Showing 229 results for Men
Fatemeh Rostamkhani, Mohammad Ghamari, Vahideh Babakhani, Effat Sadat Merghati Khoei,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Sexual function is an important part of menopausal women's lives, and changes in it, especially during menopause, can affect their health. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the sexual function of postmenopausal women.
Methods & Materials This research was a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with control group. The statistical population of the study included postmenopausal women who referred to Zanjan Health Center in 2020 to receive services. Among them, 45 were selected using the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to three groups of 15, and control group using randomly assigned block allocation method. Therapeutic sessions were held in 8 sessions and each session was held for 2 hours. Data were collected by FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) and were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures analysis via SPSS software, version 24.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ZUMS.REC.1398.328).
Results In the post-test and follow-up phase, there was a significant difference between both CBT and ACT methods compared to the control group in sexual function respectively (P<0.05, F=17.857), (P<0.05, F=12.115). That is, treatment with CBT and ACT improved the sexual function of postmenopausal women, which had a lasting effect for three months, and there was no significant difference between the groups involved in sexual function (P>0.05, F=0.494).
Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance-based therapy have improved sexual function in postmenopausal women, so it is recommended that these therapies be used to improve the sexual function of postmenopausal women in health centers.
Ahmad Yaghoobi, Tahereh Bagherpoor, Nematollah Nemati,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Food and sports supplements are used by athletes all over the world, and correct and optimal consumption improves performance and prevents sports injuries. In this regard, creatine and ginseng supplements can be effective on physiological indicators and sports performance. Therefore, considering that no research has been done on the use of these supplements on blood indicators on fencers. The present study compares the effect of creatine and ginseng supplements on blood ammonia, HDL, LDL and homocysteine indices of the male players of the Iranian Epe fencing team.
Methods & Materials In the present study, 14 male players of the Epe national fencing team were divided into two creatine supplement groups (7 people) and ginseng supplement group (7 people). Subjects in two groups performed their normal exercises with the team during the research, and on the day before the measurement, after a specific activity in a sitting position, blood was taken from the arm vein of the subjects by a specialist. The statistical significance difference was determined at the level of P ≥ 0.05 and ANCOVA test was used to determine the differences between groups and the data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 25.
Ethical Considerations This article was approved by the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Shahrood Branch (Code: IR.IAU.SHAHROOD.REC.1400.073).
Results The results showed that after six weeks, there is a significant difference between the creatine and ginseng groups in the blood indices of ammonia, LDL, HDL and homocysteine (P≥0.05). so that the average of creatine supplement group in ammonia, LDL, HDL and homocysteine index in terms of mg/dL respectively (2.56±0.83, 1.16±0.33, 7.45±0.48, 8.89±0.18) and Gensing group (2.05±0.29, 1.46±0.78, 8.11±0.27, 7.63±0.45).
Conclusion The results showed that there is a significant difference in the average of blood ammonia, HDL, LDL and hemocytin between the creatine supplement group and the ginseng supplement group. Therefore, the role of ginseng supplement in reducing blood ammonia and homocysteine and in increasing HDL was more than that of creatine supplement, and the role of creatine supplement in reducing LDL was more than that of ginseng supplement. So it can be concluded that the role of ginseng supplement in the changes of blood ammonia, homocysteine and HDL is more than the role of creatine supplement.
Mrs Razieh Peyghambardoost, Mrs Soraya Soheili,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Background and Objectives: Low birth weight infants are at greater risk than normal infants and need care to achieve normal growth. This study aimed to The effect of continuous postpartum care at home on the growth and development of low birth weight infants.
Methods: The present study was a one-way blind clinical trial Which was performed for 90 low birth weight infants. Data collection tools included demographic information sheet and growth index registration form and low birth weight infant development questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Significance level is P <0.05.
Results: Average weight of the infants in the intervention group was 2313.08 ± 223.12 grams in the intervention group, and 2308.84 ± 247.61 grams in the control group. After the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean weight and head circumference of the neonates in the two groups; But the mean height and chest circumference of the two intervention and control groups in the second and third months were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Also the mean total developmental score (p < 0.0001) of low birth weight infants in the third month based on ASQ form was significantly different between the two groups. So that the mean score of problem solving domain, personal and social domain and the mean score of neonatal development in the third month in the intervention group was higher than the control.
Conclusions: Continuous postpartum care promotes the developmental indicators of low birth weight infants.
Mr Mohammad-Mehdi Khashmin, Mrs Farahnaz Hosseini, Mrs Samira Jafari, Mrs Sepideh Najafzade, Mr Human Ghasemi, Mrs Niloufar Darvishi, Mrs Asal Golchin,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is an injury to the central nervous system that is caused by several factors that affect a large number of people around the world. Emotion regulation refers to the processes by which we influence what emotions we experience, when we experience them, and how we express them. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of emotion regulation in predicting depressive symptoms in students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive correlational study. Participants were all students of the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences during 2020-2021. Three hundred and five participants were selected by available sampling method and randomly. Informed consent forms got from the participants, then they completed the Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale (CERQ-18). This research was reviewed in the ethics committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and approved with the ID IR.KUMS.REC.1400.623.
Results: In this study, the study population was 305 people, 9 of whom were excluded from statistical analysis due to incomplete answers. Total mean age was 50.08 ± 191.30 Of these, 198 (66.9%) were female and 98 (33.1%) were male. Self-blame strategies (β = 0.31, P≤0.001), positive reassessment (β = -0.26, P≤0.001), catastrophic (β = 0.26, P≤0.001), numerical importance (β = -0.12, P≤ 0.001) and positive refocus (β = -0.10, P≤0.001) in five steps predict 40% of the variance of depression. Inconsistent strategies such as self-blame and catastrophe directly and positive reassessment, insignificance and positive refocus inversely predict depression. Mahalanobis distance was used to investigate multivariate throw values. Statistical assumptions were tested by performing an initial regression analysis and evaluating the scatter plot of residues. After confirming the regression assumptions, the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The findings of our study showed that there is a significant direct relationship between self-blame and catastrophic thinking as maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation with depression. Also in our study among adaptive emotion regulation strategies; Positive refocusing, positive reassessment, and a small number had a significant negative correlation with depression.
Conclusions: The results of our study showed that emotion regulation strategies play an important role in predicting the occurrence of depression. Therefore, it is necessary for health policy makers to strengthen adaptive emotion regulation strategies in designing and modifying interventions related to depression.
Mr Mohsen Shamsi, Mr Ali Kulivand, Mr Mohammadjavad Ghannadzadeh, Ms Mahboobeh Khorsandi, Mr Seyedhamed Mirhosseini, Mr Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Mr Behrooz Karimi, Mr Seyednadali Alavi Bakhtiarvand, Ms Masoume Naderi Noreyni,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, with the increase in population, the per capita production of waste materials and the subsequent threat and destruction of the environment is an increasing process, and waste management by the people of a society can play an essential role in reducing this problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was determine of predicting the waste management behaviors of households in Arak city in 2022.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study that was carried out on 600 mothers of households in Arak city, who were selected by multi-stage sampling. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and behavior of households in the field of waste management. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and t-test, chi-square and regression tests. This study was approved by the research ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1401.040).
Results: The average age of the studied was 39±11 years and the number of family members was 3.6. In terms of type of housing, most of them lived in apartments (44%) and a smaller number lived in complexes (14%). 65 percent of the people had not received the training on the waste separation plan from the source, and among the effective training methods, the majority (38 percent) of the people had overestimated the effectiveness of the training through the Internet. The mean and standard deviation of knowledge was 66±19, attitude was 84±11 and performance was 73±18. The majority of the people studied had a good level of awareness and attitude. The regression analysis model showed that the greatest impact on the waste management behavior of the samples was the age of the people, their knowledge and attitude, which predicted a total of 33% of the waste management behavior.
Conclusions: Considering the favorable state of awareness and attitude of households in Arak city, it seems that for better waste management, other environmental factors should be emphasized, including sources of waste production at the source. Also, based on the prediction model, it is still important to inform and change the attitude of households in Arak city for better performance at younger ages.
Mr Abbas Bayat Asghari, Mr Javad Javaheri, Mr Alireza Manzari Tavakoli, Mr Hamid Mollayi Zarandi,
Volume 25, Issue 6 (3-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing on self-esteem in divorced women.
Methods: The current study was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population consisted of 260 divorced women aged 20 to 50. 60 women were selected based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assign to three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interview therapy and control group. The instrument of data collection was Rosenberg Self- Esteem Questionnaire. For the experimental groups, 12 sessions of 75 minutes were held. No intervention was done for the control group. Before the interventions and at the end of the study, people in all groups filled out the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interview and the control group in the comparison of the mean score of self-esteem variables (P<0.05). Also, in the one-by-one comparison of the cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interview therapy groups with the control group, there was a significant difference in the post-test stage (P<0.05).
Ethical considerations: In this research, the principle of confidentiality, preservation of personal information and non-disclosure of the identity of the participants were ensured and it was reminded that the obtained information will only be used statistically.
Conclusions: The findings indicate that cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing are effective in enhancing self-esteem in divorced women. It suggests that these two methods are used along with other psychological and pharmaceutical therapies for divorced women as a clinical intervention.
Dr Abbas Saremi, Dr Mohammad Parastesh, Dr Sahar Ebrahimi,
Volume 25, Issue 6 (3-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Physical activity is one of the important lifestyle factors that can have positive or negative effects on the reproductive system, and more research is needed to reflect the effect of inactivity on fertility in order to provide safe lifestyle recommendations to help couples achieve pregnancy is required. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of describing and comparing the physical activity status of fertile and infertile men in Arak city in 2022.
Methods: The present study is a case-control study that was conducted on 220 fertile and infertile men (22 to 40 years old) referred to Arak University Jihad infertility centers that were selected through available sampling. Participants completed self-test questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were also measured. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of infertility with physical activity level, sedentary behavior, and body composition.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Arak University (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1401.046).
Ethical Considerations: The present research has been registered with the code IR.ARAKU.REC.1401.015 in the Ethics Committee of Arak University.
Results: In this study, it was observed that the amount of physical activity (P=0.02) and body composition (P=0.001) in fertile men is more favorable than infertile men. In men with a low level of physical activity, the risk of infertility increases 2.97 times (odds ratio 2.97 and 95% CI: 1.03, 8.61, and P=0.04). On the other hand, in men with moderate level of physical activity, the risk of infertility decreases (odds ratio 0.27 and 95% CI: 0.08, 0.92, and P=0.03). Also, in men who sit for more than 6 hours a day, the chance of infertility increases by 3.02 times (odds ratio 3.02 and 95% CI: 1.28, 7.10, and P=0.01). An increase in body mass index increases the risk of infertility by 1.61 times in men (odds ratio 1.61 and 95% CI: 1.23 and 2.11 and P=0.001).
Conclusions: Since obesity, physical inactivity and infertility in Iranian men are increasing at the same time, so there should be more focus and seriousness on the issue of lifestyle modification and especially physical activity regarding reproductive health.
Dr Mehdi Zemestani, Mrs Azam Saidian,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Since dermatologic diseases are relatively high prevalent in the society and are associated with various psychological consequences, the present study was conducted to compare the difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological flexibility and quality of life in dermatologic patients with Lichen Simplex Chronicus and normal population.
Methods: The study design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all men and women with dermatologic diseases who referred to skin clinics in Tehran, Karaj and Qom cities. A convenience sampling method was employed to select 199 patients as the study sample. In addition, for the comparison group 200 normal individuals were selected from normal population. All participants assessed by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Short Form-36 Quality of Life (SF-36). Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of University of Kurdistan (Code: IR.UOK.REC.1401.015).
Results: Results showed that there was significant difference between two groups in terms of difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological flexibility and quality of life. The mean scores of difficulties in emotion regulation scale and psychological flexibility were higher in the patient group and lower in quality of life than the healthy group.
Conclusions: According to the present results, psychological factors of emotional dysregulation and psychological inflexibility may play a role in the persistence of skin problems of Lichen Simplex Chronicus. Since psychological underlying factors are often involved in the development and maintenance of dermatologic diseases, it is suggesting to use psychological interventions for these patients at the same time.
Mrs Fatemeh Jahanshahi, Dr. Morteza Ghasemi, Mr. Pooyan Falahi, Mrs Neda Ghasemi,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The current research was conducted with the aim of "investigating the role of medical staff in health policies during the corona virus pandemic".
Methods: This research is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory research in terms of method.
Results: The statistical population of this research is all the medical staff of Arak city Since access to all these people is not possible; Therefore, the sampling method is used. The data collection tool in this research was a questionnaire. This research was done using the factor analysis model.
Conclusions: The data and information extracted from the factor analysis test showed that: establishing proper communication with patients, interacting with citizens and the government, paying attention to the laws and encouraging others to comply with them, learning specialized training to contain the corona virus, explaining the situation to worried people, Adhering to health protocols and informing others, perception of organizational justice, alignment between individual and organizational goals, transfer of sense of responsibility to the work environment, existence of an efficient evaluation system and encouragement to inject vaccines are the most important role of the medical staff in health policies. They were during the corona disease pandemic.
Dr Minoo Motaghi, Dr Behzad Hamedani, Dr Parvaneh Khorasani, Mr Ahmad Bahrami,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, the increasing prevalence of diabetes and its complications in the elderly is one of the most challenging problems in the health sector. One of the most important strategies for managing diabetes in the elderly is teaching self-care behaviors, which requires competent nurses in the field of diabetes education. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of empowering nurses on self-care and HbA1c control of elderly people with type 2 diabetes living in nursing homes.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted as a single group on 32 nurses and 30 elderly people with type 2 diabetes residing in nursing homes by convenience sampling. Nurses participated in a one-day empowerment workshop on type 2 diabetes. Data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire of workshop content to measure nurses' empowerment, Tobert and Glasgow self-care questionnaire and laboratory index HbA1c for the elderly. Data were analyzed using Spss version 20 at the 0.05 level. The present research has been registered with the ethics code IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1398.190 in the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University - Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan).
Results: Based on the findings, there was a significant difference between nurses' empowerment after the workshop compared to before (P=0.001). The mean scores of elderly before and three months after nurses' empowerment were significant in terms of self-care behaviors (P=0.000) and HbA1c index (P=0.000).
Conclusions: The results showed that the empowerment of nurses has desirable potential to change the outcomes of self-care in elderly people with type 2 diabetes resident in nursing homes, and by focusing on the approach of empowering nurses, positive steps can be taken in the management of diabetes and HbA1c of this group.
Dr Roghayeh Kiyani, Ms Haleh Behroti,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Adverse effects of Coronavirus on somatic and mental health is undeniable .nurses staff are exposed to risk of somatic and psychological effects because of continuous working time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of training coping strategies with stress on distress tolerance and psychological empowerment of corona nurses in Khoy hospitals.
Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of research method with pre-test – post-test design with control group And from the statistical population that included all nurses in the corona ward of Khoy hospitals in 2021 , 30 people were selected as the available sample. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups (15 individuals in experimental group and 15 individuals in control group).In order to collect data, the Distress Tolerance Questionnaire and the Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire were used. The experimental group subjects participated in eight 90-minute sessions of training coping strategies with stress. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to test the hypotheses. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz (Code: REC.1400.135).
Results: The results showed that training coping strategies has increased distress tolerance and psychological empowerment in the post-test phase (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that teaching coping strategies can be used as an effective method to improve stress tolerance and psychological empowerment of coronary nurses.
Dr Mehdi Asghari, Dr Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalhari, Dr Marzieh Abbasinia, Dr Farbod Ebadifard Azar, Dr Fahimeh Shakeri, Dr Mohammad Javad Ghanadzade, Mr Gholam Heidar Teimori, Dr Sanaz Karpasand, Dr Hossein Safari,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the biggest environmental challenges of the 21st century is the phenomenon of climate change and global warming, which can cause numerous health problems. One significant health issue associated with climate change is the increase in the prevalence of heat stress, particularly in occupational encounters in hot outdoor environments. So this study aimed to predict and model temperature and humidity indices in the coming decades in a dry climate.
Methods: This study obtained daily atmospheric parameters, including minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and relative humidity of Kerman station, representing a dry climate, for a period of 30 years (1965 to 2005) from the meteorological organization. Modeling of these parameters and calculation of the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) were performed using the atmospheric general circulation model HadGEM2-ES and the CORDEX dynamic microscaler model. Three different radiative forcing scenarios, including optimistic (RCP 2.6), intermediate (RCP 4.5), and pessimistic (RCP 8.5), were considered for the coming decades (three 30-year periods from 2011 to 2099). The Ethics Committe of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) approved the present study (Code: IR.IUMS.REC.1400.020).
Results: The results of the study showed an increasing trend for minimum and maximum temperature parameters in all three time periods using the three scenarios considered. Moreover, the increase in temperature in the decades of 2099-2071 was more pronounced compared to the previous decades. The results also demonstrated an increasing trend in the THI index based on all three scenarios. The average results obtained using these scenarios showed an increase of 2.11, 2.53, and 3.3 degrees Celsius, respectively, in this index until the end of the last century compared to the base decades.
Conclusions: Overall, the increase in temperature and the investigated THI index in the studied station, based on all three scenarios, will lead to changes in thermal comfort. Higher levels of thermal discomfort will not only occur in hot months and seasons but also in other seasons. Therefore, proper planning should be implemented to address the adverse effects of climate change on people's health.
Yasaman Noroozi, Parisa Janjani,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescents are one of the most vulnerable groups against risky behaviors. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between attachment styles and rumination of anger in high-risk behaviors of adolescents by analyzing the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation.
Methods: The method of the current research is descriptive-analytical of the correlation-path analysis type. The statistical population of this research was all the students of the first secondary level in the marginal areas of Kermanshah city in the academic year of 2011-2014 and the sample included 530 people who They were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Iranian youth risk-taking questionnaire, Hazen and Shiver attachment scale, Sakodolski, Glob and Cromwell anger rumination scale, and Gertz and Roemer scale of difficulty in regulating emotions were used. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using the path analysis model and the statistical software Smart PLS version 3.3 and SPSS version 25. This study with ID IR.IAU.KSH.REC.1402. 014 has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Kermanshah Islamic Azad University.
Results: The path of attachment style to risky behaviors (β = 0.81 and t = 2.32), the path of anger rumination to risky behaviors (β = 0.45 and t = 2.32), the path of attachment style to risky behaviors with mediation Emotion regulation difficulty (β = 0.61 and t = 3.28), rumination to risky behaviors with the mediation of emotion regulation difficulty (β = 0.21 and t = 3.55), it was found that all values at the error level are less than 0.05 are significant.
Conclusions: Through the mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation, there is a positive and significant relationship between attachment styles and rumination of anger in high-risk behaviors of adolescent girls. These results emphasize the difficult role of brahmin in regulating emotions in high-risk behaviors of adolescent girls.
Miss Zahra Mortezaei, Dr Somayeh Rajabi, Dr Sayyed-Javad Ziaolhagh,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Methamphetamine increases the release of dopamine from nerve terminals. Binding of dopamine to dopamine receptors increases the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate responsive element (CREB) protein and changes the transcription of downstream genes.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of methamphetamine induction followed by aerobic training and Berberine on dopamine receptor 4 and CREB gene expression in the heart tissue of methamphetamine-addicted female rats during the withdrawal period.
Methods: 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 control groups, methamphetamine, methamphetamine + aerobic training, methamphetamine + Berberine, methamphetamine + aerobic training + Berberine. Intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg of methamphetamine was performed for 5 days, and during the withdrawal period, aerobic training was performed for 4 weeks and simultaneously the consumption of berberine 100 mg/kg as a solution in drinking water was considered. Real Time PCR method was used to measure gene expression. Independent T-test, Kruskal-Wallis test and SPSS24 software were used at the level of 0.05 to analyze the data. The code of ethics in the research was received with number IR.IAU.SHAHROOD.REC.1402.015.
Results: The results showed that methamphetamine use caused a non-significant increase (97%) in CREB expression and a non-significant decrease (52%) in dopamine 4 receptor compared to the control group (P>0.05). The implementation of interventions during the withdrawal period, such as Berberine consumption and the combination of berberine with aerobic training, produced non-significant increasing and decreasing effects on dopamine 4 receptor gene expression and CREB in the heart of methamphetamine-addicted rats, respectively (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: Short-term induction of methamphetamine did not cause significant changes in the expression of dopamine 4 receptor and CREB genes in the heart. Therefore, these genes could not undergo a significant change as a result of interventions such as Berberine and exercise. More studies are needed to investigate exact genetic changes in heart tissue.
Ph.d Bahram Mirzaeian, Miss Fatemeh Talebi,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Today, infertility is a major concern for public health and one of the most important crises in life, which leads to many psychological problems. Since cognitive-behavioral therapy emphasizes empowering and educating the patient to solve problems, this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on marital self-regulation and uncertainty intolerance in infertile women.
Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 30 infertile women referring to the infertility center of Sari city in two groups of case and control (15 patients in each group). Cognitive-behavioral therapy was performed in 12 sessions of 45 minutes, once a week for the experimental group, while the control group received the routine treatment. After the follow-up period, the control group also underwent psychotherapy. Both groups completed the questionnaires of marital self-regulation by Wilson et al. (2005) and uncertainty intolerance by Friston et al. (1994) in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (45 days after the post-test) and were compared.
Finding: The results showed that in the two subscales of marital self-regulation in the experimental group, the average scores in the three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up respectively for the subscale of communication self-regulation (24.266 ± 6.273), (41.000 ± 3.207) and (35.266 ± 3.899) there was a significant increase in the post-test and follow-up compared to the pre-test stage(P<0.05). And the sub-scale of communication effort(19.333 ± 5.094), (8.666 ± 1.914) and (12.000 ± 2.449), and intolerance of uncertainty 92.600 ± 9.302), (67.400 ± 7.585) and (75.200 ± 10.975), had a significant decrease in the post-test and follow-up compared to the pre-test stage (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be an effective intervention in improving marital self-regulation and reducing intolerance of uncertainty in infertile women.
Dr Tayebeh Rashidian, Mr , Akbar Mohammadi, Dr Nasibeh Sharifi, Dr Anahita Jalilian, Dr Ali Khorshidi,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the adverse consequences of cesarean delivery, its incidence rate is increasing in many provinces of the country, especially Ilam city. For this reason, it is important to identify the causes of the increase in cesarean delivery in order to reduce it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the frequency of cesarean section and its causes in primiparous women in Ilam city in 2016.
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Methodology: The present study was conducted cross-sectionally in the second half of 2016 in Ilam city, and the study population was all primiparous women referred to a single specialty maternity hospital (Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital). The sampling method was census and all cesarean deliveries were recorded in Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital. The inclusion criteria included all primiparous women. The data of the study was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that included demographic and midwifery information. After collecting the data, the data was entered into the SPSS version 16 software Central indices were used to describe data in quantitative variables, and absolute and cumulative frequency and percentage of dispersion frequency were used for qualitative variables.
Findings: According to the findings of this study, out of 1738 births, 867 (49.88%) were natural births and 871 (50.12%) were cesarean. Among the natural births, 427 (49.25%) and among the cesarean births, 296 (33.98%) were primiparous. Among the maternal factors, lack of progress and among the fetal factors, fetal distress and among the maternal-fetal factors, head-to-pelvis disproportion was one of the most important causes of cesarean delivery in primiparous women. In general, fetal factors with more than 67% were the most important causes of caesarean section in primiparous women.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, 33.98% of cesarean births were primiparous. Considering the high statistics of caesarean section, especially cesarean section for first births , It is necessary to reduce the number of elective cesarean sections by increasing the number of physiological births and painless births, as well as increasing the awareness of families about birthing methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
Dr Zahra Miraki, Dr Masomeh Rostamzadeh, Mr Aras Feizi, Dr Azad Shokri, Dr Mohammad Aziz Rasouli,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The dentist's level of knowledge and abilities is one of the determining factors in the correct selection and application of dental cements. This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of general dentists and specialists about the application of different dental cements.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was cross-sectional one which conducted on 150 specialist and general dentists in governmental and private centers in Kurdistan province (2019) who performed fixed prosthetic treatments, was done through census and available sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. To analyze data, T-test and ANOVA tests were used in SPSS-22 software. A significance level was considered less than 0.05. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted after the approval of the protocol in the research ethics committee and receiving the ethical code number IR.MUK.REC.1398.302 and according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: The overall average score of dentists' knowledge was 6.5, which was close to and higher than the average scores and had a significant relationship with the grade and place of employment (P<0.05). The overall average score of attitude was 3.4, which was almost equal to the average scores. There was a significant relationship between grade and gender with attitude score (P<0.05). The overall average score of the dentists' practice was 5, which was higher than the average scores, and the practice score had a significant relationship with gender, place of employment, and grade (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The average score of knowledge, attitude, and practice of dentists was average, and in general, the scores of specialists were higher than general dentists. Women had a higher attitude and practice score. People working in the private sector had a higher knowledge score. To increase the knowledge, attitude, and practice of general dentists, there is a need to hold training courses.
Toktam Masomi, Doctor Gholamreza Manshaee, Doctor Hadi Farhadi,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness on cortisol levels in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group and a two-month follow-up period. The study population included all individuals with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder who referred to the clinics of the Psychological Services Center and Counseling in Region 3, the Counseling and Psychological Services Center of Welfare in Region 6, and the Aryaz Counseling and Psychological Services of Region 6, Tehran, from April 2022 to the end of autumn 2022.
Results: The sample consisted of 30 individuals (10 males and 20 females) with generalized anxiety disorder, selected purposefully and randomly assigned to a treatment group based on virtual reality and mindfulness (15 individuals) and a control group (15 individuals). Pre-test, post-test, and follow-up cortisol levels were measured, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was used as the entry criterion. Subsequently, the experimental group received an eight-session, 17-minute weekly treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness. Participants in this group, while immersed in a virtual environment, watched 360-degree virtual reality videos, "Walking by the Beach" and "Pebbles in the Lake," accompanied by mindfulness audio contemplation, "Being Present and Breathing," and "Wise Mind," using a VR headset and VR-ARBOX. The control group received no treatment.
Conclusions: After completing the interventions, post-tests and two-month follow-ups were conducted. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS23 software, revealing that the combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness was effective in reducing cortisol levels. It is suggested that this combined method is used as a clinical intervention in order to reduce the level of anxiety and cortisol of people suffering from generalized anxiety disorder alone or along with other psychological and pharmaceutical interventions.
Dr. Maryam Arabloei Sani, Dr. Zahra Hajebrahimi, Dr. Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Dr. Nasim Hayati Roodbari,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease and one of the most common endocrine diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the development and progression of diabetes. mTOR signaling pathway play an important role in glucose homeostasis and proliferation of pancreatic beta cells. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of p-cymene on oxidative stress markers and expression of the mTOR gene in diabetic male Wistar rats were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by injecting 55 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin. Biochemical analyses of pancreatic tissue and real-time PCR were done to investigate the effects of metformin (55 mg/kg body weight) and p-cymene (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight) on the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and mTOR gene expression.
Findings: Streptozotocin decreased catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and decreased the expression of the mTOR gene in pancreatic tissue. Treatment with metformin or p-cymene improved the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and the expression of the mTOR gene in a dose-independent manner.
Conclusion: Results indicate that p-cymene has antioxidant properties and can regulate the mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, p-cymene may be effective for the treatment of diabetes alone or in combination with metformin.
Mahla Jaefari, Habibollah Kord, Abbas Tavan,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The process of the first pregnancy causes a decrease in resilience and fear of pain, which requires interventions to solve these problems. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group therapy spirituality on endurance and pain control in primiparous pregnant women.
Methods: The research method was semi-experimental, pre-test, and post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all pregnant women who gave birth in 2022 in the city of Kerman, 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected by the available sampling method. The data collection tools were the pain disability questionnaires of Mold and the resilience questionnaires of Connor and Davidson. A group spiritual therapy intervention was performed on the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In the resilience variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group in the pre-test was 41.27 ± 7.22 and the post-test 63.18 ± 8.69. In the pain control variable, the mean and standard deviation of the group in the pre-test was 35.73 ± 6.28, and the post-test was 21.40 ± 5.44. The results showed that group therapy spirituality had an effect on endurance and pain control in primiparous pregnant women (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: Based on the findings of the research, group therapy spirituality can be used to increase endurance and control pain in primiparous pregnant women.
