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Introduction: Fetuin-A is a secreted protein from the liver, which plays a role in microvascular disorders of diabetes through insulin resistance and inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of fetuin-A in diabetic patients without and with microvascular disorders.
Methods: 90 people in 4 groups, diabetic control, nephropathy, retinopathy and retinopathy-nephropathy participated in this research. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson correlation tests. Measurement of parameters including VEGF, interleukin 8 (IL-8), insulin, interleukin 6 (IL- 6) and Fatuin-A was done by ELISA method. The concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by nephrometric method.
Ethical considerations: This study was conducted after the approval of the protocol in the research ethics committee and receiving the ethical code number IR.ARAKMU.REC.1400.250 and according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: The obtained results showed that the correlation between fetuin-A and VEGF in the control group was not significant (p=0.234), in the nephropathy group it was significant (p<0.01), in the retinopathy group it was significant (p<0.01) and in the retinopathy group - Nephropathy was significant (p=0.032). Also, the correlation between fetuin-A and interleukin-6 in the nephropathy group is not significant (p=0.285), in the retinopathy group is not significant (p<.075), in the retinopathy group is not significant (p<0.059) and in the retinopathy-nephropathy group. It was insignificant (p=0.113). The correlation between fetuin-A interleukin 8 in the control group is not significant (p=0.592), in the nephropathy group (p=0.592), in the retinopathy group (p=0.314) and in the retinopathy-nephropathy group (p= 0.362). The correlation between Fetuin-A and the homeostatic model of insulin resistance was significant in all groups (p<0.01). Fetuin-A and VEGF levels in the three groups of nephropathy and retinopathy increased significantly compared to the control group. The amount of interleukin 6, interleukin 8 and homeostatic model of insulin resistance in nephropathy, retinopathy and retinopathy-nephropathy groups has increased significantly compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Because fetuin-A is directly related to insulin resistance and VEGF production, its control can have an effect in preventing and controlling the development of microvascular disorders, especially in the early stages of diabetes. Although the results showed that fetuin-A level has no significant relationship with inflammatory factors such as interleukin 6 and interleukin 8, especially in the retinopathy-nephropathy group, but a significant increase of interleukin 6, interleukin 8 and CRP in patients with microvascular disorders to the diabetic control group, it shows the importance of inflammation in the development and progression of microvascular disorders and the importance of its control in diabetic patients.
 

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Introduction: Considering the destructive effects of the prevalence of infectious diseases such as Covid-19 and the resulting social crisis on physical and mental health, a leading study was conducted to investigate Pattern of structural relationships of Covid-19 epidemic anxiety based on self-control mediated by emotional resilience.
Methods: The method of this research was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of the present study included all students of Mohaghegh University in the academic year 2021-2022. Corona, resilience, completed the self-control questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient tests and structural equation modeling using Spss.25 and Lisrel 8.8 software were used to analyze the data.
Ethic: This research has been approved by the ethics code IR.ARUMS.REC.1400.045 in the ethics committee of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Results: The results showed that coronary anxiety was negatively associated with self-control and emotional resilience. Emotional resilience is also positively associated with self-control. Model fit indices also confirmed the path of self-control over coronary anxiety mediated by emotional resilience.
Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, psychiatric clinics, counseling centers and health networks can use the findings of the research in the field of mental health and to face the covid-19 epidemic.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. The antigen molecule of four cytotoxic T-lymphocytes is involved in inhibition of T cell response and immune response regulation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene can affect the expression of the aforementioned molecule. The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphisms of rs4553808 and rs733618 of CTLA4 gene with the risk of breast cancer.
Methods: In this study to investigation polymorphisms, the DNA of 80 patients with breast cancer and 80 healthy individuals in central province of ARAK were extracted from peripheral blood. Then, PCR-RFLP technique was used. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and SNP Analyzer. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Arak University (Code: Ir.arakmu.rec.1396.25).
Results: Statistical analysis rs4553808 polymorphism showed no significant increase in the risk of patients with GG genotype compared with the control group (OR = 2/013, CI = 95% 1/721-2/353). Also, heterozygotes AG genotype analysis did not show any relationship between the genetic diversity and breast cancer (OR = 1/204, CI = 95% 0/604-2/402). The combination of AG + GG genotypes did not show any significant correlations (OR = 1/130, CI = 95% 0/569-2/242). Statistical analysis for rs733618 polymorphism showed increase in the risk of breast cancer. The results indicate that the TC (OR = 2/992, CI = 95% 1/280-1/998) showed a significant relationship between the genetic diversity and breast cancer. The analysis of the combined CC and TC genotypes was associated with increased risk for breast cancer compared to TT genotypes (OR = 0/334, CI = 95%; 0.143-0.782, P = 0.009). Considering that the distribution of CC and TC genotypes was significant between the two groups of control and the patient, so the frequency of TT genotype with the same amount of P = 0.001 was significant between the two groups of control and the patient.
Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between the genotypes rs733618 polymorphism and breast cancer. However, there was no significant relationship between rs4553808 polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

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Abstract
Background and Aim: This study aimed to compare the microleakage of an adhesive fissure sealant (AFS), a flowable composite resin (FC), and a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) in permanent teeth.
Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 45 extracted posterior teeth with sound fissures. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15). The occlusal fissures were sealed with Beautisealant AFS without etching and bonding in group 1, with Beautifil FC after 37% phosphoric acid etching in group 2, and with Fuji II LC RMGI in group 3. The teeth underwent 500 thermal cycles (5-55°C), and their apices were sealed with wax. They were then immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. Next, the teeth were sectioned buccolingually and inspected under a stereomicroscope to measure the dye penetration depth as an indicator of microleakage. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Chi-square test, and Scheffe test (alpha=0.05).
Ethical consideration: The study was approved by the ethics committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSHA.REC.1399.728).
Findings: The microleakage score of RMGI was significantly higher than that of AFS and FC (P<0.05), while the microleakage scores of FC and AFS were not significantly different (P=0.330).
Conclusion: The AFS showed a sealing ability comparable to that of FC, and can be used as an alternative to FC due to its fewer application steps. 

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Introduction: Nowadays, due to the increasing spread of electronic devices and digital transmitters, the general public is exposed to electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths. According to the function of the thyroid gland on the metabolic actions of the body, the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the serum level of thyroid stimulating hormone after receiving short-term and long-term electromagnetic waves emitted from home Wi-Fi.
Methods: 60 rats in the weight range of 250-300 grams were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. The first group did not receive any waves. The second group was placed near Irancell's portable Wi-Fi device for 10 days,1 hour a day, and the third group was near Wi-Fi waves for 3 hours a day for a month. After one month, blood was taken from the mice and the serum level of thyroid stimulating hormone was measured.
Results: The data analysis showed that the serum level of thyroid stimulating hormone in the group that was exposed to medium-term Wi-Fi waves was significantly different from the control group, but the level of this hormone in the group that was exposed to the waves for a short period of time, it was not significant in comparison with the control group.
Conclusions: According to the present results, it is possible that electromagnetic waves lead to hormonal disorders in the body, and one of these disorders can be a change in the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone.

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Background and Aim: Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease and one of the most common endocrine diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the development and progression of diabetes. mTOR signaling pathway play an important role in glucose homeostasis and proliferation of pancreatic beta cells. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of p-cymene on oxidative stress markers and expression of the mTOR gene in diabetic male Wistar rats were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by injecting 55 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin. Biochemical analyses of pancreatic tissue and real-time PCR were done to investigate the effects of metformin (55 mg/kg body weight) and p-cymene (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight) on the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and mTOR gene expression.
Findings: Streptozotocin decreased catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and decreased the expression of the mTOR gene in pancreatic tissue. Treatment with metformin or p-cymene improved the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes and the expression of the mTOR gene in a dose-independent manner.
Conclusion: Results indicate that p-cymene has antioxidant properties and can regulate the mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, p-cymene may be effective for the treatment of diabetes alone or in combination with metformin.

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Introduction: Breast cancer causes psychological problems and decreases psychological health in people, therapeutic interventions are needed to solve these problems. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of group meaning therapy intervention on the quality of life, emotional regulation, and life expectancy of women with breast cancer.
Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer referring to the health centers of Kerman city in 2023. Among them, 30 people were selected by the available sampling method and were replaced randomly and by lottery in two experimental and control groups (15 individuals in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The people in the experimental group received group-meaning therapy intervention (10 sessions) and two sessions weekly for 90 minutes. The questionnaires used in this research included quality of life, emotion regulation, and life expectancy questionnaires administered in two phases: pre-test and post-test.
Results: The results showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the average scores of the quality of life, emotion regulation, and life expectancy of the intervention and control groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the intervention and control groups after the intervention. The mean and standard deviation of the quality of life in the post-test was 6.91 ± 29.75, emotion regulation was 10.25 ± 98.28, and life expectancy was 6.49 ± 39.51 (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: According to the results of this research, group therapy increased the quality of life, emotion regulation, and life expectancy in women with cancer. Since the favorable mental state of the patient affects their recovery, the use of this method is recommended as an effective strategy to reduce the psychological problems of patients.

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Introduction: Considering the synthesis and release of myokines from muscle tissue during exercise and the relationship of myokines with the development of strength and increase in muscle volume, the purpose of this study is to investigate 12 weeks of resistance training on the serum levels of myonectin and FGF- There were 21 middle-aged men.
Methods: In a semi-experimental study, 40 middle-aged men of Arak city (mean age 38.27 ± 6.02 years, weight 77.12 ± 11.23 kg, height 174.05 ± 7.22 cm) were selected and randomly placed in two resistance training groups (20 people) and control (20 people). The training group performed 12 weeks of resistance training 3 times a week with an intensity of 65-80% of maximum strength. Blood was taken from all the subjects 48 hours before and after the intervention, and serum levels of myonectin and FGF-21 were checked by the ELISA method. After checking the normality of the data, they were analyzed by the correlation t-test and independent t-test at a significance level of less than 0.05.
Results: Resistance training caused a significant increase in the serum level of myonectin (P = 0.001) and the serum level of FGF-21 (P = 0.001) and also decreased the percentage of fat (P = 0.417) in middle-aged men.
Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it seems that resistance training can have positive adaptation by increasing the serum levels of myonectin and FGF-21 in the regulation of muscle mass, hypertrophy process, angiogenesis process, and Improve the body's metabolism.

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Introduction: Delinquency is a serious challenge for teenagers and has significant negative social effects. The main goal of this research was to find out the structural equation modeling of extraversion and delinquent behavior disorder: the mediating role of moral intelligence among the juveniles of Kerman Correctional Center.
Methods: This was a descriptive correlational research of structural equation model type. The statistical population of this research was made up of 80 juveniles of Kerman Correctional Center, who were selected and studied by simple random sampling using Morgan's table. To collect information, Hans Eysenck's (1963) Personality Type Questionnaire, Goodman's Conduct Disorder Questionnaire (1997), Aiti Juvenile Delinquency Questionnaire (2013) and Link and Keel's Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (2005) were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling) were used for data analysis through SPSS-28 and Smart PLS-3 software.
Results: The results of this research showed that there is a direct and positive relationship between extraversion and juvenile delinquency. There is a significant direct and positive relationship between conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency. There is a direct and positive relationship between extroversion and moral intelligence of teenagers. There is a significant direct and negative relationship between conduct disorder and moral intelligence of adolescents. There is a direct negative relationship between moral intelligence and delinquency. There was no relationship between extraversion and juvenile delinquency as a mediator of moral intelligence. There was no relationship between conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency with the mediating role of moral intelligence.
Conclusions: According to the results, it can be acknowledged that moral intelligence is an effective component of delinquency affected by extroversion and behavior disorder in teenagers. Therefore, education and training programs should be implemented to strengthen moral intelligence in schools and families, because these programs can strengthen moral skills and moral decision-making power in teenagers and help reduce behavioral disorders and, as a result, delinquency.

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Introduction: Bird′s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L., Fabaceae) has many medicinal properties due to its valuable chemical compounds. This research reviews the chemical compounds and medicinal properties of this plant.
Methods: This study used library resources, search engines, and databases such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubChem, ScienceDirect, Magiran, ResearchGate, and SID. The data were collected and classified.
Results: The results indicate that bird′s-foot trefoil is rich in valuable compounds such as kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, oleamide, and linoleamide. Different extracts of this plant have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, anti-cancer, anti-pain, anti-depressant, anti-amylase, anti-fungal, antiprotozoal, and anti-bacterial activities. It is used for wound healing, controlling anxiety and nausea, treating urinary infections, removing kidney stones, and as an antispasmodic and anti-hemorrhoid. Topical application of Lotus corniculatus seed extract has reduced the sebum contents and areas of oily human skin.
Conclusions: L. corniculatus can directly and indirectly affect human life and health. Due to the effective compounds and medicinal properties of Bird′s-foot trefoil, additional studies and clinical tests on its medicinal properties should be performed.

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Introduction: Resilience is an influential component of various psychological, emotional, and emotional variables and is substantial in occupational, individual, and family issues research.
Methods: The present study is fundamental in its purpose and descriptive in collecting data; it is a correlational type with a structural equation model. The statistical population of the study also includes all married female nurses in government medical centers and hospitals in Alborz province who were working in 2022, from which 400 people were selected as a sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Connor and Davidson's (2003) resilience questionnaire, the revised short form of the Skorn-Smith Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (2003), and Bagarozzi's (2001) Marital Intimacy Questionnaire were used to collect data.
Results: There is a positive and significant relationship between self-differentiation (r = 0.732,
P > 0.01) and marital intimacy (r = 0.856, P > 0.01) with resilience. Also, the standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the self-differentiation variable were 20.686, 0.212, and -0.941; the marital intimacy variable was 89.597, 887, and -0.019; and the resilience variable was 30.055, 0.202, and -1.131.
Conclusions: The results showed that the data fit the research's conceptual model and also confirmed the mediating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between self-differentiation and resilience. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare professionals pay special attention to the cognitive, emotional, and affective variables of this group to increase the strength of married female nurses.

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Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the lifestyle of improving the health and emotional distress of women undergoing infertility treatment with the in vitro fertilization (IVF) method.
Methods: The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF method referring to the infertility center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the first six months of 2012. In this research, 27 women undergoing infertility treatment with IVF method were selected by voluntary sampling method and replaced by random method in test and control groups. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy (10 sessions) for two and a half months. A health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP) and an emotional distress questionnaire (Lavibond and Lavibond, 1995) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: It showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the lifestyle level improves health (Eta = 0.56, F = 19.74) and has a significant effect on the dimensions of emotional disorders such as depression (P < 0.0001, Eta = 0.58, F = 0.58). F = 34), anxiety (P > 0001; Eta = 0.59; F = 35.69), and stress (P > 0.0001; Eta = 0.61; F = 40.12) of women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF, and has been able to lead to increase a healthy lifestyle, reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in these individuals.
Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy, utilizing six psychological acceptance processes, cognitive breakdown, self under context, interaction with the present, specified values, and committed behavior, can be used as an effective treatment to reduce emotional distress in women undergoing IVF infertility treatment.

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Introduction: One of the most common problems in newborns is apnea of prematurity. Given the importance of preventing apnea in very premature infants, the present study was designed and conducted to investigate the preventive effect of caffeine on reducing the frequency of apnea events in very premature infants.
Methods: This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted on premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia. Infants were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The intervention group received intravenous caffeine at an initial dose of 20 mg/kg and a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg for 14 days. In contrast, the control group received an equal volume of normal saline intravenously for the same period. Apnea events, cyanosis attacks, and bradycardia were recorded by the researchers in a standard checklist.
Results: Of the 50 infants in each group, 2% of the caffeine and 4% of the control group required prolonged oxygen therapy, respectively. Also, 6% of the caffeine group and 4% of the control group experienced intraventricular hemorrhage. In addition, 4% of the caffeine group and 2% of the control group required surgery to close the patent ductus arteriosus, and 14% of the caffeine group and 18% of the control group experienced apneic events. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of apneic events (P = 0.58). Ultimately, 20% of the caffeine group and 14% of the control group died.
Conclusions: Although the findings of the present study were not statistically significant, they indicate a decrease in the frequency of apnea events in the group of premature infants receiving caffeine compared to the control group.

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Introduction: Hallux valgus is a common foot deformity causing lateral deviation of the first toe and progressive subluxation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kinesiotype and ankle strengthening exercises with a bosu ball on pain, balance and big toe angle in women with hallux valgus.
Methods: This clinical trial study used a pre-test and post-test design. First, forty-five women with hallux valgus and flat feet were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: a kinesiotape group (four weeks, three sessions/week, 24-hour tape application per session), a kinesiotape with Bosu ball ankle strengthening exercises (four weeks, three sessions/week, 30 minutes of exercises and 24-hour tape application per session), and a control group (no intervention). Pain, balance, and hallux valgus angle were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), stork test, and goniometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a significance level (P ≥ 0.05).
Results: After performing the exercises, comparing the data between the two groups before and after 4 weeks revealed a significant difference in pain, balance, and hallux valgus angle in the two groups of kinesiotape and kinesiotape along with the strengthening exercises of Boussou bathop compared to The control group showed (P = 0.001).
Conclusions: A combined program of kinesiotape and Bosu ball ankle strengthening exercises may improve pain, balance, and hallux valgus alignment in women.

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Introduction: Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapy agent, offers therapeutic benefits for cancer treatment but often leads to adverse effects on neurogenesis and oxidative stress. On the other hand, physical activity has been proposed as a potential strategy to counteract these side effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an endurance training period on oxidative stress markers in the brain tissue of rats induced with cisplatin.
Methods: In this study, 32 male rats with an average weight of 220 grams were divided into four groups: healthy control, cisplatin-injected control, endurance training, and cisplatin + endurance training. After 8 weeks of endurance training, the rats were dissected, and blood serum was separated to measure oxidant and antioxidant factors. Additionally, the brain was removed under sterile conditions for the examination of the desired markers. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that cisplatin significantly decreased MDA and significantly increased TAC and CAT in the cisplatin-receiving control group. On the other hand, 8 weeks of endurance training significantly decreased MDA and significantly increased TAC and CAT. Moreover, no significant change was observed in serum SOD levels. In brain tissue, MDA levels significantly increased, and TAC, CAT, and SOD levels significantly decreased in the cisplatin-receiving group. Conversely, 8 weeks of endurance training reduced MDA levels and increased TAC, CAT, and SOD levels.
Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it appears that physical exercise has protective effects against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in the brain, which may be attributed to its antioxidant capabilities