Showing 82 results for Amin
Mojdeh Fattahzadeh, Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely-used flavor enhancer and stabilizer in ready-made or packaged foods. The excessive use of MSG has been shown to increase oxidative stress in different regions of the brain. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of L-carnitine was investigated against MSG intoxication in granular cell of cerebellum in rats.
Materials and Methods: 48 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the control, sham (normal saline treated), MSG (3%), L-Carnitine200, MSG+L-Carnitine100 and MSG+L-Carnitine200. After 30 days of treatment, through transcardialy perfusion, the rats were sacrificed and histopathological analyses were conducted on cerebellum.
Results: The results indicated that the density of granular cells in cerebellar folium IV, V and VI of rats in the MSG group had significantly decreased in comparison to that of the control and sham groups. Furthermore, the MSG+L-Carnitine200 group showed the higher density of granular cells compared with the MSG group in the three folia.
Conclusion: Treatment with L-Carnitine could protect the granular cells in cerebellum against MSG intoxication in rats.
Nasrin Shikhhossieni, Rohollah Nikooie, Mohsen Aminaie,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance training on the content of lactate dehydrogenase isoforms (LDHA and LDHB) and isozymes in cerebrospinal fluid of male wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Seventeen animals (5 weeks old) were randomly divided into two groups according their body weight: control (C; n = 9) and trained (T; n = 8). The animals from the T group were underwent a training program for 12 weeks (started at 20 m/min for 30 min and finished at 26 m/min for 60 min at the last week). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from cisterna Magna 72 hours after the last exercise session. LDH Isoforms and isozymes were measured by ELISA and Electrophoresis techniques, and the comparisons between groups were evaluated by student t-test.
Results: Both LDHA and LDHB isoforms were found in the CSF of the C group; LDH1 and LDH5 had the highest and lowest content, respectively. Following the twelve-week training protocol, LDHB (p<0.01), LDH1 (p<0.01), and LDH2 concentrations (p<0.01) were significantly increased in the T group compared with those from the C group and LDH3 concentrations (p<0.01) and LDHA/LDHB ratio (p<0.01) were significantly decreased. Endurance training had no effect on LDHA and LDH4.
Conclusion: Endurance training is associated with oxidative shift of lactate dehydrogenase isoforms and isozymes in cerebrospinal fluid which could be considered as a prelude to aerobic metabolism of lactate in the brain.
Roshanak Haji Mohammad Ali, Masoud Parsania, Gholamreza Amin,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) may lead to oral herpes, encephalitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Today, following the increasing of HSV-1 prevalence and drug resistance, there has been an interest in the use of natural substance. In this study, we assessed the effect of hexane and methanol extracts of Chelidonium majus L. against acyclovir-resistant HSV-1.
Materials and Methods: The toxicity threshold of Chelidonium majus L. hexane and methanol extracts on HeLa cell was determined with trypan blue and MTT methods. Their direct antiviral effects were evaluated against HSV-1. Different concentrations of extracts in different times of virus replication have been evaluated. In each stage, the viral titers were tested by TCID50 assay.
Findings: The methanol extract at the concentration of 200 µg/ml and hexane extract at the concentration of 600 µg/ml were determined as effective minimal cytotoxic concentration on HeLa cell line. These concentrations did not have significant virucidal effects on Herpes simplex virus. The maximum antiviral effects of methanol extract at the concentration of 200 µg/ml was exhibited 1 and 2 hours after virus adsorption and reduced virus titer 4 logTCID50 compared to the control. Hexane extract did not have antiviral effect.
Conclusion: methanol extract of chelidonium majus L. compared to hexane extract showed significant antiviral effect on acyclovir-resistant HSV-1. Further research is required to identify specific bioactive compounds of this plant in order to be used in anti-herpes drugs. |
Amin Mombeyni, Mehdi Bahmanzade, Abbas Sarami, Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani, Mohammad Parastesh,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Following physical activity in various tissues of the body, oxidative stress occurs and affects the antioxidant capacity and consequently the fertility of men negatively. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress and spermatogenesis quality.
Materials and Methods: 20 male rats of Sprague Dawley (weight 200-250, 4 months old) were randomly divided into two groups of resistance training and control group (n = 10). The exercise program included climbing a ladder by hanging the load to the tail for 8 weeks (5 days a week, 3 times 4 repetitions). During the program, the load gradually was increased, and in the last week, it reached to 200% of the animal body weight. After intervention, the mice were anesthetized in separate groups and testicular tissue was isolated to evaluate Malondialdehyde index as an oxidative stress marker and to determine antioxidant capacity by Frap method. Fixation, processing, cutting of testicular tissue and eventually coloring steps were examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E). The spermatogenesisqualitywas calculated based on Johnson method. The data were analyzed by independent t-test was used and significance level was considered p <0.05.
Findings: Increased Malondialdehyde levels were observed in the treatment group compared to control group (p =0.01). In the training group, the spermatogenesis quality was lower (p =0.013), the antioxidant capacity in the training group was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.83) and there isn’t any significant difference.
Conclusion: The findings indicate thatdue to increased oxidative stress, increasing resistance training may have negative effects on the quality of spermatogenesis and men's fertility. |
Mersedeh Fatemeh Yazdanbakhsh, Aboo Saeed Rashidi, Mohammad Karim Rahimi, Ramin Khajavi, Hamed Shafaroodi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this research is to provide nanofibers from cellulose with Wheat bran as an agricultural residue and its antimicrobial activity by dipping ciprofloxacin hydrochloride on Staphylococcus aureus.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, cellulose disks were prepared from nano-impregnated fiber. Subsequently, these disks were placed on Staphylococcus aureus with standard paper disks and the results were measured as a non-growth zone after 24 hours. The amount of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride adsorbed in cellulose by comparing the effect of cellulosic discs containing different concentrations of antibiotics and standard ciprofloxacin disks was determined. Subsequently, the evaluation of the time of recovery of the ulcer in the skin of the rats was carried out with the drug-mediated formulation and without drug.
Findings: The disk (nano alpha-cellulosic) dipped by ciprofloxacin hydrochloride created a non-growth zone in Staphylococcus aureus. Measuring the size of the wound was done by digital imaging and the ImageJ software. The results of the recovery process were analyzed by ANOVA and pathological tests in five days.
Conclusion: The results showed that the nano-fibers disk could be useful in controlling bacteria in the culture medium, and the area of the wounds in rats (rats) dressed with nano-fibers impregnated with the drug was significantly less than the control group (p <0.05). |
Farzaneh Rooshenas, Mahboobeh Ashrafi, Saeed Nazifi, Mahmoud Aminlari, Sara Talebanzadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medicinal plants possessing antioxidant activity may reduce oxidative stress and improve the functions of various organs that affected by hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) administration to diabetic rats by measuring the oxidative stress parameters and important biochemical enzymes in liver tissue.
Materials and Methods: 72 hours after STZ administration (60 mg/kg body weight), the animals with fasting blood glucose over of 250 mg/dl were considered to be diabetic rats and experimental groups were: control (1), control drug (2), diabetes (3) and diabetes drug (4). The treatment was started on the 7th day after STZ injection with i.p injection of SAE (200mg/kg body weight), five doses and weekly to groups 2 and 4. At the end of the experimental period, biochemical factors were measured after bleeding and harvesting of tissues.
Findings: Results indicated the perturbation in the activity of important liver enzymes in diabetic group (3) and SAE adjusted and normalized their levels activity. In addition, SAE with increases in the activity of antioxidant enzymes alleviated diabetes induced oxidative stress and thus reduced MDA levels in group 4 compared to group 3.
Conclusion: SAE is not only useful in the controlling of blood glucose, but also has antioxidant potential to protect the liver tissue of diabetic rats against damage caused by hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.
Komeil Amini, Kamran Mansouri,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a prevalent, life-threatening disease and cause of cancer among women. Therefore, in recent years, developing novel anti-HPV agents is highly regarded. The study was planned to bioinformatic screening for E1 and E2 potential inhibitors of HPV serotypes including 16,18,31,33 and 45 types from medicinal plants.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study. In the first step, three-dimension structure of phytochemicals were retrieved from PubChem database and then the cell cytotoxicity and mutagenesis potential of them were evaluated. In the next step, the amino acid sequences of two key proteins of mentioned types of HPV including E1 and E2 were obtained from Uniprot database. Furthermore, the conserved and variable regions of the protein sequences were predicted using multiple sequence alignment method. Finally, the three-dimension structure of mentioned proteins was determined by homology modeling method and potential interactions of the phytochemicals with the proteins were investigated using molecular docking method through Autodock 4.2.6 software.
Findings: The results demonstrated that ursolic acid has no cytotoxicity and mutagenesis potential with appropriate physicochemical properties. Results also showed that mentioned compound had strong interaction with both E1 and E2 of all studied serotypes. Furthermore, the evaluation of ursolic acid and E1 and E2 interactions showed that amino acid is involved in conserved regions of mentioned serotypes.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results of present study ursolic acid could be good candidate for more in vitro and in vivo studies of its anti HPV activity.
Mohsen Dalvandi, Hyder Farahani, Ramin Safari Rad,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Low Back Pain is one of the most common complains of Human societies. LDH (Lumber Disk Herniation) is one of the relatively common causes of Low Back Pain. This study aimed to assay serum zinc cofactor in patients compared to healthy group.
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients which were diagnosed as a "known case of LDH" by the specialist and based on tests were chosen by simple selection method (30 men and 30 women). Also, 57 people were chosen as a control group (29 men and 28 women). measurement was done based on single reagent direct calorimetric method using the kit made by "Ziestchem diagnostics company, Iran".
Findings: Total, 117 objects were observed in case and control groups. Serum zinc level was measured in all of them. Obtained results were analyzed by Student t-test, and ꭕ2, by using SPSS software with the confidence interval of 95 percent. Results showed that 21.7% of patients with LDH were having high physical activity and 36.7% having low physical activity.
Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the mean serum zinc levels in patients with LDH compared to control group. Decrement in serum zinc may be considered as an distruption factor in the activity of enzymes involved in proteins biosynthesis.
Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh, Habibollah Khodabandeh, Nooshin Yazdani, Samaneh Rafiei,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Neuropathy is the most common abnormality in diabetes mellitus which characterized with cerebral damages especially in hippocampus. This study evaluates the effect of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum extract (CZE) on memory, hippocampal neuron damage and antioxidant enzymes levels in animal model of diabetes.
Materials and Methods: 50 adult Sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control, STZ (Streptozotocin, 50 mg/kg; i.p.), and STZ + CZE100, STZ + CZE200 and STZ + CZE400 which were treated with CZE in 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. CZE was administered in 14 days, orally. After evaluation of working and spatial memory, activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes was assessed by ELISA. Then, histopathological assessment of hippocampus was done.
Findings: In comparison with the controls, STZ group showed an increase in latency time and distance to the hidden platform in MWM, a decrease in alteration behaviors, cell density and activity of CAT and GPx enzymes in hippocampus (p˂0.05). In addition, treatment with CZE decreased latency time and distance in MWM and increased alteration behavior, hippocampal cell density and activity of antioxidant enzymes in comparison with the STZ group (p˂0.05).
Conclusion: Diabetes with reduction of neuronal density and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus causes deficits in spatial and working memory. However, Administration of CZE ameliorates these neuropathologic disorders.
Ali Parvin, Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Mahdi Noureddini, Sayyed Ali Haeri Roohani, Saeed Aminzadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hypercholesterolemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis that the use of medicinal plants with minimal side effects is very important in the treatment of it. In this study, comparative evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss with atorvastatin on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats was carried out.
Materials and Methods: Forty male wistar rats with about 180gr weight randomly individed into five groups of eight: 3 experimental groups, 1 sham group and 1 control group. The experimental and sham groups received a high-fat diet with 2% cholesterol (through gavage) for 40 days. The experimental groups were treated (were fed) separately with 40 mg/kg/day atorvastatin, 25 mg/kg/day quercetin and 25 mg/kg/day hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss for 28 days. Sham group received daily 1 mg/kg saline water during this period. In the end, the expression of ABC A1 gene was determined by Real-Time PCR in leukocytes and serum lipids were measured by photometric method.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code B/29/5/1/1799 has been approved by committee for ethics in biomedical research at Kashan university of medical sciensec on July 31, 2016.
Findings: The hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss and atorvastatin significantly increased ABC A1 gene expression in three experimental groups {(1.14 ± 0.09) ,(1.18 ± 0.03),(1.11 ± 0.03) respectively} realated to control group(1.00 ± 0.011) (p<0.05) and sham group(0.89 ± 0.03) (p<0.05). Quercetin also was more effective than atorvastatin in increasing of ABC A1 gene expression (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss have increased effect on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats.
Ramin Fallahzadeh, Kasra Esfahani, Abbas Akhavan Sepahi, Nasrin Kamali, Bijan Bambai,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim The flavin reductase DszD enzyme is a key enzyme for providing required reduction potential in the bacterial desulfurization process. Considering the low speed of desulfurization process because of low catalytic power of this enzyme, it is necessary to increase the catalytic power of flavin reductase for industrial use of this enzyme as biocatalyst.
Methods & Materials The three-dimensional structure of the flavin reductase DszD enzyme was predicted by a CPHmodel server and its amino acid sequence was searched in the protein data bank to identify the homologue molecules. Based on the alignment of the amino acid sequence and the model molecules, the key residues at the flavin mononucleotide substrate were identified. The key residue of asparagine at position 77 was replaced with phenylalanine using the site-directed mutagenesis method.
Ethical Considerations This study with research ethics code IR.NIGEB.EC.1398.6.24 A has been approved by research ethics committee at National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
Results The cloning and expression of each of the wild-type and mutant genes were performed separately. The catalytic power of the produced wild-type and mutant enzymes were compared. The catalytic activity measurements showed that the mutant enzyme had a 2.5 fold increase in catalytic power.
Conclusion Replacing phenylalanine with asparagine at position 77 of flavin reductase DszD enzyme leads to an increase in enzyme catalytic power to increase the speed of bacterial desulfurization process.
Mahdieh Mondanizadeh, Niloofar Moradi, Razieh Amini, Behzad Khansarinejad, Ghasem Mosayebi,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most commonly occurring leukemia in adults, accounting for about 30-25% of total leukemia. One of the important etiological causes of this leukemia is the disruption of the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway. The two proteins of Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) and B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF) play a role in the pathogenesis of this leukemia by affecting the NF-kB signaling pathway. In this study, due to the effect of miRNAs in regulating many cellular processes, the prediction of the prominent miRNAs targeting APRIL and BAFF transcripts in B-cell CLL patients was evaluated using specific and different bioinformatics programs.
Methods & Materials Afterwards retrieving the sequences of APRIL and BAFF proteins from the NCBI website, by using several programs including miRanda, TargetScan, miRWalk, DIANA and miRDB with different algorithms, the prediction of miRNAs targeting these genes was investigated.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Results Based on the scoring system of bioinformatics programs, “hsa-miR-145-5p” and “hsa-miR-185-5p” were identified as miRNAs targeting APRIL gene, while “hsa-miR-424” and “hsa-miR-497”were miRNAs targeting BAFF gene. They were suggested for the practical studies in future.
Conclusion Based on the important role of APRIL and BAFF genes in the normal process of cell death and B-cell evolution, it seems that the mi-RNAs predicted by bioinformatics programs using different algorithms can be used as a diagnostic molecular biomarker to identify B-cell CLL patients.
Zohreh Dehghani, Reza Tajik, Ramin Zare,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (April & May 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: High occupational stress reduces the workers’ concentrations and decision-making power. In industries with high risks in term of exposure to hazards, there may be negative consequence. This study aimed to investigate relationship between Occupational Stress (OS) and the job-related risks in the steel industry.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive-analytical study with cross-sectional design carried out in a steel industry located in Lorestan province of Iran in 2017. For risk and OS assessments, the Melbourne University’s 3D risk assessment model and the United Kingdom's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) questionnaire were used. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests in SPSS V. 22.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the Code: IR.NREC.007.1394.05.
Results: A total of 182 job-related risks were identified for 14 job titles. 19.3% of subjects had high OS level. The risk rank had a statistically significant correlation with overall OS score (P=0.03), and OS dimensions of control (P=0.02) and demand (P=0.02). There was no significant difference between the mean OS score and age, work experience, educational level.
Conclusion: Due to the relationship of risk amount and OS among workers in the steel industry, Planning to control stressors in the workplace and managing occupational risks by reducing the likelihood and consequence of job-related risks seems essential.
Ramin Parvizrad, Sara Khalili Dermani, Azam Ahmadi,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (August & September 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is common pathogens of nosocomial infections. Nasal swabs in hospital staff is main sources of hospital infections are considered. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of nasopharyngeal carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and microbial contamination of health care workers' cell phones in Emergency department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Arak City.
Methods & Materials: In this descriptive study, nose swabs and cell phone levels were taken from 70 health care workers in the emergency ward of Vali-e-Asr Hospital. The Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods (catalase, coagulase, mannitol fermentation and DNase). The susceptibility to oxacillin and cefoxitin was detected by the disk diffusion and the mecA genes in this clinically isolated strain of staphylococci was investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences. (Code : IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.282).
Results: According the results, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 16 cases, which 5 cases were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), and 11 cases were Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Also, 3 cell phones were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, which 1 case was MRSA and 2 cases were MSSA.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that frequency of MSSA strains is significant in emergency personnel of the hospital. Thus, regarding to the risk of epidemics due to nosocomial infections, periodic testing for the identification and treatment of carriers among employees for controlling and preventing hospital infections seems necessary.
Hamzeh Ekran, Amin Ghanbarnejad, Masomeh Afsa,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (February & March 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Recognizing the position of the Mental Foramen (MF) is essential in numerous cases, such as anesthesia injection and periapical surgeries in the anterior region of the mandible. Furthermore, the diversity in the location and position of MF can develop problems during surgery in this region.
Methods & Materials: The present study examined anatomical landmarks based on panoramic radiographic images obtained in Bandar Abbas City, Iran. In total, 450 panoramic radiographic images of men and women were assessed. All explored images were converted to JPEG format and entered in real size in Auto CAD software (2014). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Student’s t-test, and Chi-squared test.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.HUMS.REC.1394.189).
Results: The obtained data revealed that the mean distance from the MF to the lower edge of the mandible on the right and left was 10.53 mm and 10.51 mm, respectively. The mean distance from the MF to the posterior side of the mandible equaled 49.36 mm on the right and 48.72 mm on the left. Moreover, the mean distance of MF to the midline of the lower jaw on the right and left was calculated as 27.16 and 26.27 mm, respectively. Furthermore, in most cases, the anterior-posterior position of MF was symmetrical concerning anatomical landmarks. The anterior-posterior distance of MF to mandibular midline was significantly different between the explored males and females (P<0.001). There was no significant gender-wise difference in the shape of the MF (P=0.89).
Conclusion: The present research results signified that the most frequent anterior-posterior position of the MF is between the apex of the first and second premolars. Furthermore, the most prevalent shape of MF is oval per panoramic images.
Anis Moradi, Pouya Ramin,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (December & January 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The research results show tobacco use increases cardiovascular and lung disorders or the probability of periodontitis in humans, while no definitive relations were yet confirmed. This study evaluates the relationship between periodontitis and tobacco use by panoramic radiography in Bandar Abbas City.
Methods & Materials: A total of 198 panoramic radiographs were classified into periapical healthy (n=99) and patient (n=99) groups. Radiologists assessed radiographs for periodontitis via Total Teeth Numbers (TTN), the quality and length of Root Filling Treatment (RFT), the number (NoRFT), and inadequate root filling treatment (RFTin), age, gender, the cigarette and hookah use, and dental debris. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square, t-test, and logistic regression.
Ethical Considerations: Due to the lack of therapeutic intervention and the preservation of patients’ characteristics, ethical considerations are not included in this study (Code: IR.HUMS.REC.1399.384)
Results: Tobacco, hookah use, TTN, and RFTin were different (P<0.01) in groups, but cigarette smoking, debris, RFT, NoRFT, and age were not. Women in the periodontitis group showed high (P<0.01) in tobacco, hookah use, and RFTin, while no gender differences were observed in other parameters. The logistic regression results showed that based on the Odd Ratio NoRFT (39.7), RFTin (36.8), `hookah (8.1), tobacco (6.57), debris (3.62), smoking (3.59), RFT (1.4) and TTN (0.89) were the highest (P<0.01). At the same time, age and gender did not affect periapical tissues.
Conclusion: Hokka, tobacco, and cigarette use negatively affected the periapical tissues, respectively. The decrease in TTN and increase in debris and RFT were probably the effects of tobacco smoking on the periapical tissues. Age and gender were not related to the periapical lesions.
Nasin Asadi, Amineh Ahmadi, Asadollah Abbasi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (April & May- 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim The occupational environment, the type of work overload or underload, physical risks, how individuals adapt to the workplace, and face the family - work constitute the sources of stress or occupational distress. Job stress emerges as the duties and tasks assigned to people are more than their abilities. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress management training and work ethics of employees.
Methods & Materials This research was an applied study in terms of purpose, a mixed exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) study in terms of data, a content analysis (qualitative stage) and cross-sectional survey (quantitative stage) in term of conduct. The study population in the qualitative section comprised experts (Experts in Psychology, Educational Management, and Social Medicine) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the qualitative section, the study population included experts and managers who had received stress management training. Sample size and sampling method in qualitative part was based on the principle of theoretical saturation, resulting in 12 people using purposive sampling method. In the quantitative part, the sampling was based on the Cochran’s formula, resulting in 220 people who were selected using cluster sampling method.
Ethical Considerations This barcode research was presented to the Ethics Committee and registered in the system (IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1400.121).
Results The results showed that to deal with stressful situations, three basic strategies of event-focused coping, anxiety-focused coping, and avoidance-focused coping strategies can be used for stress management training models. Overall, the components presented for coping with stressful conditions have the necessary and appropriate validities. All three main coping strategies (event-focused, anxiety-focused, and refusal-focused) are suitable for explaining and fitting. So, they all are reliable and confirmed in the current research questionnaire of coping with stress.
Conclusion Strategies for coping with stressful situations have a different effect on people’s professional work ethics so that the event-focused coping strategy has a significant positive relationship with professional ethics. On the other hand, the anxiety-focused and avoidance-focused coping strategies have negative and decreasing relationship with professional ethics. The more emphasis on the event-focused coping strategy, the more would be the professional ethics of individuals and the more emphasis on the anxiety-focused and avoidance-focused coping strategies, the less would be the professional ethics of individuals..
Mir Saeed Attarchi, Fatemeh Nejatifar, Hamid Mohammadi Kojidi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan, Niloofar Faraji, Maryam Joshan, Fatemeh Rahattalab, Roholah Amini,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (June & July 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim The high use of pesticides has increased the concern about its possible harm to individual and environment health. Chronic exposure to pesticides has serious effects on different body organs even before the onset of clinical symptoms. In this study, we aim to evaluate clinical and biochemical characteristics of male workers in a pesticide production factory in Guilan province, Iran.
Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was conducted on 99 male workers exposed to pesticide and 107 people without exposure who were employed in a pesticide production factory in Guilan and selected using a convenience sampling method in 2020. Their demographical data as well as clinical characteristics such as respiratory symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, etc.), neurological symptoms (fatigue, tremors, cramps, muscle weakness, etc.), psychological symptoms (sleep disorders, anxiety, etc.) and skin symptoms (redness, itching, etc.) were collected from the occupational health records of the workers. Finally, the biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran (Code: IR.GUMS.REC.1399.632). Informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study.
Results The frequency of symptoms such as headache, itchy skin, cough, and sleep disorders was higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Based on the biochemical findings, blood urea level, creatinine level, alkaline phosphatase, and fasting blood sugar level were significantly higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Thrombocytosis was observed in 9.09% of exposed workers, which was higher in those with more than 11 years of work experience.
Conclusion Chronic exposure to pesticide can cause thrombosis, changes in biochemical parameters, and clinical symptoms. It is recommended that biological monitoring should be conducted in exposed workers at a shorter interval.
Behrooz Ghanbari, Mojtaba Hedayat Taghavi, Behamin Astani, Mahmoud Bakhtiari, Mohsen Yadegari, Yazdan Shafikhani,
Volume 26, Issue 0 (8-2023)
Abstract
Abstract:
Background
CAP ( community acquired pneumonia ) is one of the most common infectious diseases that leads to hospitalization of patients. Also, the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the functioning of the immune system and its association with infectious diseases such as CAP have received much attention in recent years. Therefore, we decided to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the incidence and severity of CAP pneumonia in this study.
Methods
In this case-control study, 75 patients with CAP and 75 healthy individuals were evaluated and serum levels of vitamin D in these two groups were measured and compared.
Results
The present study shows that for each unit increase in serum vitamin D level, the need for hospitalization in the ICU according to the IDSA criterion is reduced by seven percent and according to the CURB65 criterion, the need for hospitalization in the ward and ICU is reduced by fifteen percent. Vitamin D deficiency also increases the chance of developing community-acquired pneumonia by 3.08 times. And for every unit increase in vitamin D, the chance of developing community-acquired pneumonia decreases by 4 percent. And in people with vitamin D deficiency, the chance of being admitted to the ICU according to IDSA is 2.05 times and according to CURB65 is 2.84 times.
Conclusions
Overall, based on the results of this study, it is concluded that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence as well as a greater severity of community acquired pneumonia.
Mohammad Amin Abdolahpur, Fateh Rahmani, Omid Isanejad,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (October & November 2023)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: stress is an important criterion affecting personality on a general and minor level.
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the mediating role of stress in two diagnostic criteria of personality disorder, personality functioning (criterion A) and pathological personality traits (criterion B).
Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was students studying at the University of Kurdistan in the academic year 2020-2021. By the available sampling method, 313 (50.08% of women) completed online PID-5, LPFS and PSS-14 questionnaires. Data were analyzed by structural equation modelling and using AMOS software version 24 and SPSS.
Results: The result of the direct path shows the mediating role of stress on personality detachment (0.85) and antagonism (0.88) traits. However, psychoticism, negative affectivity and disinhibition traits do not play a mediating role. In general, there was a positive relationship between stress and personality functioning (0.45) and personality traits (0.27).
Conclusion: The undeniable impact of stress on both personality functioning and personality traits is apparent. Broadly speaking, stress influences the alternative model of personality disorders, encompassing criteria A and B.
Keywords: Stress, Personality traits, Level of personality functioning, AMPD, ICD-11
