Hamid Motamedi, Shahnaz Dehbashi, Hamed Tahmasebi, Mohammad Reza Arabestani,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) has many pathogens. Antibiotic resistance may increase the invasion of this bacterium. The aim of this study was to determine the role and effect of some antibiotic resistance in the spread of pathogenic strains of S.aureus in different clinical specimens.
Materials and Methods: 95 clinical isolates of S.aureus were collected from different clinical specimens. Antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by Disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) for 6 different classes. Identification of adhesion agent genes in isolated isolates was performed using Multiplex-PCR and specific primers. For analysis of the results, GraphPad Prism version 6 and ꭕ2 statistical sampling was used. p≤0.05 was considered significant.
Findings: Of 95 isolates of S.aureus, 29 isolates (30.52%) were resistant to methicillin, 12 isolates (12.63%), resistant to clindamycin, 48 isolates (50.52%), resistant to gatyfloxacin, 88 (92.63%) isolates resistant to gentamicin, 57 (60%) isolates resistant to erythromycin and 79 isolates (83.15%) were resistant to tetracycline. fnbA genes were isolated in 14 isolates (14.73%), fnbB in 29 isolates (30.52%), fib in 21 isolates (22.10%), clfA in 17 isolates (17.89%) and clfB in 19 isolates (20%). There was a significant correlation between resistance to macular antibiotics, tetracycline, beta-lactam, lacosamide, aminoglycoside and pathogens.
Conclusion: The adhesion factors in S.aureus possibly cause some structural changes and cause resistance to various antibiotic classes.
Doctor Vahideh Nazari, Octor Mojtaba Didehdar, Octor Fateme Golestanipour,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: A common infection in complete or partial denture wearers is denture stomatitis. One of the most important factors in the adhesion of Candida albicans is the surface and chemical properties of the denture base materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the surface roughness and adhesion of Candida albicans to two different types of acrylic materials.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 16 samples were prepared from each of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin. The surface roughness of the samples was measured by a profilometer. The samples were then placed in a cell suspension of Candida albicans. After incubation and staining with acridine orange, the yeast cells attached to the acrylic samples were counted using a fluorescent microscope. Data were statistically analyzed by T-test.
Ethical considerations: This article is approved by the ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1398.301.
Findings: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean of surface roughness between the two study groups (P = 0.311). However, Candida albicans colonization in ivoclar acrylic was significantly lower than vertex acrylic. (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: Differences in surface topography and physical and chemical properties of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin affect the adhesion of Candida albicans.
Safieh Azadi Fard, Mehdi Moradi, Mohammad Malekipooya,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (10-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Since endurance training and a fasting diet are effective in reducing the symptoms of heart disease, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a period of endurance training with electrical stimulation on the expression of ICAM and VCAM genes in the heart tissue of obese fasting rats.
Methods: In this study, 35 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old, average weight 200 ± 19 g) were rendered obese and then randomly assigned to five groups of seven: obese control, fasting, fasting with endurance training, fasting with electrical stimulation, and fasting with endurance training with electrical stimulation. All groups except the obese control followed a 16/8 intermittent fasting protocol. The endurance training lasted 4 weeks, with 5 sessions per week, starting at 50% of maximal oxygen consumption in the first week and progressing to 65% by the fourth week. Electrical stimulation was delivered via foot shock (0.5 mA for 20 min). 24 hours after the last session, cardiac tissue was extracted under deep anesthesia. The expression levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 genes in the heart were measured using real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test, with the significance level set at P ≤ 0.05.
Results: The results of the present study demonstrated that intermittent fasting, endurance training, and electrical stimulation—each independently—led to a significant reduction in the gene expression of vascular adhesion molecules in the cardiac tissue of obese rats (P = 0.001). Moreover, it appears that the combination of all three interventions exerts a greater effect in reducing the expression levels of these adhesion molecules in the cardiac tissue of obese rats (P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the simultaneous application of endurance training, intermittent fasting, and electrical stimulation exerts a considerable impact on decreasing the expression of VCAM and ICAM in cardiac tissue. However, it is still not possible to definitively determine the directionality of the individual or combined effects of intermittent fasting, endurance training, and electrical stimulation (foot-shock stimulation) on adhesion molecules under conditions of obesity and intermittent fasting.
