Showing 73 results for Stress
Amin Mombeyni, Mehdi Bahmanzade, Abbas Sarami, Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani, Mohammad Parastesh,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Following physical activity in various tissues of the body, oxidative stress occurs and affects the antioxidant capacity and consequently the fertility of men negatively. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress and spermatogenesis quality.
Materials and Methods: 20 male rats of Sprague Dawley (weight 200-250, 4 months old) were randomly divided into two groups of resistance training and control group (n = 10). The exercise program included climbing a ladder by hanging the load to the tail for 8 weeks (5 days a week, 3 times 4 repetitions). During the program, the load gradually was increased, and in the last week, it reached to 200% of the animal body weight. After intervention, the mice were anesthetized in separate groups and testicular tissue was isolated to evaluate Malondialdehyde index as an oxidative stress marker and to determine antioxidant capacity by Frap method. Fixation, processing, cutting of testicular tissue and eventually coloring steps were examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E). The spermatogenesisqualitywas calculated based on Johnson method. The data were analyzed by independent t-test was used and significance level was considered p <0.05.
Findings: Increased Malondialdehyde levels were observed in the treatment group compared to control group (p =0.01). In the training group, the spermatogenesis quality was lower (p =0.013), the antioxidant capacity in the training group was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.83) and there isn’t any significant difference.
Conclusion: The findings indicate thatdue to increased oxidative stress, increasing resistance training may have negative effects on the quality of spermatogenesis and men's fertility. |
Asma Mahmoodi, Farhad Ghadiri, Ali Rashidi-Pour,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Stress is a powerful modulator of memory performance. Emotional arousal affects the various aspects of learning and memory through stimulation of the amygdala or the hippocampus. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of stress related acute exercise on reconsolidation of dart throwing task learned with errorless method.
Materials and Methods: Participants of the study included 60 girls with an average age of 20.5 who were randomly assigned to three groups including: target (n = 20), control (n=20), and control 2 (n = 20). On the first day, all three groups under the same conditions acquired the skill of throwing darts in an errorless method and immediately after that performed the immediate retrieval. On the second day, after memory reactivation, the target group was exposed to stress resulting of acute exercise while the control 1 group did rest. The acute stress was presented to control 2 group without memory reactivation. During the experiment, changes in salivary cortisol were measured. On the third day, the delayed memory retrieval for each of the three groups was implemented.
Findings: the results showed that while the control 1 and control 2 groups did not show enhancement of dart throwing learning across delayed memory retrieval than immediate retrieval, the target group showed substantial enhancement across the same time (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that acute stress after memory reactivation can facilitate the implicit motor memory reconsolidation in women.
Mehri Jamilian, Nazanin Ravanbakhsh,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: We are aware of no study that examined the effects of vitamin E plus omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E plus omega-3 supplementation on insulin metabolism and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 60 women with GDM. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 400 IU vitamin E plus 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acid supplements (n=30) or placebo (n=30) for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at study baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention to quantify biochemical variables.
Findings: Vitamin E plus omega-3 fatty acid supplementation led to a significant rise in plasma total antioxidant capacity (+187.5±224.9 vs. -32.5±136.1 mmol/L, p<0.001) and a significant decrease in MDA levels (-0.1±0.9 vs. +0.6±1.4 µmol/L, p=0.04) compared with placebo. Furthermore, a significant increase in plasma NO levels (+5.0±7.7 vs. -12.0±28.0 µmol/L, p=0.002) was seen after vitamin E plus omega-3 fatty acid supplementation compared with the placebo.
Conclusion: Vitamin E plus omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in GDM women had beneficial effects on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress.
Fatemeh Samimi, Maryam Baazm, Ebrahim Eftekhar, Farideh Jalali Mashayekh,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Oxidative stress is the main factor in the development and progression of diabetes and its related complications. There is growing evidence that antioxidants supplementation can improve oxidative stress induced in diabetes. The present investigation was conducted to study the effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) in diabetic rats.
Methods and Materials A total of 30 male rats were divided into five groups: saline, sesame oil (as a vehicle), CoQ10-treated (10 mg/kg/day), diabetic (induced with streptozotocin: 55 mg/kg), and CoQ10-treated diabetic (10 mg/kg/d). Then, we measured the Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels in the rats’ liver homogenate. Additionally, the OSI was calculated.
Ethical Considerations The Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.119).
Results results showed a significant decrease in the level of liver MDA (P=0.022), TOS (P=0.03), and OSI (P=0.028) in the CoQ10-treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic rats. No significant change was observed in the total thiol group (P=0.25) and TAC (P=0.77) level in diabetic rats’ livers treated with CoQ10 compared to diabetic rats.
Narges Ensan, Isaac Rahimian Boogar, Siavash Talepasand, Fariborz Estilaee,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an unpredictable disease that can change individuals' lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on functional disability of patients with MS.
Methods & Materials The is an experimental study with pre-test/post-test/follow up design using control group. The study population consisted of all male and female patients with MS living in Neyshabur county, Iran. Of these, 47 were selected using a convenience sampling technique and randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n=22) and control (n=25). The intervention group received MBSR therapy for 8 sessions, while the control group received no intervention. The follow-up was performed after one month. Subjects’ functional disability was measured by using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.21 software usingrepeated measurements Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Ethical Considerations This study obtained its ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences (code: IR. NUMS.REC.1397.004)
Results The results of univariate ANOVA showed the significant effect of time and the interaction effect of time and group on functional disability of samples. The results of between-group ANOVA a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in functional disability (p <0.05). Pairwise comparison of the interaction effect of time and group showed a significant difference between the pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores (P = 0.001), but no significant difference was reported between the post-test and follow-up scores.
Conclusion The MBSR program could reduce the functional disability in patients with MS due to ease of treatment, faster patient education, and the short duration of intervention sessions.
Zohreh Dehghani, Reza Tajik, Ramin Zare,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: High occupational stress reduces the workers’ concentrations and decision-making power. In industries with high risks in term of exposure to hazards, there may be negative consequence. This study aimed to investigate relationship between Occupational Stress (OS) and the job-related risks in the steel industry.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive-analytical study with cross-sectional design carried out in a steel industry located in Lorestan province of Iran in 2017. For risk and OS assessments, the Melbourne University’s 3D risk assessment model and the United Kingdom's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) questionnaire were used. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests in SPSS V. 22.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the Code: IR.NREC.007.1394.05.
Results: A total of 182 job-related risks were identified for 14 job titles. 19.3% of subjects had high OS level. The risk rank had a statistically significant correlation with overall OS score (P=0.03), and OS dimensions of control (P=0.02) and demand (P=0.02). There was no significant difference between the mean OS score and age, work experience, educational level.
Conclusion: Due to the relationship of risk amount and OS among workers in the steel industry, Planning to control stressors in the workplace and managing occupational risks by reducing the likelihood and consequence of job-related risks seems essential.
Raheleh Firouzi, Taher Tizdast, Javad Khalatbari, Shohreh Ghorban Shiroudi,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between stress coping strategies and difficulties in emotion regulation mediated by marital life quality in married women with breast cancer.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study. The study population included all married women with breast cancer in Amol and Babol cities of Iran in 2018. Of these, 385 were selected through a convenience sampling technique. The research instruments were Ways Of Coping Questionnaire, Difficulties In Emotion Regulation Scale and Marital Life Quality Scale. The goodness-of-fit of proposed model was examined by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in LISREL software. The indirect correlations were tested by using Preacher and Hayes’ bootstrapping method .
Ethical Considerations: This study received its ethical approval from Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon Branch (Code: IR.IAU.TON.REC.1397.029). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Results: The proposed model had good fit (RMSEA=0.057). All direct correlations were reported significant (P<0.05). Moreover, indirect paths between stress coping strategies and difficulties in emotion regulation through mediation by marital life quality were significant.
Conclusion: The proposed model had a good fit and can be used in identifying the factors affecting difficulties in emotion regulation. It can be useful for designing and developing programs to prevent emotions problems in women with breast cancer.
Ashraf Allahyar, Ali Zeinali,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents. Due to its specific problems, it can sometimes lead to substance abuse in adolescents through reduced health and increased depression and stress. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of substance abuse with depression and stress in diabetic adolescents mediated by conflict resolution and problem solving skills.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive/correlational study. The study population consisted of all diabetic adolescent members of Urmia Diabetes Association and those referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital and diabetes specialists in Urmia city in Spring 2019. Of these, 206 were selected using a purposive sampling method. data collection tools were Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory - Adolescents Version (Miller & Lazowski, 2001), Beck’s Depression Inventory (Beck et al, 1988), The Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al, 1983), Problem Solving Inventory (Heppner & Petersen, 1982) and Conflict Resolution Style Inventory (Weeks, 1994). Collected data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling in SPSS and LISREL applications.
Ethical Considerations All ethical principles were considered in this study,.
Results: Depression and stress directly had a negative and significant effect on conflict resolution and problem solving skills, but had no significant effect on substance abuse. Conflict resolution and problem solving skills directly had a negative and significant effect on substance abuse. Moreover, depression and stress indirectly had a significant effect on substance abuse through medication by conflict resolution and problem solving skills (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Depression and stress can lead to increased substance abuse in diabetic adolescents by decreasing conflict resolution and problem solving skills. Therefore, in order to reduce substance abuse in these patients, it is recommended to hold training workshops to reduce their depression and stress and improve conflict resolution and problem solving skills.
Soheila Zolfaghari, Omid Moradi, Hamzeh Ahmadian, Narges Shams Alizadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The quality of sexual satisfaction of couples plays an essential role in marital dissatisfaction; therefore, sexual satisfaction training can be effective in reducing this marital problem. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sexual satisfaction model training on reducing couples’ distress among couples referring to counseling centers.
Methods & Materials: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study included all couples referring to counseling centers in Sanandaj City, in the academic year of 2019-2020. The instruments used in this research were Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). After selecting the sample and randomly forming two groups of 30 experimental and control groups, a pretest was conducted on the study groups. The researcher provided eight 90-minutes training sessions to the experimental group as a model of sexual satisfaction. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MUK.REC.1397.5037).
Results: The current research results revealed a significant difference (P≤0.001) between the experimental and control groups concerning marital boredom (F=35.581) and its dimensions, including physical fatigue (F=25.074), emotional exhaustion (F=39.031), and mental exhaustion (F=35.020); the effect of the educational program was equal to 0.42, 0.31, 0.41, and 0.39, respectively.
Conclusion: The present study findings indicated that sex education model training was effective in reducing couples’ referrals to counseling centers.
Sahar Dehghani, Leila Rouhi, Noosha Ziya Jahromi, Reza Dehghani, Khalil Khashei Varnamkhasti,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Proliferate potential differentiate into different cell lineages and high self-renewal of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs); thus, they are ideal tools for regenerative medicine. However, a leading problem is an oxidative stress in the target tissue and the apoptosis of transplanted stem cells before tissue repair. The pretreatment of stem cells with antioxidants may make them resistant to oxidative stress. Ginger is the main medicinal plant with antioxidant properties. This study explored the antioxidant effects of ginger extract on bioavailability and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow examined.
Methods & Materials: In this study, human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow were cultured in a DMEM medium with 20% FBS. The explored cells were incubated for 4 and 6 hours for pretreatment with different concentrations of ginger extract (50, 100, 200, & 400 mg/mL); then, they were treated with 200 μM H2O2 for 2 hours. Bioavailability was analyzed by ELISA reader using an MTS kit and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI kit into the manufacturer’s protocol at both times. The obtained data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee of Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.SHK.REC.1397.028).
Results: The MTS results indicated a dose- and time-dependent manner increase in the bioavailability of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal treated stem cells. Ginger extract treatment also dose- and time-dependently decreased the rate of apoptosis in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
Conclusion: Ginger extract, by reducing the oxidative stress in mesenchymal stem cells, elevates their lifespan in the target tissue, and increases the efficiency of these cells in tissue regeneration.
Fatemeh Samimi, Reza Azizi, Farideh Jalali Mashayekhi,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (11-2021)
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new member of the coronavirus family causing acute respiratory infection. Patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of developing oxidative stress during this infection. Moreover, the virus induces ROS production that activates cellular pathways for viral replication.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription factor in cellular antioxidant defense by mediating Virus-induced oxidative stress and ROS production. This article suggests that an Nrf2 activator may be beneficial in preventing oxidative stress development in COVID-19 patients. Coronaviruses are a significant group of viruses that cause different illnesses in humans and animals. These illnesses can range from the common cold to more severe diseases such as SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. COVID-19 is a new viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The main symptoms of COVID-19-infected patients are fever, dry cough, fatigue, and sometimes respiratory problems such as shortness of breath, sore throat, and infection [1].
Zeynab Beiranvand, Mahbobeh Sajadi, Majid Taheri, Soheila Shamsikhani,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Moral stress happens when a person makes a moral decision but cannot accomplish it, mainly due to internal and external organizational limitations. Problem-solving skills training as one of the principles of stress management may be effective in controlling nurses’ moral stress. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of problem-solving skills training on the moral stress of novice nurses.
Methods & Materials This study was a clinical trial performed on 70 novice nurses working in Shohaday Khorramabad Hospital, Khorramabad City, Iran. The samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into intervention (n=36) and control (n=35) groups. The study data were collected by demographic questionnaire and Corley’s moral distress scale. Before the intervention, participants of both groups completed those questionnaires. Then for the intervention group, a problem-solving skills workshop was held in six 2-hour sessions. After training, the Corley moral distress scale was completed again by participants of both groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired, and independent t tests in SPSS software v. 16.
Ethical Considerations This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ethical code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.449. Informed consent was taken from all participants, and they were assured of keeping their information confidential.
Results In this study, most participants were around 25 years old. Also, 98.5% had Bachler’s degrees, and 1.5% had Master’s degrees. The study results showed that the mean of moral distress in the intervention was significantly different from before the intervention (P<0.05).
Conclusion This study showed that applying problem-solving skills has a significant effect in decreasing the moral distress of novice nurses in the clinical setting.
Nasin Asadi, Amineh Ahmadi, Asadollah Abbasi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim The occupational environment, the type of work overload or underload, physical risks, how individuals adapt to the workplace, and face the family - work constitute the sources of stress or occupational distress. Job stress emerges as the duties and tasks assigned to people are more than their abilities. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress management training and work ethics of employees.
Methods & Materials This research was an applied study in terms of purpose, a mixed exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) study in terms of data, a content analysis (qualitative stage) and cross-sectional survey (quantitative stage) in term of conduct. The study population in the qualitative section comprised experts (Experts in Psychology, Educational Management, and Social Medicine) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the qualitative section, the study population included experts and managers who had received stress management training. Sample size and sampling method in qualitative part was based on the principle of theoretical saturation, resulting in 12 people using purposive sampling method. In the quantitative part, the sampling was based on the Cochran’s formula, resulting in 220 people who were selected using cluster sampling method.
Ethical Considerations This barcode research was presented to the Ethics Committee and registered in the system (IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1400.121).
Results The results showed that to deal with stressful situations, three basic strategies of event-focused coping, anxiety-focused coping, and avoidance-focused coping strategies can be used for stress management training models. Overall, the components presented for coping with stressful conditions have the necessary and appropriate validities. All three main coping strategies (event-focused, anxiety-focused, and refusal-focused) are suitable for explaining and fitting. So, they all are reliable and confirmed in the current research questionnaire of coping with stress.
Conclusion Strategies for coping with stressful situations have a different effect on people’s professional work ethics so that the event-focused coping strategy has a significant positive relationship with professional ethics. On the other hand, the anxiety-focused and avoidance-focused coping strategies have negative and decreasing relationship with professional ethics. The more emphasis on the event-focused coping strategy, the more would be the professional ethics of individuals and the more emphasis on the anxiety-focused and avoidance-focused coping strategies, the less would be the professional ethics of individuals..
Azam Nazemi Harandi, Shadi Jazayeri, Haeideh Saberi,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Emotional/social problems in childhood are associated with delinquency in adolescence, violence in adulthood, and anxiety disorders. This study aims to investigate the role of parents’ stress and perceived social support in predicting children’s emotional/social problems.
Methods & Materials This is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population includes all parents and their children referred to health centers in Pardis, Tehran, Iran in 2020 who had children under 5 years of age. Of these, 230 parents were selected by a convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the Parental Stress index, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support and the child behaviour questionnaire-parent form. For data analysis, multiple regression analysis was used in SPSS software, version 25.
Results Among participants, 42.6% were employed and 57.4% were housekeeper. The mean age of participants was 28.42±12.5 years. The results showed that parents’ stress and perceived social support had a significant role in predicting children’s emotional/social problems such that they explained 44.7% and 8.9% of the variance in children’s emotional/social problems.
Conclusion Parents’ stress and support from friends can be effective in predicting emotional/social problems of their children.
Negar Tagipor, Ali Zeinali,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep quality is one of the effective variables in other psychological characteristics, especially in multiple sclerosis patients. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of determine the role of interpersonal problems and illness perception in predicting sleep quality with mediating distress tolerance in multiple sclerosis patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was all patients who were members of the Multiple Sclerosis Association of Urmia township in the first quarter of 2021 year. The sample size was estimated 315 people who were selected by available sampling method. The research data were collected by Barkham et all short version of interpersonal problems inventory (1996), Broadbent et all brief illness perception questionnaire (2006), Buysse et all Pittsburgh sleep quality index (1989) and Simons & Gaher distress tolerance scale (2005) and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and path analysis methods in SPSS-19 and PLS-3 software. This research with the IR.IAU.URMIA.REC.1400.022 ethics code is approved by the ethics committee in biomedical research of Islamic Azad University of Urmia branch.
Results: The results showed that the increase of interpersonal problems and negative perception of illness led to decrease the distress tolerance and loss of sleep quality and an increase of distress tolerance improved sleep quality. In addition, the decrease of interpersonal problems and negative perception of illness with mediating distress tolerance led to improved sleep quality (P<0.01).
Conclusions: According to the results, to improve the sleep quality of multiple sclerosis patients can be increased the rate of their interpersonal problems and illness perception and decreased their distress tolerance.
Dr Roghayeh Kiyani, Ms Haleh Behroti,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Adverse effects of Coronavirus on somatic and mental health is undeniable .nurses staff are exposed to risk of somatic and psychological effects because of continuous working time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of training coping strategies with stress on distress tolerance and psychological empowerment of corona nurses in Khoy hospitals.
Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of research method with pre-test – post-test design with control group And from the statistical population that included all nurses in the corona ward of Khoy hospitals in 2021 , 30 people were selected as the available sample. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups (15 individuals in experimental group and 15 individuals in control group).In order to collect data, the Distress Tolerance Questionnaire and the Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire were used. The experimental group subjects participated in eight 90-minute sessions of training coping strategies with stress. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to test the hypotheses. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz (Code: REC.1400.135).
Results: The results showed that training coping strategies has increased distress tolerance and psychological empowerment in the post-test phase (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that teaching coping strategies can be used as an effective method to improve stress tolerance and psychological empowerment of coronary nurses.
Mohammad Amin Abdolahpur, Fateh Rahmani, Omid Isanejad,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: stress is an important criterion affecting personality on a general and minor level.
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the mediating role of stress in two diagnostic criteria of personality disorder, personality functioning (criterion A) and pathological personality traits (criterion B).
Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was students studying at the University of Kurdistan in the academic year 2020-2021. By the available sampling method, 313 (50.08% of women) completed online PID-5, LPFS and PSS-14 questionnaires. Data were analyzed by structural equation modelling and using AMOS software version 24 and SPSS.
Results: The result of the direct path shows the mediating role of stress on personality detachment (0.85) and antagonism (0.88) traits. However, psychoticism, negative affectivity and disinhibition traits do not play a mediating role. In general, there was a positive relationship between stress and personality functioning (0.45) and personality traits (0.27).
Conclusion: The undeniable impact of stress on both personality functioning and personality traits is apparent. Broadly speaking, stress influences the alternative model of personality disorders, encompassing criteria A and B.
Keywords: Stress, Personality traits, Level of personality functioning, AMPD, ICD-11
Mohammad Douzandeh Nargesi, Zohreh Teymori, Mehnoosh Tavakkolifard,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The stress caused by COVID-19 had affected many people in society, especially individuals at risk. The present study was carried out to investigate, firstly, whether COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug-dependent people undergoing treatment. Secondly, the study was conducted to know whether rumination has an indirect effect on the aggression of substance-dependent people under treatment through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Methods: In this correlational analytical study, 136 patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone who were willing to enter the study were investigated by the available sampling method in two addiction treatment centers in the 1st and 2nd districts. The data collection tools in the present study included the Corona Disease Anxiety Questionnaire, Rumination Questionnaire, and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. After collecting the data, the anxiety score of each participant was measured from 0 to 54, the rumination score from 0 to 88, and the aggression score from 29 to 145. Then, the data was analyzed using Lisrel statistical software.
Results: Findings showed that the direct effect of rumination on aggression is 0.23, which is significant at the P < 0.01 level. Therefore, rumination has a positive and direct effect on aggression. Also, COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug addicts under treatment. In addition, the indirect effect of rumination on aggression is 0.25, which is significant. Thus, rumination has an indirect effect on aggression through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Conclusions: According to the high prevalence of psycho-social problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, addiction, job burnout, suicidal thoughts, violence, domestic and post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the post-corona era, we have witnessed a high amount of mental and social injuries in the world. For this reason, governments must screen psychologically vulnerable groups in advance.
Samaneh Ghobadi, Mr Keivan Kakabraee, Mahmoud Goudarzi,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: For many people, infertility is a prominent crisis and cause of mental stress that causes many unfavorable psychological reactions. The purpose of the research is to design a cognitive-behavioral coping training package with the stress of infertility and its effectiveness on the hope of infertile women.
Methods: The present study was conducted using a mixed method using the qualitative part, content analysis type, and the quantitative part, semi-experimental, in the pre-test-post-test-two-month follow-up design with the control group. The statistical population of this research was infertile women referring to infertility centers and gynecology and infertility specialists in Kermanshah in 2022. A sample of forty women was selected as a sample using the purposeful sampling method and replaced in two groups (experimental and control) in a simple random manner. Data were collected from Newton et al.'s infertility stress questionnaire (1999) and Schneider's Hope (1991). The data was analyzed using a content validity test and repeated measurement variance analysis tests.
Results: The designed educational package was valid and adequate. The findings showed a significant difference between pre-test, post-test, and follow-up in the component of hope, and this difference continued until the follow-up stage.
Conclusions: The educational package on cognitive-behavioral coping with the stress of infertility of infertile women can be used to reduce the stress and increase the hope of infertile women.
Zahra Zohre Vandi, Narges Babakhani, Afsaneh Taheri,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the lifestyle of improving the health and emotional distress of women undergoing infertility treatment with the in vitro fertilization (IVF) method.
Methods: The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF method referring to the infertility center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the first six months of 2012. In this research, 27 women undergoing infertility treatment with IVF method were selected by voluntary sampling method and replaced by random method in test and control groups. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy (10 sessions) for two and a half months. A health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP) and an emotional distress questionnaire (Lavibond and Lavibond, 1995) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: It showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the lifestyle level improves health (Eta = 0.56, F = 19.74) and has a significant effect on the dimensions of emotional disorders such as depression (P < 0.0001, Eta = 0.58, F = 0.58). F = 34), anxiety (P > 0001; Eta = 0.59; F = 35.69), and stress (P > 0.0001; Eta = 0.61; F = 40.12) of women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF, and has been able to lead to increase a healthy lifestyle, reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in these individuals.
Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy, utilizing six psychological acceptance processes, cognitive breakdown, self under context, interaction with the present, specified values, and committed behavior, can be used as an effective treatment to reduce emotional distress in women undergoing IVF infertility treatment.
