B were treated by single dose of oral placebo and nasal Mupirocin ointmdent for 5 days (twice a day). After this period, nasal cultures were repeated in the two groups to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Also after 5 weeks the last cultures were performed in order to determine the prevalence of reinfection. Results were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: Results showed that, 12.9% of Vali-e-asr hospital personnels were nasal carriers of Staphylococcus Aureus. Also the efficacy of topical nasal Mupirocin regimen (89.5%) was significantly higher than single dose of oral Ciprofloxacin regimen (55%) (p=0.019). But there was no significant difference between prevalence of reinfection in topical (13.3%) and oral regiment (20%). Conclusion: According to the present data, it seems that topical Mupirocin therapy is more effective than single dose of oral Ciprofloxacin in treating Staphylococcus Aureus carriers. However there is no significant difference in the prevalence of reinfection between the two methods.
Pedrama Ariapanah, Morteza Sattari, Zahra Jafari-Azar, Adonis Poormohammadi Mojaveri,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (1-2011)
Abstract
Background: Due to problems caused by traditional dressings, scientists have long been in search for producing alternative cellulose. Unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose synthesized by acetobacter xylinum, due to its nanostructure cellulose, resulted in attempts to devise an ideal dressing with this cellulose. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of impregnated bacterial cellulose on staphylococcus aureus culture. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, cellulose disks synthesized by bacterial cellulose and cellulose blank disks (without antibiotic) were placed in 3.3% ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. These disks were, then, together with ciprofloxacin standard, control cellulose, and cellulose blank disks, placed on the cultured media of staphylococcus aureus. After 24 hours, the results were obtained through the measurement of growth inhibition zone. Determining the amount of antibiotic absorbed into bacterial cellulose can be done through the comparison of the effects of cellulose disks containing different concentrations of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and ciprofloxacin standard disks. Results: Both cellulose and blank disks created a growth inhibition zone in staphylococcus aureus media, whereas the growth inhibition zone of cellulose and cellulose blank disks (negative control) were insignificant. Conclusion: Noticing the unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose as a dressing and its proven ability in absorption and release of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, the prospects are seen for production of antibiotics containing dressings of this microbial product in future.
Fatemeh Hakimi, Najmeh Ranji, Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi,
Volume 19, Issue 7 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major nosocomial pathogen that due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to a wide spectrum of antibiotics poses a threat in clinical settings. One of the drug resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa is mutation in negative regulators of efflux pump systems such as nalC. The aim of this study was investigation of nalC mutations in P. aeruginosa isolates from some Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, forty-five P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from several Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories between 2013 to 2014 and identified by biochemical tests. The antibiotic resistance and susceptibility of isolates was determined by Kirby Bauer method and microdilution method. Then PCR-sequencing was carried out to assess nalC mutations in ciprofloxacin resistant isolates.
Results: In this study, the most P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from urine sample (53%), followed by burned strains (31%). The most resistance was seen to erythromycin (100%) and the lowest resistance was seen to ciprofloxacin (~31 %). The highest MIC of ciprofloxacin was determined in some strains >512 μg/ml. Sequencing results showed that 12 ciprofloxacin resistant isolates had one or several missense mutations G71E, S209R and E153Q in nalC gene.
Conclusion: Given that mutation was defined in most isolates in this study, it seems that mutation in nalC gene plays an important role in ciprofloxacin resistance of nosocomial P. aeruginosa isolates in Guilan province.
Aref Mohammadipour, Najmeh Ranji, Leila Asadpour,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (8-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that using several classes of antibiotics to treat has been led to the emergence of multiple drug resistance. One of the drug resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is overexpression of mexXY-oprM efflux pump system. Silybin as main flavonolignan of silymarin extracted from Silybum marianum is a hepatoprotective agent that its anti-bacterial properties was studied, recently. In this study, the effect of combination of silybin and ciprofloxacin on oprM gene expression in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In this study, seven ciprofloxacin resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated by ciprofloxacin (1/2MIC) only (control sample) and in the combination with silybin-encapsulated micelle (nanoparticles) (test sample). After 24h, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed in silybin treated and un-treated cells and oprM gene expression was quantitatively investigated by realtime PCR method.
Results: Results of this study showed that a silybin encapsulated in nanoparticles (400µg/ml) induces death up to 50% in resistant isolates treated by ciprofloxacin (1/2MIC) during 24h. Also, quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis revealed that silybin encapsulated in nanoparticles decreases the expression of oprM gene compared to silybin untreated cells.
Conclusion: It seems that Decrease of oprM expression in resistant isolates lead to decrease of mexAB-oprM and mexXY-oprM in cell surface, subsequently decrease of antibiotic withdrawal to extracellular environment and increase of sensitivity to antibiotics.
Bozorgmehr Imani Pirsaraei, Najmeh Ranji, Leila Asadpour,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (5-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium that is a major cause of nosocomial infections such as severe burns. Curcumin is the main component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) that has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial effect of curcumin in ciprofloxacin resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa through mexC and mexD gene expression.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were obtained from hospitals and laboratories in Guilan province. After disc difusion and MIC tests, four ciprofloxacin resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated by ciprofloxacin (1/2MIC) only (control sample) and in the combination with curcumin encapsulated in micelle nanoparticles (test sample). After 24h, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis was performed. Then, the expression of mexC and mexD genes was evaluated quantitatively by Real-time PCR method in curcumin treated and un-treated cells
Results: This study showed that combination of ciprofloxacin (1/2 MIC) with curcumin encapsulated in micelle nanoparticles led to approximately 50% of growth inhibition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In treated cells with curcumin and ciprofloxacin compared to treated cells with ciprofloxacin alone, mexC and mexD genes were significantly (p<0.05) downregulated >0.65 fold in three isolates and >0.1 fold in four isolates, respectively.
Conclusion: Our results suggested that curcumin encapsulated in micelle nanoparticles combined with 1/2 MIC value of ciprofloxacin inhibits the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa through reducing mexC and mexD expression.
Mersedeh Fatemeh Yazdanbakhsh, Aboo Saeed Rashidi, Mohammad Karim Rahimi, Ramin Khajavi, Hamed Shafaroodi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this research is to provide nanofibers from cellulose with Wheat bran as an agricultural residue and its antimicrobial activity by dipping ciprofloxacin hydrochloride on Staphylococcus aureus.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, cellulose disks were prepared from nano-impregnated fiber. Subsequently, these disks were placed on Staphylococcus aureus with standard paper disks and the results were measured as a non-growth zone after 24 hours. The amount of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride adsorbed in cellulose by comparing the effect of cellulosic discs containing different concentrations of antibiotics and standard ciprofloxacin disks was determined. Subsequently, the evaluation of the time of recovery of the ulcer in the skin of the rats was carried out with the drug-mediated formulation and without drug.
Findings: The disk (nano alpha-cellulosic) dipped by ciprofloxacin hydrochloride created a non-growth zone in Staphylococcus aureus. Measuring the size of the wound was done by digital imaging and the ImageJ software. The results of the recovery process were analyzed by ANOVA and pathological tests in five days.
Conclusion: The results showed that the nano-fibers disk could be useful in controlling bacteria in the culture medium, and the area of the wounds in rats (rats) dressed with nano-fibers impregnated with the drug was significantly less than the control group (p <0.05). |
Ahmad Sahabzamani, Dr. Maryam Sadrnia, Dr. Majid Akbari, Dr. Sasan Saki,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim The efflux pump in Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibits the effect of ciprofloxacin by releasing quinolones out of the cell. It is important to find compounds to inactivate or inhibit its activity to continue using the antibiotics. The present study was done to investigate using sertraline as an efflux pump inhibitor in P. aeruginosa to reduce antibiotic resistance.
Methods & Materials P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from clinical sources and identified by routine microbiological methods. Resistance of the isolates to ciprofloxacin was evaluated by Kirby–Bauer test. Resistance breakdown was investigated by adding sertraline to the Moller Hinton agar medium and determining the zone of inhibition of ciprofloxacin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by microplate dilution method and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by culture and MTT method were done for the isolates and ATCC 27853. The presence of the efflux pump was evaluated by the phenotypic method using sertraline and serial dilution method of the liquid medium in a microplate, on ciprofloxacin-resistant strains. The presence of the producing gene of this pump was determined by the genotyping method in resistant strains by performing PCR. The standard PAO1 strain of P. aeruginosa was used as a positive control.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Islamic Azad University, Brojerd Branch (Code: IR.IAU.B.REC.1401.011).
Results Based on Kirby–Bauer test results, three strains were considered resistant to ciprofloxacin. MIC of drug-resistant strains was between 32 and 64 mg/ml and MBC was between 16 and 32 mg/ml. By performing electrophoresis on the PCR products, it was determined that the tested strains contained the mexA gene encoding the efflux pump. In the agar medium without sertraline, the zone of inhibition around the ciprofloxacin disc was zero, but after adding sertraline, the diameter of the halo increased to 25 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin in the isolates before adding 25 µg of sertraline was 128 µg/ml and after adding sertraline, it was 4 µg/ml.
Conclusion It was concluded that sertraline inhibited the efficiency of the efflux pump in resistant P. aeruginosa isolates and reduced ciprofloxacin resistance.
