Dr Behnam Zamanzad, Dr Hedayat Alah Shirzad, Dr Faranak Naseri,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment of urinary tract infections(UTIs), as one of the most common nosocomial and community acquired infections, has remained an important medical problem. Differentiation between susceptibility patterns of nosocomial and community acquired pathogens is important epidemiologically and helps the administration of appropriate antimicrobial drugs. The goal of this study was isolation of the most common causative bacteria, in two groups of 13-35 years old women in Shahrekord city within 6 months period(April-September 2004). Also, the resistance patterns of common isolated organisms in these two groups were compared. Materials and Methods: This is an analythical-cross sectional study. 100 urine samples from women aged 13-35 years old hospitalized in different wards of Hajar and Kashani hospitals(group one) with positive urine cultures were obtained performing clean-catch midstream method. Also 100 urine samples from 13-35 years old women with positive urine culture and acute UTI symptoms from Shahrekord private laboratory (group two) were obtained. The most common causative bacteria in the two groups and the antibacterial sensitivity patterns of isolated organisms were evaluated. Data was analysed using T test. Results: Totally, the most common nosocomial UTI pathogens were E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter spp. In group two, E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Citrobacter spp. were isolated predominantly. The highest bacterial resistance rate belonged to Ampicillin and Co-trimoxazole. Antibiotics useful in treatment of nosocomial UTI were Ceftizoxim, Nitrofurantoin, Nalidixic acid, Cephalothin and Gentamicin respectively. Nitrofurantoin, Nalidixic acid, Ceftazidim, Gentamicin and Cephalothin were the most effective antibiotics in community acquired UTIs. Conclusion: The emergence of pathogens with alarming rates of resistance, highlights the need for a more rationalized and restricted use of antibiotics in order to minimize the spread of resistant bacterial strains.
Hamid Motamedi, Shahnaz Dehbashi, Hamed Tahmasebi, Mohammad Reza Arabestani,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) has many pathogens. Antibiotic resistance may increase the invasion of this bacterium. The aim of this study was to determine the role and effect of some antibiotic resistance in the spread of pathogenic strains of S.aureus in different clinical specimens.
Materials and Methods: 95 clinical isolates of S.aureus were collected from different clinical specimens. Antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by Disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) for 6 different classes. Identification of adhesion agent genes in isolated isolates was performed using Multiplex-PCR and specific primers. For analysis of the results, GraphPad Prism version 6 and ꭕ2 statistical sampling was used. p≤0.05 was considered significant.
Findings: Of 95 isolates of S.aureus, 29 isolates (30.52%) were resistant to methicillin, 12 isolates (12.63%), resistant to clindamycin, 48 isolates (50.52%), resistant to gatyfloxacin, 88 (92.63%) isolates resistant to gentamicin, 57 (60%) isolates resistant to erythromycin and 79 isolates (83.15%) were resistant to tetracycline. fnbA genes were isolated in 14 isolates (14.73%), fnbB in 29 isolates (30.52%), fib in 21 isolates (22.10%), clfA in 17 isolates (17.89%) and clfB in 19 isolates (20%). There was a significant correlation between resistance to macular antibiotics, tetracycline, beta-lactam, lacosamide, aminoglycoside and pathogens.
Conclusion: The adhesion factors in S.aureus possibly cause some structural changes and cause resistance to various antibiotic classes.
