Showing 60 results for شناخت
Esmaeil Soleimani, Shahin Azmoodeh, Mojtaba Habibi,
Volume 20, Issue 9 (12-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In present research, the structural equation modeling of the relationship between cognitive avoidance and rumination with clinical symptoms of OCD with mediating role of cognitive failure was studied.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive correlational study, 220 patients with OCD were selected from Urmia psychological clinics and completed YBOCS, RRS, CAQ, and CFQ questionnaires. For data analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used.
Results: The results showed that the modified final model is best fitted with present research data and cognitive avoidance, rumination, and cognitive failure paths with OCD and cognitive avoidance, and rumination paths with cognitive failure were significant. Also, indirect paths such as cognitive avoidance and rumination to OCD were significant.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that in addition to the direct relationship, cognitive failure can adjust the relationship between cognitive avoidance and rumination with OCD.
Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei, Gholamreza Chalabianloo, Neda Seyedi,
Volume 20, Issue 10 (1-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The activation of inflammatory cascades reactions has been consistently demonstrated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Among several neuroinflammatory mechanisms, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling system has a central role in this process. The abnormal production of inflammatory factors may accompany the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. We aimed to examine serum levels of soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR1) in patients with MCI and AD as compared to cognitively unimpaired elderly subjects. We further aimed to investigate whether abnormal levels of these cytokines predict the progression from MCI to AD upon follow up.
Materials and Methods: We utilized cross-sectional determination of serum levels of sTNFR1 (ELISA method) in a test group comprising 150 older adults (30 AD, 60 MCI, and 60 healthy controls), and longitudinal reassessment of clinical status after12 months.
Results: At baseline, there were statistically significant differences in serum sTNFR1 between patients with MCI and AD and controls (p< 0.05). Also, patients with MCI who had more disorder in diagnostic functions and progressed to AD after one year, had significantly higher serum sTNFR1 levels as opposed to patients who retained the diagnosis of MCI upon follow up (p=0.03).
Conclusion: The results showed that abnormal activation of TNF signaling system, represented by increased expression of sTNFR1, is associated with a higher risk of progression from MCI to AD.
Alireza Zoalfaghari, Hadi Bahrami, Kamran Ganji,
Volume 20, Issue 12 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The present study aims to provide a comparative analysis of studies on Acceptance-Commitment and Cognitive-Behavioral interferences effectiveness on generalized Anxiety disorder.
Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental research. Students at the Islamic Azad University of Toyserkan, Iran, who have been in contact with the counseling office in the educational year 2016-2017, were selected as statistical population. These students, in a diagnostic interview with a psychiatrist, met the DSM5 standards for generalized anxiety disorder and were approved by a trusted psychiatrist. Then, these selected subjects gave average or more score in beck anxiety test and were randomly divided into two groups of 20. After executing interferences for each group, data were analyzed by t-test and covariance.
Results: The findings indicated that the average acceptance and commitment interference was 12.3 (t= 16.01 and p < 0.001) and the average cognitive-behavioral interference was 11.25 (t= 10.60 and p < 0.001) on generalized anxiety disorder. Also, covariance analysis showed that ACT was more effective than CBT and f (0.03) was significant. Therefore, all hypotheses turned out to be approved.
Conclusion: The research demonstrated that both interferences are effective in treating generalized anxiety disorder, although Acceptance and Commitment interference is more effective than Cognitive and Behavioral interference.
Azadeh Agahi, Gholamali Hamidi, Mahmoud Salami, Azam Alinaghipour, Reza Daneshvar Kakhaki, Masoud Soheili,
Volume 20, Issue 12 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a most common neurodegenerative disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer disease.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted among 48 AD patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=23 in control group and n=25 in probiotic group) treating with capsules 500mg containing maltodextrine (control group) and probiotic supplementation (probiotic group) for 12 weeks. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and TYM test score was recorded in all subjects before and after treatment.
Results: After 12 weeks intervention, compared with the control group, the probiotic treated, patients with mild degree of Alzheimer disease showed an improvement in the MMSE, TYM score
(p < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Our current study demonstrated that probiotic consumption for 12 weeks positively affects cognitive function in mild degree of AD.
Masoume Abbasi, Zabihollah Gharlipour, Ahmad Rahbar, Mr. Shahram Arsang-Jang, Ali Ebraze, Zohre Kazazlou,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In Iran, one quarter of couples experience infertility, which can affect various aspects of their marital life. The aim of this study was to compare psychological characteristics in fertile and infertile women referring to health centers and an infertility center in Qom.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 160 women. of all, 80 women were selected via simple random sampling method and were among those in reproductive age who referred to health centers to receive routine childcare services. The other 80 women were selected via simple random sampling method among infertile women who referred to the infertility center. The required data were collected using standard anxiety, depression, and marital adjustment questionnaires. Data were entered into SPSS V.20 software and were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test and Chi-square.
Findings: There were a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean scores of depression (p=0.005), anxiety (p=0.02), and marital adjustment (p=0.01), as the mean score of depression and anxiety was higher in fertile women than in infertile women. However, the mean score of marital adjustment was higher in infertile women than in fertile women.
Conclusion: Since fertility can be dependent on psychological factors and other underlying factors of an individual, therefore, it is necessary to consider the educational needs of fertile and infertile women. |
Zahra Zare Bidaki , Mohammad Mahdi Jahangiri,
Volume 21, Issue 7 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance-based treatment on psychological flexibility of mothers of children with autism disorder.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population of the present study included mothers with autistic children referring to the autism community in Qom city at 2017. According to the semi-experimental design and Criteria for research, a sample of 30 patients (each group of 15) was selected voluntarily. Samples were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of "acceptance and commitment therapy. The instrument for collecting information included the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II). Data were analyzed by SPSS software using covariance.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1396.39 has been approved by research ethics committee at Islamic Azad University of Mahallat, Iran.
Findings: Based on study findings, the acceptance- and commitment-based therapy had significant impact on psychological flexibility in mothers of children with autism.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in improving the mental health of mothers with childhood autism.
Tooraj Sepahvand,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Depression and social anxiety are prevalent disorders in children, that are related to cognitive pathology of parents. This research has been conducted with the aim of comparing depression and social anxiety in primary school children of normal mothers with high and low levels of cognitive flexibility.
Materials and Methods: This research was a causal-comparative design study. The population of the research was all the fourth to sixth grade of primary school children of Arak city (and their mothers) in 2016-2017 years. For selecting the research sample, the method of convenience sampling was used. Thus, based on scores of mothers in Cognitive Flexibility Scale, two groups of mothers with high and low levels of cognitive flexibility were selected, and the scores of their children that responsed to Children’s Depression Inventory and Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents, were compared by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.298 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Findings:The results indicated significant difference in the liner composition of dependent variables of two groups. (wilks, lambda= 0.892, F97,2= 14.474, p< 0.000). Univariate analysis of variance indicated that the children of mothers with low level of cognitive flexibility have more depression and social anxiety compared to children of mothers with high level of cognitive flexibility.
Conclusion: In general, cognitive flexibility of mothers is related to depression and social anxiety of children, probably by ability to perceive difficult situations as controllable, perceive alternative explanations of human behaviors and generate alternative solutions to difficult situations of responding to children. Therefore, mothers need to be more educated and refined in their cognitive flexibility so that they can cause more improvement in depression and social anxiety of children.
Seyed Ali Kazemi Rezaei, Sahar Khoshsorour, Robabeh Nouri,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Obesity with its various physical and mental problems threatens public health. This study aimed to investigate the discriminative role of metacognitive beliefs, the difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency in women with obesity.
Methods and Materials In this causal-comparative research, 40 obese women (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and 40 normal-weight subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. The samples were evaluated by metacognitive questionnaire, difficulties in emotion regulation scale, and the Farsi version of codependency measurement tool. We used discriminant function analysis to analyze the obtained data.
Ethical Considerations All study subjects signed the written consent form. The Research Ethics Committee of Kharazmi University approved this study (Code: IR.KHU.REC.1397.41).
Results The discriminant function could correctly classify 95% of obese people and 97.5% of normal-weight people with 3 variables of metacognitive beliefs, difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency. In other words, 96.25% of all participants had been classified correctly.
Conclusion Distinguishing the two groups of obese and normal people, the variables of metacognitive beliefs, difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency have a significant role. Therefore, these variables are supposedly influential psychological factors in obesity. So they can be used for its prevention and treatment.
Seyed Vali Kazemi Rezaei, Keivan Kakabraee, Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Psychological factors play a significant role in the exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teaching emotion regulation skill (based on dialectical behavioral therapy) on cognitive emotion regulation and Quality of Life (QoL) of patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Methods and Materials The present study has a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and the control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients with cardiovascular diseases in Kermanshah City, Iran in 2018. Among them, 30 participants were selected by simple random sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned to the two groups of experimental and control (each group 15 patients). We performed the intervention of excited ordering education based on dialectical behavioral therapy for the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. To collect study information, we used a short form of the emotional cognitive regulation questionnaire and MacNew Quality of Life Questionnaire. To analyze the data, we used the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS V. 20.
Ethical Considerations The Research Ethics Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.KUMS.REC.1397.39).
Results The results showed that the scores of Positive Cognitive-Emotional Strategies and quality of life of cardiovascular patients after training of emotional regulation skills based on dialectical behavioral therapy in experimental group significantly increased in comparison with control group, and also Negative Strategies Scores were decreased (P<0.01).
Conclusion Based on our positive study results, we recommend the therapists to use psychological treatments as complementary therapies for these patients.
Homa Yousefie, Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, Mohammad Reza Falsafinejad,
Volume 22, Issue 6 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Currently, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease has increased for a variety of reasons. Renal diseases, followed by dialysis and kidney transplantation, can greatly affect the People's physical and mental health. Since most of previous studies have examined the physical and often preoperative problems of kidney transplant patients and many of them have used quantitative methods, the present study aimed to investigate the psychological challenges of renal disease patients after Kidney transplantation.
Methods & Materials: The study population consisted of kidney transplant patients referred to the Nephrology Clinic of Labafinejad Hospitalin Tehran, Iran in 2019 aged 35-50 years and 1-5 years had passed since their transplantation. A semi-structured in-depth interview was done for collecting information. A purposive sampling and continued until data saturation and until no themes were available. In the end, 15 patients were interviewed. Data analysis was performed by Colaizzi’s method.
Ethical Considerations: This study with a code of IR.IAU.SRE.1398.022 was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch in Tehran, Iran.
Results: The primary themes were divided in to 3 main themes including: Concerns and psychologically disturbing feelings, emotional and spiritual support of the family, and uncertainty of receiving specialized, financial and welfare support.
Conclusion: Patients with kidney disease after transplantation surgery have psychological challenges in addition to physical problems that are of great importance to mental health professionals. Studying these challenges can provide a deeper understanding of their psychological problems and adaptation after surgery.
Ali Esfahani, Shirin Zeinali, Roghayeh Kiani,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women which leaves a profound impact on their psychosocial health and pain experience. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of group psychotherapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on pain-related anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation of women with breast cancer.
Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, subjects were 68 women with breast cancer refereed to Shahid Ghazi Hospitalin Tabriz, Iran who were selected using a convenience sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n = 34) and control (n = 34). The intervention group underwent eight 90-min sessions of ACT-based group therapy, while the control group received no any intervention. They completed Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale Short Form and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire before and one week after treatment. Collected ata were analyzed by using t test, chi-square test, ANCOA and MANCOVA.
Ethical Considerations This study has obtained its ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1397.287) and has been registered by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (code: IRCT2017100615590N5).
Results: The ACT-based intervention improved the dimensions of pain-related anxiety (8.44±1.5) and cognitive regulation of negative (8.40±3.5) and positive (8.39±7.5) affects (P<0.001).
Conclusion: ACT-based intervention can help breast cancer patients to accept their negative thoughts and current conditions.
Atefe Zarastvand, Taher Tizdast, Javad Khalatbari, Shahnam Abolghasemi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on marital self-regulation, marital burnout, and self-criticism of infertile women.
Methods & Materials: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all the infertile women of Mazandaran Province, Iran, in 2018-2019. In this study, 30 infertile women were considered the sample size in the experimental group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (of 15 infertile women) and control (15 infertile women). The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (10 sessions 60 minutes), but the control group received no training. To collect data, we used the marital self-regulation scale of Wilson and et al., the marital burnout scale of Pines, and the self-criticism scale of Thompson and Zuroff. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V. 24 with descriptive and inferential statistics (multivariable analysis of covariance).
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethical code IR.IAU.TON.REC.1397.030 was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Islamic Azad University Tonekabon Branch.
Results: The results showed that the scores of marital self-regulation of infertile women after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the experimental group significantly increased in comparison with the control group, and also marital burnout, and self-criticism scores were decreased (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and therapists use mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to improve marital self-regulation, marital burnout, and self-criticism of infertile women.
Ayatollah Fathi, Solmaz Sadeghi, Ali Akbar Maleki Rad, Hossein Rostami, Karim Abdolmohammadi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Anxiety is one of the clinical signs of viral diseases such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can threaten the immune system. This study aims to investigate the effect of health-promoting lifestyle and psychological well-being on COVID-19-induced anxiety in non-medical students
Methods & Materials: This is an analytical/correlational study conducted on 307 non-medical students of Islamic Azad University in Tabriz, Iran, who were participated voluntarily in the study. They completed the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale developed by Alipour et al. (2019), Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB), and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) developed by Walker et al. (1987). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 20 software by using the stepwise regression analysis
Ethical Considerations: This research conducted based on the Ethical Committee of University of Tabriz (TABRIZU.REC.1399.018).
Results: Two SPWB components of “personal growth” and “positive relations with others” were able to predict the COVID-19-induced anxiety, which together explained 72% of anxiety variance in students. Moreover, two HPLP components of “spiritual growth” and “responsibility” could predict the COVID-19-induced anxiety and together explained 9% of the anxiety variance.
Conclusion: Promoting personal and spiritual growth, having positive relations with others, and responsibility can significantly reduce the anxiety induced by the COVID-19.
Mohammad Sadegh Maschi, Sheida Sodagar, Farhad Jomehri, Marjan Hosseinzadeh Taghvai, Mojgan Forootan,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patients with the symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases and ulcers constitute a large number of patients referring to general and internal clinics. Furthermore, preliminary studies on gastric ulcers highlighted the role of psychological factors in the development of a susceptible gastric ulcer. The current study aimed to determine the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on pain intensity and stress coping styles in patients with gastric ulcers.
Methods & Materials: This was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest-follow-up and a control group design. The statistical population included all patients with a gastric ulcer who were referred to public health centers in Tehran City, Iran, in the winter of 2018. Among the volunteers participating in the study, 30 patients with gastric ulcers were selected by the convenience sampling method. Next, they were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). Measurement tools included the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS; Endler & Parker, 1990). The experimental group subjects participated in eight 90-minute sessions of CBT. However, the controls received no psychological treatment in this period. For data analysis, repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests were applied.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch (Code: IR.IAU.K.REC.1397.85).
Results: The present research results signified that CBT improved problem-oriented coping styles (P<0.01) and decreased emotion-focused coping styles (P<0.01) and avoidance (P<0.01) in the test group. Besides, the mean scores of pain intensity decreased in the experimental group, compared to the controls (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The provided CBT was effective on pain intensity and stress coping styles in patients with gastric ulcers.
Shohreh Mortezaei Shemirani, Bagher Sanaei Zaker, Biuok Tajeri, Sheida Sodagar, Farahnaz Meschi,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite numerous advances in treating various diseases and increased life expectancy, obesity will be the leading cause of hopelessness in the next 100 years. The present study aimed to compare the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on lifestyle habits, disordered eating behavior, and health-promoting lifestyle in obese women.
Methods & Materials: The statistical population consisted of all women referring to obesity clinics in district 2 of Tehran City, Iran, in 2019. Forty-Five patients were selected by convenience sampling method and replaced in 3 groups of 15 (two experimental & one control groups). The study participants were assessed using the Assessment of Life Habits Scale (LIFE-H)), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). The ACT group underwent nine 90-minute sessions and the CBT group received eight 90-minute sessions. The control group received no training. The collected data were analyzed using Mixed Design and repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SPSS.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch (Code: IR.IAU.K.REC.1398.039).
Results: The present research results signified that ACT and CBT were effective on the habits of eating disorders and health-promoting lifestyles in the explored obese women. The achieved changes remained stable until the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Moreover, ACT was more successful than CBT in improving the components of life habits and health responsibilities in the study subjects (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of group-based ACT and CBT, it is recommended to use these methods to increase the mental health of obese individuals.
Sedigheh Safaeian Titkanlou, Toktam Maleki Shahmahmood, Zahra Ghayoumi-Anaraki, Fatemeh Haresabadi, Majid Haddadi Avval, Mohaddeseh Soltani, Mohsen Rajati Haghi,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Phonological awareness skills, as part of phonological processing abilities, can predict the extent of success in acquiring written and reading skills. Phonological awareness skills are of concern in children with severe and profound hearing loss, which has been less studied in this population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate these skills in Cochlear-Implanted (CI) children and compare them with their healthy counterparts.
Methods & Materials: The study population included 25 CI children and 25 healthy children, aged 4-6 years, who were monolingual Persian speakers. The selected CI and healthy children were selected from the Rehabilitation Center of Naqmeh and the Kindergartens in Mashhad, City, Iran, respectively. After selecting each participant, the test of phonological awareness was administered. To compare the mean scores of each subtest, the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS v. 21 using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MUMS.REC.1396.263).
Results: The mean scores of CI children were significantly lower than that of their healthy peers in all phonological awareness subscales (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that healthy children presented better performance than the CI children in the phonological awareness test. Poor phonological awareness skills in CI children seem to be associated with hearing deprivation before cochlear implantation; thus, it requires to speed up surgery at an early age and the implementation of an effective rehabilitation program.
Seifollah Aghajani, Sahar Khoshsorour, Sara Taghizadeh Hir,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in women with extensive associated biopsychological problems. The present study aimed to determine the effects of holographic reprocessing therapy on cognitive flexibility and posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer.
Methods & Materials: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population included all patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and who were being treated in the chemotherapy ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil City, Iran, in 2020.
By convenience sampling method, 30 women with breast cancer were selected and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). The experimental group, while receiving pharmacotherapy, collectively underwent holographic reprocessing therapy in 9 one-hour sessions (two sessions per week) for 5 weeks; however, the control group received only pharmacotherapy. Both research groups were assessed in pretest and posttest phases by the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996). Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS v. 23.
Ethical Considerations: All study subjects provided a signed written informed consent form. The Research Ethics Committee of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.ARUMS.REC.1399.393).
Results: The current study results indicated that holographic reprocessing therapy was effective on cognitive flexibility (F= 42.319, P<0.01) and posttraumatic growth (F= 18.300, P<0.01) in women with breast cancer; this method also increased their cognitive flexibility and posttraumatic growth.
Conclusion: Considering psychological factors and information processing methods in patients with cancer is highly important. Thus, counselors and psychotherapists are advised to use holographic reprocessing therapy as a complementary treatment without adverse effects along with medical treatments to reduce the psychosocial problems caused by the disease.
Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe, Abbas Abolghasemi, Seyyed Mousa Kafi Masouleh,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The concept of resilience has been recently extensively considered concerning sports studies; accordingly, in most qualitative studies, it has been used to explore the attitudes of coaches, athletes, and sports psychologists. In this regard, the present study aimed to determine resilience in athletic students based on dark triad personality and psychological wellbeing.
Methods & Materials: This was a descriptive and correlational study. The population of the study consisted of all male students of Guilan University of Physical Education in the first semester of the academic year 2019-2020. A sample of 200 individuals was selected by convenience sampling method; then, the required data were collected using Sheard et al.’s (2009) Resilience Scale for Adults, Jonsson and Webster’s Dark Triad Personality Questionnaire, and Ryff’s 18-item Psychological Wellbeing Scale (1989). The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.GUMS.REC.1398.121).
Results: The present research results suggested a positive and significant correlation between the resilience of the examined athletic students and narcissism (r=0.495, P<0.001), self-acceptance (r=0.598, P<0.001), purposefulness in life (r=0.556, P<0.001), personal growth (r=0.648, P<0.001), the mastery of the environment (r=0.645, P<0.001), positive correlation with others (r=0.569, P<0.001), and independence (r=0.381, P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between antisocial behavior (r=-0.557, P<0.001) and Machiavelli’s aspect (r=-0.604, P<0.001), and the explored students’ resilience. Additionally, multiple regression analysis data revealed that dark triad personality and psychological wellbeing predict 62% of resilience in the study subjects.
Conclusion: The current investigation results signified a significant correlation between dark triad personality and psychological wellbeing, and resilience in athletic students. Accordingly, educators and teachers need to pay more attention to the role of psychological wellbeing and different dimensions of athletes’ personalities for promoting the health and performance of students.
Nasrin Goodarzi, Javid Peymani, Hasan Ashayeri, Farahnaz Meschi, Mehrdad Sabet, Mohammad-Esmaeil Akbari,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In every age of history, human beings have been afflicted with the fear of disease. Undoubtedly, cancer is among the most concerning diseases; cancer pain is among the major pains. The present study aimed to compare the effects of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on multidimensional pain symptoms in patients with breast cancer.
Methods & Materials: The present study was applied concerning the purpose and applied a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, a two-month follow-up, and control group design. The statistical population was all women with breast cancer referring to Tehran Cancer Research Center in 2018 who were selected by convenience sampling method, consisting of 30 patients. They were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and the control group. The repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the obtained data. The research instrument was a multidimensional pain questionnaire (West Hyun-Yale) to evaluate multiple pain indices.
Results: The current study results suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy were effective on pain experience (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference between the intervention groups respecting pain experience.
Conclusion Based on the present research findings, cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy impacted the management and pain intensity of patients with breast cancer.
Behzad Salmani, Jaafar Hasani,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background & Aim: This study aimed at comparing efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy, Zolpidem 10 mg, and waiting list group on illness perception and sleep efficiency in individuals with chronic insomnia disorder.
Materials & Methods: Participants included 74 (female = 43) individuals with chronic insomnia disorder who were recruited from 2018 December to 2020 February by purposive sampling (inclusive & exclusive criteria). Then, patients randomly allocated to one of the three conditions, including cognitive behavioral therapy (N=25), pharmacotherapy (Zolpidem 10 mg.; N=29), and the waiting list (N=20). All patients were assessed three times at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up by the Persian version of Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and Sleep Efficiency Index. The data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc test and repeated measure analysis of variance.
Ethical Considerations: All stages of the research have been carried after taking supervising and approving of Kharazmi University's ethics in research committee.
Findings: The patients who received cognitive behavioral therapy compared to patients in waiting list group, obtained significantly lower scores in illness perception and sleep efficiency during post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Efficacy of pharmacotherapy only observed during post-treatment but there were no significant differences between pharmacotherapy and waiting list patients during 3-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia reduced significantly illness perceptions and sleep efficiency during 3 months. All the treatment gains remain stable even 3 months later treatment ends. In addition, not receiving any treatment in waiting list and gradually discontinued the treatment in pharmacotherapy group leads to decreasing of sleep efficiency and increasing of illness perception.
