Showing 30 results for Children
Abolfazl Mozaffari, Mohammad Vakil Ali Abadi, Syamak Mohebbi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (7-2013)
Abstract
Background: Sleep behavior and movement disturbance (SBMD) is of a relatively high prevalence in children and has a significant impact on their performance in daily activities and quality of life. Snoring, on the other hand, is considered one of the main causes of sleep disturbance in children. This study aims to assess the relationship between snoring and SBMD in 2 to 12 years old children in Qom city.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 100 children with snoring and 100 healthy children were studied over 3 months. The parents took Berlin questionnaire on snoring and childhood sleep questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 18.
Results: There was a significant correlation in mean SBMD between case (13.78) and control (11.45) groups (p<0.001). Independent t-test indicated a significant difference between the case and control groups in the mean of SBMD (p<0.001). Also, significant relationships were seen between snoring and adenotonsilar hypertrophy (p<0.001) and apnea and SBMD (p=0.036), but there was not any relationships between SBMD and age, children less than 7 and more than 7 years old (p=0.231), and severity of snoring and SBMD (p=0.202).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of sleep disorders, especially snoring and SBMD and their relationship, in children. Sufficient attention to this issue can raise parents and physicians awareness and pave the way for early diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.
Mohammad Mehdi Rafiei, Nader Shavandi, Abbas Saremi, Abbas Shavandi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background: There are few studies related to effects of exercise training, including concurrent training, on hormonal changes in children. Hence, the aim of this study was to Compare theeffects of 6 weeks of resistance training and concurrent resistance and endurance training on aerobic power (VO2peak) and resting levels of growth hormone and cortisol in healthy children.
Materials and Methods: The subjects ofthis quasi-experimental study were 35 healthy boys between 9-11 years old, which were randomly divided into three groups of concurrent training (n=12), resistance training (n=11), control (n=12). Experimental groups were trained during 6 weeks 3 times a week.Control group were performed only their routine activities. VO2peak test was taken 48 hours before and after implementation of 6-weeks protocols and samples were selected from all subjects.Measurement of resting levels of GH and cortical was performed with ELISA method. For data analysis, one way ANOVA and paired t-test were used.
Results: The results showed that VO2peak and resting levels of GH increased significantly in concurrenttraining group (p=0.001, p=0.003, respectively). Resting level of cortisol in concurrent group was significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.05) and it was reducedsignificantlyin concurrent training and resistance training groups (p=0.001, p=0.036).
Conclusion: It seems a concurrent training period has greater benefits on VO2peak and resting levels of GH and cortical in children in comparison with resistance training.
Maryam Fathi Shykhi, Mohsen Shamsi, Mahboobeh Khorsandi, Mehdi Ranjbaran,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background: Accidents and injuries one of the main causes of death and disability in the world and the most significant causes in children referred to hospital. So, this study aimed to assess the health belief model constructs and function of the mothers referred to health centers in the city of Khorramabad in the preventive behaviors of accidents and injuries in children.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional and analytical study was done on 261 mothers with children aged less than 5 years are referred to health centers in the city of Khorramabad in 2014. Data was collected with a questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model. The data collected were analyzed by software SPSS-20.
Results: In this study the mean and standard deviation of age of mothers was 28.98±5.37 years and the mean score of function and self-efficacy were 59.1±14.74 and 69.1±11.07 respectively. Moreover, the mean scores of the other health belief model constructs such as perceived sensitivity, severity, benefits and barriers was higher than average. There was significant negative correlation between self-efficacy and perceived barriers (r=-0.256, p<0.01), and also between the perceived barriers and function (r=-0.391, p<0.01).
Conclusion: According to the score of the function of mothers and the other constructs of health belief model, training programs based on the model directly and indirectly in the form of multimedia training package recommended to promote preventive behaviors of accidents occur in children.
Mojtaba Hashemi, Javad Javaheri, Marjan Habibi, Parsa Yousefi Chaijan, Mahdyieh Naziri,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of constipation in childhood is 0.7% to 29.6%. Inorganic causes are considered as the most common cause of constipation in children. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the most effective and safest laxatives which is usable in children in the long-term. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of PEG treatment and probiotic bacilluscoagulans and bifidobacterium and probiotic to enhance the growth of probiotics.
Materials and Methods: In this double blind clinical trial study(interventional study), 120 children aged 2-16 years with chronic functional constipation enrolled the study based on ROME III criteria. The bowels became empty by using liquid paraffin. Then, children were randomly divided into three groups of polyethylene glycol+placebo and Probiotics+placebo and polyethylene glycol+probiotics recipients. After 6 weeks of treatment, treatment success rates between the three groups were compared before and after the study Data analyzed by SPSS 20 software.
Results: The results of the study conducted on the three groups for treatment of constipation showed that the effect of polyethylene glycol and probiotic on treatment was considerable before and after treatment but the levels of effect was similar in the comparison of groups. The simultaneous use of two drugs was more effective than a single drug.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of our study showed that concurrent use of polyethylene glycol and probiotics is much more effective in the treatment of constipation.
Farzad Ebrahimzadeh, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Abdolkarim Shadmehr, Nasim Vahabi, Ezatollah Fazeli Moghadam, Javad Nasseryan, Mehdi Safari,
Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Height and weight growth failure are among the most important health disorders affecting children less than two in the developing countries. Failure to treat this disorder can lead to the development of serious conditions including increased mortality and types of disability. The aim of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting the height and weight growth of children less than two years old.
Materials and Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on a sample of 2030 children less than two in Khorramabad who were selected using stratified and cluster sampling methods. Based on household records, data related to the height and weight were recorded as quantitative variables and finally were modeled using a longitudinal marginal model, identity link functions and the R software.
Results: Based on the marginal model, the effect of such variables as child's age, child's gender and mother's educational attainment were significantly related to the child's height and weight. Moreover the child's birth order had significant relationship with only the child's height. However, the variable of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months was no significantly related to weight and height growth of the children.
Conclusion: Given the results, it seems that monitoring the growth of the children of the illiterate mothers, specially the girls and the children with first birth orders are the most important approaches to deal with growth disorders among this population.
Jamal Saraei, Zahra Esmaeli, Zahra Tajari, Shadi Khodayarnezhad, Aref Nekofar, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi,
Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Under-nutrition has multiple negative impacts on child's growth and development and it has a high prevalence among hospitalized children. Assessment of the food insecurity status is one of the most important indicators of malnutrition among communities, therefore the aim of the current study is to evaluate the prevalence of food insecurity and its social, economical and nutritional determinants among children hospitalized in Tabriz pediatric hospital.
Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was carried out among 236 hospitalized children in Tabriz pediatric hospital. Demographic information including age, weight, height, household size, child order and household income were gathered by face to face interviews with parents. Food security was assessed by a Household Food Security questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by Excel 2007, Epi-info and IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software.
Results: The prevalence of food insecurity among hospitalized children in Tabriz pediatric hospital was 44.9%, while 26.3% and 18.6% had moderately and severely food insecurity, respectively. Its prevalence in females was more than in males. Low household income, low educational attainment of parents, rural residency and household size were potent determinants of food insecurity(p<0.05). All indices of nutritional status in food insecure group were lower than in secure group. Although this difference did not achieved significant threshold.
Conclusion: In the current study, a high prevalence of food insecurity in hospitalized children in hospital has been reported. Therefore the need for suitable interventions to reduce its prevalence has been warranted.
Seydeh Mahtab Navabi, Mahboobeh Khorsandi, Nasrin Roozbahani, Mehdi Ranjbaran,
Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: One of the common and important public health problems is failure to thrive in during childhood .The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between health belief model structures with mothers' performance in preventihg growth retardation in children aged 1-5 years in Shazand city in 2014.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical and cross-sectional study, 202 mothers with children aged one to five years in the Shazand city were selected by random sampling. The data were collected by using a researcher-developed valid and reliable questionnaire by self-report method. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics of the mothers, the maternal practice cheklist and health belief model dimensions. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS20 T-test, Chi-square, correlation, ANONV and regression.
Results: The mean age of subjects was 28.76±5.28 years and a mean age of children was 26.49±14.74 months. Most common level of education for mothers was diploma (76.7%). The mean score of mothers' behavior was 70.65. Among the structures, self- efficacy had the largest score(69.8) and external practice guide had the lowest (38.91). In regression analysis, for predicting behavior by health belief model stuctures, self efficacy, perceived benefits and barriers were main predictors of behavior that predicted 10% of behavior changes(R2=0.101).
Conclusion: The results of this study reveale that the design of educational interventions should be based on self-efficacy, perceived benefits and perceived barriers as the most important predictors of maternal behavior.
Abdoreza Yavari, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Hamid Dalvand, Akram Valizadeh, Farhad Fatehi, Mahmudreza Nakhaei,
Volume 19, Issue 10 (1-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: One of the problems in children with cerebral palsy is impaired eating and drinking liquids. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of oral motor stimulations on feeding function in the children with spastic cerebral palsy by two medical and family centered approaches.
Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study that performed on 40 children 2-8 year olds with spastic Cerebral Palsy from the rehabilitation clinics in the city of Arak. They were selected by simple and purposeful sampling. Applied instruments were Gross Motor Measure Function Classification System Expanded & Revised (GMFCS E&R) and oral motor assessment scale(OMAS). Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as: Kolmogorov-Smirnov, reporting mean, standard deviation, data analysis frequncy distribution table, independent t-test, dependent t-test, chi-square and MANOVA.
Results: The difference of swallowing function assessed by OMAS in both groups managed by family centered and clinician centered approach prior and post management statistialy was meaningful (p=0.001(. The difference between swallowing function of both groups post intervention was not meaningful in view of first and second assessor, also it had no statistical significance(p=0.89 , p=0.07)
Conclusion: In general, we can conclude that oral motor stimulation is effective on swallowing function of cerebral palsy children in both treated groups. The effect of these stimulations on swallowing function in children with cerebral palsy between clinician centered and family centered approaches was equal.
Mahtab Navabi, Mahboobeh Khorsandi, Nasrin Rouzbahani, Mehdi Ranjbaran,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: One of the common and important health problems is failure to thrive in childhood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education on preventive behaviors of failure to thrive in mothers with children based on health belief model.
Materials and Methods: This study is an interventional one in which 100 mothers with children one to five years involved (samples divided into two case and control groups, each of 50) sampling was done by a simple random method. For collecting information, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model and performance check list were used. Then, case group was trained for one month. 3 months after training, data were gathered and analyzed by Spss20 software. In addition to descriptive statistics, tests such as Chi-square, paired t-test and independent T-test were used.
Results: The mean age of case and control was 29.98±5.51 and 25.35±5.30 years old, respectively. The average age of children was 23.31 ± 13.14 and 27.55 ± 14.01months, respectively. Before the intervention, no significant difference was seen between groups. The average score in case group before intervention was as: knowledge(31.87±14.24), perceived susceptibility(64.23±5.86), perceived severity(64.41±9.34), perceived benefits(61.75±6.79), perceived barriers(67.91±8.14), self-efficacy(68.00±7.87), cues to action(44.53±6.82) and action(70.00±9.77). However, after the intervention, significant differences between groups in all variables were obserred.
Conclusion: According to the results, education based on health belief model is recommended for promoting preventive behaviors of failure to thrive.
Azade Riyahi, Mehdi Rassafiani, Samira Yazdani, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 11 (2-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Human need for food is one of the inherent or physiological needs that, along with the ability to eat and drink, is the most important factor of health, survival and longevity. Children with cerebral palsy suffer from severe maladjustment in the nutritional mechanism and the creation of unsafe, even risky, conditions for life, due to deficiencies in the disease. Because of the importance of Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) in the research and treatment of children with cerebral palsy, the purpose of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of this system.
Materials and Methods: After the forward and backward translation procedures and investigation of face and content validity, test–retest reliability was assessed between parents and therapists using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). 130 Children (3 to 20 years, mean age 52.35 months and standard deviation 33.96; 73 boys, 57 girls) with various types of CP were classified according to EDACS by both parents and therapists.
Results: The test–retest reliability was high and significant; the ICC related to parents and occupational therapists was 0.98, and the ICC related to speech therapists (0.99) was higher than 0.90 that both of them showed high correlation.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the EDACS is found to be valid and reliable, and is suggested to be appropriate for the assessment of eating and drinking ability in children with cerebral palsy.
Fahimeh Omidi, Mostafa Nokani, Anita Alaghmand,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a common psychiatric disorder in children and paying attention to drugs that were used in this disorders are important. This study compares the efficacy of Ritalin with Memantin that is added to Ritalin on the severity of ADHD and attention deficit disorder in children.
Materials and Methods: This study is a clinical trial. All of 76 patients with diagnostic criteria for ADHD had been selected from the group of children that they were 7-12 years old, through diagnostic interviews in control & experimental groups based on DSM-V. At first, both groups filled out the Connors parent questionnaire for assessing the severity of the symptoms. Then, Ritalin was prescribed for the patients in the control group and Memantin was added to Ritalin for the patients in the experimental group for one month. The two groups again completed the questionnaire and the effectiveness of drugs was compared.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code 139510 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak university of medical sceinces and also has been registered with code IRCT2016080829268N1 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT).
Findings: According to the P-value of this test, there was no significant difference between the two groups after taking the drugs, which is equal to 0.324 and more than 0.05. But in that groups, there was a significant difference in severity of the symptoms between groups before and after taking the drugs.
Conclusion: Although the symptoms severity of hyperactivity decreased, there was no significant difference between these two groups. The Memantin added to Ritalin did not have a special effect on reducing the severity of symptoms compared to Ritalin. We can conclude the Ritalin might have had a significant effect on the symptoms reduction.
Tooraj Sepahvand,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Depression and social anxiety are prevalent disorders in children, that are related to cognitive pathology of parents. This research has been conducted with the aim of comparing depression and social anxiety in primary school children of normal mothers with high and low levels of cognitive flexibility.
Materials and Methods: This research was a causal-comparative design study. The population of the research was all the fourth to sixth grade of primary school children of Arak city (and their mothers) in 2016-2017 years. For selecting the research sample, the method of convenience sampling was used. Thus, based on scores of mothers in Cognitive Flexibility Scale, two groups of mothers with high and low levels of cognitive flexibility were selected, and the scores of their children that responsed to Children’s Depression Inventory and Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents, were compared by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.298 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Findings:The results indicated significant difference in the liner composition of dependent variables of two groups. (wilks, lambda= 0.892, F97,2= 14.474, p< 0.000). Univariate analysis of variance indicated that the children of mothers with low level of cognitive flexibility have more depression and social anxiety compared to children of mothers with high level of cognitive flexibility.
Conclusion: In general, cognitive flexibility of mothers is related to depression and social anxiety of children, probably by ability to perceive difficult situations as controllable, perceive alternative explanations of human behaviors and generate alternative solutions to difficult situations of responding to children. Therefore, mothers need to be more educated and refined in their cognitive flexibility so that they can cause more improvement in depression and social anxiety of children.
Mozhgan Hashemieh,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In December 2019, the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, and then spread rapidly around the world, such that the World Health Organization reported it as a pandemic. This study aims to review the epidemiological findings, transmission methods, clinical manifestations, radiological symptoms, prognosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children, as well as the differences caused by the virus between children and adults.
Methods & Materials: The search was conducted in databases such as PubMod, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar using the keywords “COVID-19”, “Coronavirus”, “Children”, and “Pandemic”.
Ethical Considerations: Ethical principles have been observed in accordance with the guidelines of the National Ethics Committee and the COPE regulations.
Results: Most of the data related to COVID-19 are related to the course of this disease in adults and related information for children is limited. Most findings suggested that the course of the disease is milder in children and the infection caused by the virus has a better prognosis in children. Due to the mild clinical symptoms in children, many of them are not diagnosed in the early stages of the infection. With the increase in the number of cases worldwide, the prevalence of this disease in children is certainly increasing.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has milder clinical symptoms and a better prognosis in children. Today, no vaccine or antiviral drug has been developed for this disease; hence, prevention is the best solution.
Sedigheh Safaeian Titkanlou, Toktam Maleki Shahmahmood, Zahra Ghayoumi-Anaraki, Fatemeh Haresabadi, Majid Haddadi Avval, Mohaddeseh Soltani, Mohsen Rajati Haghi,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Phonological awareness skills, as part of phonological processing abilities, can predict the extent of success in acquiring written and reading skills. Phonological awareness skills are of concern in children with severe and profound hearing loss, which has been less studied in this population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate these skills in Cochlear-Implanted (CI) children and compare them with their healthy counterparts.
Methods & Materials: The study population included 25 CI children and 25 healthy children, aged 4-6 years, who were monolingual Persian speakers. The selected CI and healthy children were selected from the Rehabilitation Center of Naqmeh and the Kindergartens in Mashhad, City, Iran, respectively. After selecting each participant, the test of phonological awareness was administered. To compare the mean scores of each subtest, the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS v. 21 using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MUMS.REC.1396.263).
Results: The mean scores of CI children were significantly lower than that of their healthy peers in all phonological awareness subscales (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that healthy children presented better performance than the CI children in the phonological awareness test. Poor phonological awareness skills in CI children seem to be associated with hearing deprivation before cochlear implantation; thus, it requires to speed up surgery at an early age and the implementation of an effective rehabilitation program.
Ali Asghar Ghalenoei, Hossein Ansari, Abolfazl Payandeh, Azizollah Arbabi Sarjou, Gholamreza Soleimani, Ali Meshkinian,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Genetic and environmental factors are known to be related to the development of childhood Eczema. We aimed to assess the ecological factors associated with the prevalence of Eczema among children using the ISAAC questionnaire.
Methods & Materials: A total of 1600 primary school girls and boys were selected and examined by multistage random sampling in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected and completed using the International ISAAC Questionnaire, including demographic questions and risk factors through interviews with parents, especially the student’s mother. The data were analyzed in SPSS v. 19 software using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (Code: REC.1397.481).
Results: The prevalence of current Eczema was 10.4% (95%CI: 8.9-11.9). Co-morbidity with Asthma and Rhinitis was 82.8% and 74.5%, respectively. In multiple logistic regression models, history of allergies in family members (OR: 2.35, 95%CI: 1.53-3.59), father snoring (OR: 3.00, CI95%: 1.98-4.55), Keeping any animal in (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.002-2.58), family size (OR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.68-0.95), exposure to tobacco smoke at home (OR: 2.84, 95%CI: 1.18-6.81), showed a significant relationship with the occurrence of students’ Eczema.
Conclusion: Exposure to tobacco smoke at home, keeping any animal at home are effective factors in the prevalence of Eczema in children. By eliminating these factors, the prevalence of this disease can be reduced. However, the mothers have the most crucial role in screening and early diagnosis of Eczema in school children regarding determinants in this study. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that parents’ education, especially mothers, be emphasized by paying attention to these favorable factors.
Dr Banafsheh Ghaheri, Dr Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni, Dr Mehdi Shahbazi, Dr Ahmad Reza Arshi,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Evaluating variability can help to investigate the process underlying motor coordination problems. The current study aimed to measure motor coordination and its variability in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Moreover, the symmetry of motor coordination variability in these children and the relation between motor skills and variability were explored.
Materials and Methods: After evaluating motor skills in children, aged 7-10 years using Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2), 15 children with DCD and 20 non-DCD children performed a bilateral coordination task. Using motion capture system, motor coordination and variability were recorded and calculated by computing continuous relative phase and its standard deviation, respectively.
Ethical Considerations: The study with an ethical code of IR.UT.SPORT.REC.1396030 was approved by Ethics Committee of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of University of Tehran.
Findings: Children with DCD showed significantly higher variability, while there was no significant difference between the groups in performing the coordination task. Moreover, the variability of motor coordination was found asymmetrical in children with DCD. Finally, more variability was shown to be accompanied with lower score in motor skills of the participants.
Conclusion: The current study shows the necessity of employing assessments related to underlying process of movement coordination such as variability, which can help to provide more comprehensive understanding of motor patterns of children with DCD and the strategies that they adopt to execute and produce movement.
Farzaneh Hajizadeh, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Seyed Zia Tabatabaei,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim The early years of life are the most critical stage in the growth and development of children. While the optimal development of children depends on a complex set of factors, the pattern of breastfeeding and complementary feeding of infants is of undeniable importance. Therefore, the present study conducted to investigate the factors related to the feeding patterns of one-year-old children referred to healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city.
Methods & Materials his descriptive study was performed on 600 mothers with one-year-old children under the auspices of healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city in 2017. Volunteered mothers with active health records were selected randomly. The required information was collected through a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and questions related to the feeding of children and was analyzed by SPSS software, version 18.
Ethical Considerations The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) approved the present study (Code: IR.RUMS.REC.1396.179).
Results About 95% of mothers participating in this study started breastfeeding their children up to one hour after delivery, but 56.7% of them completed breastfeeding by one year of age. The results show that most mothers had started supplemental feeding with two or three spoons in each meal, and about 90% of them followed the health worker's advice. Also, the most important reasons for feeding children with powdered milk are disorders in the child's development (34%), inadequate breast milk (17%), maternal disease (14%), do not take the mother's breast (11%) and children being twins (8%).
Conclusion Despite face-to-face training for mothers in health care centers for feeding their children, still there are some difficulties in commencing complementary feeding and its continuation. Therefore, need for more health and nutrition education regarding the best ways for feeding children to mothers by personnel of Rafsanjan health care centers.
Mohammad Shamohammadi, Farzaneh Javanmard,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is the most common bacterial infection in the world. Infection with this bacterium occurs during the first 5 years of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and the types of histopathological changes related to it in endoscopic gastric biopsy samples of children.
Methods: In this cross-sectional-descriptive study, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and histopathological findings of 169 children with it were examined in the gastric endoscopic biopsy samples that were sent to the pathology department of Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia during March 2019 to March 2022. This study was approved by Research Ethics committee of Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran (code: IR.UMSU.REC.1400.227).
Results: Out of 571 examined patients, 169 children (29.5%) were infected with Helicobacter pylori, the most common histopathological lesion was chronic gastritis. 40.3% of patients had active chronic inflammation as a result of gastric biopsy. No significant relationship was found between Helicobacter pylori and children's gender (P=0.29), but a significant relationship was observed between Helicobacter pylori results and children's age (P=0.04). A significant relationship was also observed between Helicobacter pylori infection and the severity of chronic gastritis (P=0.0001).
Conclusions: Considering that the inflammatory histopathological changes of the stomach are seen in all children with Helicobacter pylori infection and in more than 40% of cases this inflammation is of an active type, it is necessary to pay special attention to the early diagnosis and treatment of this infection in children.
Mr Mahdi Panahian,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Vestibular defects, vertigo and Dizziness may lead to delay in postural control, lack of coordination, vertigo attacks and ultimately imbalance in children. In this systematic review, the factors affecting children's balance disorders and the effective tests for evaluating these children were investigated.
Methods: Valid articles were searched in Pubmed, Google Scholar, Elsevier databases between 2000 and 2023 using the keywords Balance, Vertigo, Dizziness, Vestibular, Children. In the present study, research articles, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis related to the purpose of the study were evaluated and included in the study.
Results: In the present study, a total of 95 articles were found. By repetition, 13 articles were removed and 82 articles remained in the study. By examining the titles of these articles, 7 articles were removed because the title was not relevant to the purpose of this study and 9 articles were removed because the full text of the article was not relevant,then leaving 66 relevant articles. 8 studies were excluded from the present study due to exclusion criteria. Therefore, a total of 58 articles were included in this systematic review and effective factors in the occurrence of balance disorders and effective assessment in identifying these disorders were found.
Conclusions: Correct diagnosis of balance disorders in children using appropriate tests not only prevents unnecessary examinations and reduces parents' worries, but is also a prerequisite for successful treatment.
Heshmatallah Alikarami, Saeedeh Tahmasebi, Mohammad Fathi, Raziyeh Rezaei,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Resistance training (RT) is an important part of athletes' preparation exercises with the aim of strengthening physical fitness, creating neuro-muscular adaptations and improving sports performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training with weight on NCV of tibial and peroneal nerves, muscle strength, agility, flexibility and performance of half-back, half-turn and angel balance skills in seven- to ten-year-old gymnasts.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 children with two years of experience in gymnastics (age: 8.5±1.5 years, weight: 32.10±9.40 kg, height: 135±13 cm) voluntarily Participated. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups including gymnastics training and gymnastics training + resistance training with weights. And they trained for 10 weeks. During the research, one group did general gymnastics exercises, and the other group did resistance training with weights three times a week in addition to gymnastics exercises. Before and after the exercises, NCV test, Sargent's jump muscle power tests, agility of 9x4m back-and-forth run, Wells' flexibility, and performing half-back, half-turn and balance skills of Angel were performed. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data. And a significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
Results: The results showed that the NCV in the tibial and peroneal nerves increased significantly in the weight resistance training group compared to the general gymnastics training group. Also, muscle strength in Sargent's jump, agility in 4x9m back and forth running, and the performance of half-back and half-turn skills increased significantly (P<0.05). However, no significant change was observed in the flexibility with the Wells test (P=0.870) and execution of Angel's balance skill (P=0.552).
conclusion: 10 weeks of resistance training with weights significantly increases neuromuscular adaptations, NCV, muscle power, agility, and implementation of half-back and half-varus skills in gymnast children. Therefore, it is suggested to use resistance exercises with weights to improve the performance of children athletes in the field of gymnastics and fields where nerve conduction speed, muscle power and agility are effective in the success of athletes.
