Showing 25 results for Covid-19
Mohammad Douzandeh Nargesi, Zohreh Teymori, Mehnoosh Tavakkolifard,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The stress caused by COVID-19 had affected many people in society, especially individuals at risk. The present study was carried out to investigate, firstly, whether COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug-dependent people undergoing treatment. Secondly, the study was conducted to know whether rumination has an indirect effect on the aggression of substance-dependent people under treatment through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Methods: In this correlational analytical study, 136 patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone who were willing to enter the study were investigated by the available sampling method in two addiction treatment centers in the 1st and 2nd districts. The data collection tools in the present study included the Corona Disease Anxiety Questionnaire, Rumination Questionnaire, and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. After collecting the data, the anxiety score of each participant was measured from 0 to 54, the rumination score from 0 to 88, and the aggression score from 29 to 145. Then, the data was analyzed using Lisrel statistical software.
Results: Findings showed that the direct effect of rumination on aggression is 0.23, which is significant at the P < 0.01 level. Therefore, rumination has a positive and direct effect on aggression. Also, COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug addicts under treatment. In addition, the indirect effect of rumination on aggression is 0.25, which is significant. Thus, rumination has an indirect effect on aggression through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Conclusions: According to the high prevalence of psycho-social problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, addiction, job burnout, suicidal thoughts, violence, domestic and post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the post-corona era, we have witnessed a high amount of mental and social injuries in the world. For this reason, governments must screen psychologically vulnerable groups in advance.
Alireza Rezaie Ashtiani, Ali Jadidi, Ali Khanmohammadi Hazaveh, Seyed Mohamad Aghae Pour,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the clinical manifestations of coronavirus is neurological symptoms. However, due to the emergence of this virus, little information is available about its symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neurological symptoms in patients with coronavirus at hospitals in Arak.
Methods: In this study, all patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in two hospitals in Arak who were willing to participate were selected by census. The questionnaires consisted of two parts: demographic information and the prevalence and severity of neurological symptoms, which were completed by interviews with patients.
Results: 208 patients with a mean age of 60.5±14.1 years participated in the study. Of the 20 neurological symptoms studied, only two (tingling around the mouth and cranial nerve palsy) were absent in patients. The most common neurological symptoms in patients were headache (82.5%), fatigue (81%) and muscle pain (74.9%), respectively. Also, according to the visual scale, participants reported the highest severity for headache (average: 7.5), followed by fatigue (average: 7.03), and muscle weakness (average: 6.9).
Conclusions: The results showed that the most common neurological symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease include headache, fatigue, and muscle pain and the most severe neurological symptoms in these patients are headache, fatigue, and muscle weakness. According to the findings of this study, these results can be used to diagnose patients and follow them up.
Sayed Hossein Mousavi, Ali Jafari, Hossein Basirian,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (12-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the "Health Communication" discussion plan, the most serious sparks of which were struck in the minds with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, revealed the importance of paying attention to improving health communication more than ever. For this purpose, in the current study, the formulation of a conceptual model of health communication capacities in pandemic conditions was examined from the perspective of health system experts.
Methods: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and the foundation's data theory method. Sampling was done with a purposeful snowball method, which included 20 communication and media professors and health professionals. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews and document reviews based on the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (open, central, and selective coding), which includes causal conditions, central idea, context, mediating conditions (intervenor), strategies, and consequences of analysis. Validation was done through the review of participants and experts in the health system.
Results: The findings of the research in the grounded theory section show that the dimensions of the paradigm model include the central phenomenon: health communication (effective and informative communication), causal conditions: health communication harms (infodemic), the context of harms (widespread and popular media, lack of authority of the health unit, mass information, politicization), strategies (holding officials accountable, reliable sources and producing practical content, anxiety management, avoiding exaggeration of people's participation, teamwork and combination of experts, using the experiences of other countries) and consequences including (attracting trust and forming beneficial relationships) took place.
Conclusions: According to the dimensions achieved in presenting the model for improving health communication capacities in pandemic conditions in the country, it can be said that on the one hand, "transparency and immediacy of information" and the other hand, "empathy and trust between people and officials" in such More than one situation should be considered.
Hosein Sarmadian, Nader Zarinfar, Masoud Bahrami, Mohammad Matin Arjmandzadegan, Dr Roham Sarmadian, Yasamin Zarinfar,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (1-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The Symptoms of Omicron are still unknown. Primary data show that the Omicron symptoms are mainly related to the respiratory system, including runny nose, sore throat, headache, fatigue, and sneezing. Based on the need for more evidence about Omicron symptoms, this study was conducted to investigate the symptoms of this COVID serotype.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed for 6 months in Arak city on 160 definitively diagnosed patients with Omicron. For all patients who entered the study, the information evaluation checklist, including demographics and symptoms (24 symptoms), was completed. Disease diagnosis was done by PCR.
Results: The disease of 55% of people was mild, 35% moderate, and 10% severe. Fifty-one people (31.9%) mentioned a history of previous infection with COVID-19. Pulmonary involvement, the type of drug used, and anxiety at the time of infection were related to the severity of the disease (P < 0.05). The five most common symptoms of Omicron (%) were sore throat (86.3), cough (82.5), weakness and lethargy (76.3), headache (72.5) and dry mouth (62.5). There was also a relationship between old age with dry mouth and headache, underlying disease with sneezing, anxiety during illness with joint pain and chest pain, and smoking with abdominal pain (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The most common symptoms included sore throat, cough, weakness and lethargy, headache, and musculoskeletal pain. However, reduced smell and taste, night sweats, fever, and joint pain, common in the previous serotypes, were among the less frequent symptoms of Omicron.
Bahare Bayat, Kobra Rahzani, Davood Hekmatpou,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (1-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The coronavirus crisis is a multidimensional phenomenon that affects even the family. The impact of the situation on the family has been less discussed. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted to explain families' experiences with patients suffering from COVID-19.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with a content analysis approach in 2021. Sampling started with purposive sampling and continued theoretically until information saturation was reached. The primary data collection tool was a semi-structured, in-depth interview in which
10 participants were interviewed. The participants were people from the family of a patient with COVID-19 who, while willing to participate in the study, were either involved in caring for the patient or were worried about the patient's infection. In addition, their patient recovered from Corona and was alive. The interview location was chosen according to the participants' opinion, whether it was at their home or a place that was convenient for them. The interviews were analyzed using the Granheim and Lundman method.
Results: After analyzing the data, initially, 391 codes, 16 subcategories, and finally, five themes were extracted. The five themes that emerged are the experienced symptoms of the disease with two subcategories (symptoms of the onset of the disease and the course of the symptoms), mental and emotional disturbances with seven subcategories (contagion anxiety, death anxiety, fear of the vague nature of the disease, torment of conscience, obsession, emotional suffering, and financial worries), sacrifice in care with two subcategories (suffering care and multiplicity of roles), resilience in the path of care with three subcategories (supportive aspects, reduction of caregiving stress and obtaining information about the disease), Change and evolution in the course of life with two subcategories (individual growth and getting the meaning of life).
Conclusions: According to the present study, after one of the family members gets infected with Corona, the other members have a crisis. The individual, psychological, social, and economic dimensions of the family foundation are facing challenges. It needs the comprehensive support of the family as the first and most important institution of society. Although facing this crisis and accompanying challenges leads to the experience of special suffering, it lays the foundation for personal growth and a better understanding of the meaning of life. Therefore, it can be said that the experience of this crisis is not only from the social aspect but also from the individual aspect, along with tremendous positive and negative developments.
