Showing 1399 results for Type of Study: Original Atricle
Zabihollah Shahmoradi, Mohmmmad Rafiyees, Malihe Nikroo,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
Molluscum contagiosum (M.C) is one of the nearly prevalent dermatologic disease of childhood are skin-colored papule which have a central umbilication. The main objective of this study, was looking for M.C in kindergartners of Arak city. The total prevalence of M.C in this study was 1.96%. There is no significant relation between sex and M.C common involved age 2-3 years and no seen under the age of 1 year. The distribution of the lesions is more multiple and the most prevalent lesions in both sex are seen on the trunk and then neck and axillae.
Masoume Soufian,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
Familian meditranian fever (FMF) is an inherited disorder and characterized by recurrent self limiting attacks of fever and polyserositis. Because of rarity of this disease and the difficulty of diagnosis, the physicians presence of mind is a necessary thing. The patient is a 16 years old boy who had recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, headache, fever, rash and arthritis. The interval of his attacks was variable between 1-2 years and 2 times in a week. He had an appendectomy about 8 years ago. Because of arthritis, with probable diagnosis of R.F, he received penicillin monthly. During the attacks, lab tests showed, leukocytosis elevated sedimentation rate and positive CPR.
The CT of abdomen and transient of small bowell were normal.
The use of colchicine 0.5mg two times in a day caused arrest of attacks.
This case is reported because of its rarity and for physicians presence of mind.
Afsaneh Talayee,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
This paper is a case report about a 17 years old boy, who came us to Vali-asr hospital clinic with loss of appetite and skin lesions, and arthritis. He felt well to one month ago, until he was taken an operation for appendicitis.Several days after that , skin lesions included erythematous, purpura lesions began to appear. Arthritis in MCP,PIP, anckles, wrists and knees was appeared. Biopsy of skin lesions cleared, vasculitis, edema, and PMN infiltrations. Biopsy findings strongly suggested lupus. The exams were normal except for reduction of C3, C4, CH50, ADNA was positive. Photosensitivity arthritis, skin lesions and biopsy findings and serologic findings were in favor of sub acute cutaneous lupus. This form of lupus is seen in 10% of lupus case. Usually CNS and renal lesions are rare. ANA also is negative up to 50%. History of this form of lupus is better than systemic lupus, but occasionally this form is converted to systemic lupus. This boy was taken medication with prednisolone and coloroquine. Finally, all of symptoms respond to treatment.
Jamal Fellahati, Hamidreza Nikbin, Jamshid Motamed,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
Refractive error is a disturbance that a picture from one object is not on retina, in this reason picture is not clear. A clear picture is very important for development of visual nervous system to 10 years- old in children. This study was performed in 7 boys school in Arak. Today 753 boys student in the range of 6-11 years-old by the screening test was examined for visual acuity. Prevalence for refractive error was 9.5%. The most prevalence refractive error was pure myopia (56.9%). Family History in 65.3% was positive.
Ahmad Ghadami,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, inserting intravenous equipments is one of the common invasive methods in patient care and one of the most common related complications is phlebitis.
Objective: This study was accomplished to determine the prevalence rate of phlebitis and comparing the risk of it among clients according to duration of staying of the intravenous equipments during 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours.
Materials and Methods: 350 clients who hospitalized in ward orthopedic with goal achievement sampling method were studied. The tools of collecting data was a questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics methods and survival test.
Finding: The prevalence rate of phlebitis was 31% . It has been increased according to the duration of staying of intravenous equipments. The risk of phlebitis in 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours was 0.0034, 0.0046, 0.0154 and 0.0187 respectively and the survival test didn’t show any significant difference among above numbers.
Conclusion: Noticing to present protocol which is related to stay intravenous equipments up to 72 hours and the obtained results of this research (no significant difference between 72 hours vs. 96), it is necessary to do more studies in this fields. Similar findings can show a way for decreasing the cost for patient and community.
Parviz Ghadam Li,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
Guidelines about the use of oral rehydration solutions (OSR) and dietary management of acute gastroenteritis (GE) were published and presented by World Health Organization (WHO). The aims of this study were to examine pediatricians knowledge and implementation of the WHO guidelines, the effect of medical schools (Tehran versus other cities graduates) on the physicians practice, and the effect of the type of practice of the management of gasteroenteritis (private clinic versus hospital-based). A multiple-choice, written questionnaire was distributed at Pediatrics annual meeting. A total of 87 pediatricians completed the questionnaire. They were aware of 73% of the current WHO guidelines and followed 60% of the guidelines. Most pediatricians (83%) yse ORS fir treatment of dehydration in GE, but 60% of pediatricians believe that full-strenght feeds are inappropriate in the presence of GE. In addition, 37% of the pediatricians stop feeding temporarily in the presence of GE. These findings suggest that steps for implementing the nutritional guidelines are needed.
Zohreh Majidi,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2000)
Abstract
This article has no abstract.
Valiollah Khadir Sharbayani, Majid Maleki,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Nitroglycerin components are the main drugs in controlling acute ischemia in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and they are available in different form. Sublingual pearl is the most common forms which is imported. The study was done on 100 PATIENTS IN SHAHID Rajaei hospital and compared its effects of sublingual tablet 0.4mg which is made by Soha Drug Company with sublingual pearl and placebo. It was evaluated subjective effects in half of the them and hemodynamic effects in the other half. Results showed the same effects between tablet and pearl to become relief and positive effects of tablet in comparison between drugs (p<_0.01) and also hemodynamic effects of pearl and tablet are same (Pp<_0.01).
Sharareh Khosravi,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Congenital anomalies are an important part of medical problems which most of times needs intensive care and cause high rates of mortality and morbidity in infants. In this descriptive study which was done in spring 1379 (2000) the incidence of gross congenital anomalies was determined in newborns, born in Taleghani and Ghods Hospitals in Arak city. 2069 newborns were born during the time in which 17 cases had at least one congenital anomaly. Results showed that the incidence for congenital anomalies was 0.82%. 58.82% of these affected newborns were female, 46.41% were born under 37 weeks of gestation and 4.28% were under 2500 grams. In 29.41% of cases, marriage was consanguineous, 58.81% of these mothers were multipara and 70.59% were under 30 years old. 35.29% of mothers had a major disease and 11.77% used drugs during pregnancy. 77.47% of these newborns had only one anomaly in which the most common involved system were CNS, head and neck and skeletal. 23.53% of cases had more than one anomaly.
Jamileh Danesh Nia ,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
For the purpose of surveying the relationship of family health behaviors with enuresis, among the school-age children (aged 7-12 year), who studied at primary schools of educational regions, in the West of Tehran, 138 students who at least, were enuresis, according to DSM III-R diagnostic criteria, chosen as case group, and 127 students who were normal, chosen as control group. The research was a analytical-descriptive survey that has been carried out in the form of a case-control retrospective study. A multistage random sampling method was used to select the studied sample. The case and control were matched with each others, according to their age, sex, educational region and socioeconomic status. Finally, data analysis revealed that among factors that related to the childs prenatal and neonatal period, there was significant association between, mother taking effort for aboration, history of mothers stress, and abdominal trauma during pregnancy, kind of delivery, child cyanosis at birth and enuresis. Also results indicated significant relationship between duration of childs breast feeding history of childs fever with convulsion and enuresis. At least based on the results, most hypothesis have not been rejected and according to them practical recommendation have been suggested.
Sedighe Rafeei Tabatabaaie , Hassan Mojtaba,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
B.C.G vaccine, with 79 years antiquity is still the most used vaccine around the world. On the average 85 percent of children around the world received this vaccine in 1993. Immunity induction and the rate of effectiveness of this vaccine was reported differently between 2.83% in various studies. This study was done for evaluating the effect of B.C.G in infancy period. After vaccination, the establish scar diameter had been measured and tuberculin test with the 5 unit PPD solution had been performed. B.C.G scar diameter were in 96% of cases or more than 3 millimeters (scar positive) and 4% less than 3 millimeters. Response to tuberculin test had been less than 5 millimeters (negative) in 309 persons 39% and between 5 to 9 millimeters (suspected or vaccinal positive ) in 436 persons (55%) and equal or more than 10 millimeters (positive ) in 49 persons (6%). There had been correlation between the size of B.C.G scar and the severity of tuberculin test.
Jamal Fellahati , Hamidreza Nikbin, Mohsen Ebrahimi , Mitra Frotan,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Cataract is one of the important diseases in childhood that can be classified in two main groups: Congenital & Acquired. There hasn’t been any exact idea about the prevalence of this disease in childhood yet. On the other hand it has been very important to diagnose the disease before the age 6 years old. So that preventing from the adverse effects. We tried to perform our plan in the students of the primary schools in the city of Arak. The study was descriptive observational and cross-sectional. Total numbers of the students of the primary schools in Arak were 58557. We selected 7668 students (3972 boys & 3696 girls). 10 students (7 boys & 3 girls) had cataract. As a result the total prevalence of the cataract among the students of the primary schools in the city of Arak in spring (1376) was 0.13%.
Mohammad Hassan Mohammadi, Parvin Ghal-E Riz , Saeed Pahlevanzadeh, Gholam Abass Mosavi , Masoumeh Hamzeei ,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the important endocrine disease. In recent 10 years it has increased to 70 million people in the world. The diabetes patients are aware of that complications may occure in future. Depression is the most common one. This study is a descriptive-analytic which was done in 1999 in Kashan diabetes center. The aim of this research was to determine the incidence and severity of depression in the diabetic patients who were used to take antidiabetic tablets and insulin. For this purpose, the researchers selected 80 diabetic patients to have characteristics to enter the study. (38 patients were treated by tablets and 42 patients by insulin). Method of sampling was conclude one data were gathered with Beck test and two part questionnaire including demographic and severity of depression in patients taking insulin. Severity of depression was higher than tablet users. On the other hand there was a significant relation between severity of depression and kind of treatment (insulin injection) (P<0.04). Regarding to the findings, however depression in these patients is high and the patients who are taking insulin are at risk of this mental complication and the health team members should take care of them.
Mehdi Mosayebi, Zahra Eslami Rad ,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Cryptosporidium spp. Have a world-wide distribution that is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children and in the immunocompromised such as those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Cryptosporidium in many countries is three of forth agent of diarrhea among children. This study was carried out on 405 children under age of 5 that referred to Amir-Kabir hospital between May to October 1997-98 (N=405). The analysis of excretion by modified Zeil-Nelson were carried out. 31 children 7.7% were infected by cryptosporidium. This rate in children with diarrhea was 5.66%. The amount of infection was 6%, 8.7% in girls and boys and this rate was in higher limit in September and October. Infection in children was related with domestic animals and birds in house or drinking other source of water except of piping water. The infection was highest rate in 4-5 years children and was lower rate in 3-4 years children.
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Gholamali Fatahi Bayat,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2001)
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important disease in the newborn period that can lead to many complications and even death. This study is a descriptive study which was done on neonataes who admitted in neonatal and NICU wards of Amir-Kabir and Taleghani Hospitals in Arak City from March 1999 to March 2000. The number of cases in this study were 500 and all of them were evaluated and sepsis work up were done. The frequency of neonatal sepsis in male neonates was more than female neonates and M/F ratio was 1.4. The ratio of neonatal sepsis in premature neonates to term neonates was 1.5. The ratio of sepsis neonatal in L.B.W neonates to normal neonates was 1.4. The most common clinical manifestation of neonatal sepsis in this study was poor feeding. 75% of patients had early-onset sepsis and 25% of patients had late-onset sepsis. In our study from 474 neonates, blood culture in 25 cases were positive. The most common microorganisms were non fermentative gram negative bacilli (32%) and Klebsiella (28%). 24 neonates had positive urine culture and the most common etiologic agent was Klebsiella. Leukocytosis and anemia were detected in 31.2% and 17.95% of our patients. The mortality rate in these neonates were 18.4%.
Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari, Ahmadreza Shamshiri, Faramarz Masgedian, Alireza Salek Moghaddam,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2001)
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the in-vitro susceptibility of isolated gram-negative bacteria from hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) to ofloxacin in comparison with ceftriaxone and other conventional antibiotics. Gram-negative rods (408 samples) isolated from hospitalized patients with UTI from September 1998 to Janury 1999 and their sensitivity to various antibiotics were determined. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (9MIC) of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone were evaluated according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratoty Standard (NCCLS) recommendations. The predominant organisms were Escherichia coli (68.3%), Pseudomonas spp (15.4%), Enterobacter spp (6.7%), Proteus spp (6.2%) and Klebsiella (3.4%). The percentage of resistance for all strains was 86.8%, 51.6%, 27% for ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoazazole and nalidixic acid respectively, 24.8% for nitrofurantoine, 27.2% for gentamicin, 13.6% for ofloxacin and 14% for ceftriaxocine. Enterobacteriacea was more sensitive to ofloxacin (99%), but Pseudomonas spp, were weakly sensitive to ofloxacin (60%), Also in the case of ceftriaxone, enterobacteriaxea was the most sensitive bacteria (90%) and sensitivity of E.coli and pseudomonas spp. To ceftriaxone were 86.5% and 70% respectively. In our study there was no significant difference between ofloxacin and ceftriaxone (P=0.88). Both antibiotics had in-vitro broad activity against gram-negative bacteria in hospitalized patients with UTI. Larger-scale studies are recommended to compare the effect of oral ofloxacin with parental ceftriaxone in patients.
Gholam Ali Fatahi Bayat, Sousan Marefati,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2001)
Abstract
Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a psychosocial problem for children and parents. The incidence of Ne is 20% in 5 years old children. Since no single etiology is found for disorder, various therapeutic modalities have been used. None of which could cure enuresis entirely. Two types of treatment are considered: Pharamacologic & nonpharmacologic. A prospective experimental study in the level of clinical trial in 98 children aged 5-15 years who have NE underwent for 1 month of therapy with imiperamine in 49 and desmopressin in 49 no. of patient treated with imiperamine 36 children have complete response (73%) (all dry bed), at the 3 months follow up 20 children have recurrence. Ammong patients treated with dessmopressin, 31 children have complete response (63%). Recueernce rate after 3 months is 17 cases. Our results didn’t indicate any statistical difference between imipramine & desmopressin in the treatment of N.E. Imipramine is more complicated than desmopressin so that desmppressin is preferred.
Valiollah Khadir, Aryan Mansouri,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2001)
Abstract
Coronary artery diseases are the most important cause of mortality in many countries and there are many risk factors where by reducing its prevalence or side effects by deletion or control. This study has done in Arak in two stages on 1050 patients who were over 20 years. They included 750 women and 300 men who were selected randomly. In first stage factors in total investigated population were as follow: Hypertension 20.7%, hyperglycemia 5.8%, obesity 30.2% and positive family history 21.9%. 385 patients were investigated with necessary educational programs after six months and they had at least one risk factor which can be modified or deleted without need to drug use. It was cleared that in men and women respectively cholesterol 13,15.2% (P<0.0001), triglyceridemia 36, 18.5% (p<0.0001), body mass index 4, 4.3% (p<0.0001), systolic blood pressure 10,5.6% (P<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure were 11, 7.5% (p<0.0001) decreased. Blood sugar shoed significant reduction in women 40.1% (P=0.001) and cigarret smooking didn’t show significant reduction in two sexes.
Abas Ali Pourmomeni,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2001)
Abstract
The most commonest entrapment mononeuropathy is carpal tunnel syndrome. This syndrome is associated with hypothyroidism, acromegaly, amyloidosis, pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, … and idiopathic. The aim of this study was evaluation and prevalence of sign and symptom in this sundrome. All patients with upper extremity pain were referred to EMG lab studied. Inclusion criteria was conduction study and exclusion criteria was other Entrapments and radiculopathies . 1024 hands from 745 patient were selected. In this study T females were affected more than males. Most age (8/1) was 36 to 50 years(48.4%). Right hand 44.3% and left hand 21.3% and bilateral 35.4%. Neoturnal pain was dominate sign (74%), phalen test 62%, paresthesia in hand 57%, tinel sign 47.9%. Different sensory between index & little finger was 43.1%. There is significant correlation between distal)motor 7 sensory) and phalen test. Also there is significant relation phalen test 7 tunnel sign.
Abdolrahim Sadeghi, Hamidreza Rozati, Minou Golestani, Azadeh Moshtagh, Mozhgan Sadeghi , Zoreh Sari,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2001)
Abstract
About 3-5 percent of population suffer from mental retardation (MR) mildly to severely. One of the most common causes of Mr is chromosomal aberrations. In this research, Chromosmal study was performed for 100 Mental Retarders (MRS) by G-banding Method. 100 MRS were suffering from downs syndromes: 21 cases with 21 free Trisomy, 1 case chromosomal mosaism and residual case had Robertsonian traslocation 14; 21 also chromosomal mosaism. Other 8 MRS had be structural aberrations in chromosmals such as inversion (3 cases), partial trisomy (1 case), ring 22 chromosme (1 case) and breakages in different chromosmes (3 cases). The results showed that chromosomal aberrations are frequent between Mental Retarderes and the most common chromosomal aberrations occure between MRS is 21 free trisomy.
