Showing 39 results for Extract
Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam, Asghar Kianmehr,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating psychiatric disorder affecting 1% of the population worldwide. As for key role of free radicals in the development of this disease and that Quince leaf is a natural source of antioxidant substances, this study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Quince leaf extract on locomotor activity and anxiety-like behaviors by an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine in male mice in a ketamine model of schizophrenia.
Materials and Methods: In the experimental research, male adult mice were divided into six groups including: control, Sham (received water orally and saline intraperitoneally), psychosis group (received 10 mg/kg/day ketamine i.p. for 10 days) and treated psychosis groups (received 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg/day). Treated groups received hydroalcoholic Quince leaf extract orally for 3 weeks before injection of ketamine. Extract gavages continue for 5 days after the last ketamine injection. Locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavioral changes were measured in the open-field test.
Results: The results showed that chronic administration of ketamine increases horizontal locomotor activity and anxiety like behaviors (p≤0.001) and pretreatment of Quince leaf extract effectively decreases horizontal locomotor activity (p<0.001) and increases duration that spends in middle area of Open field (p<0.01) and vertical ocomotor activity(p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that chronic administration of Quince leaf extract improves locomotor disorder and induced anxiety-like behaviors by having antioxidant properties in a ketamine model of schizophrenia.
Fateme Niazi , Maryam Tehranipour, Khadije Shahrokhabadi,
Volume 19, Issue 7 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is an important biological processes of new blood vessels in many pathological stages of development and embryo development occurs and a complex and dynamic phenomenon that is needed for development and other physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcoholic Ocimum basilicum leaf extract on angiogenesis chick chorioallantoic membrane is done.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 40 Ross fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham-exposed and experimental groups were divided. The second day of incubation the eggs window was opened. Eighth day of the alcoholic extract of basil doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg on chick chorioallantoic membrane was injected. On day 12, embryos length and weight and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was photographed by photostereomicroscope Then the numbers and lengths of vessels in special area on CAM were measured with Image J. analyzed through by t-test and ANOVA (P<0.05).
Results: The data does not show significant difference between embryos length and weight in sham compare to all experimental groups. In the study vessels number just with 150 mg/kg observed significant.
Conclusion: Alcoholic extract of basil is an increase in the number of vessels and in this sense the healing and growth processes associated with them as well as effective.
Nasrin Kzemipour, Seyed Mehdi Shariatzadeh, Saeed Nazifi,
Volume 19, Issue 9 (12-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Silver nanoparticles are capable of inducing toxicity in living organisms. Silver nanoparticles can induce some effect in the liver. Thus silver nanoparticles, due to their wide spread effects, can also affect on hepatic, hematological, and oxidative stress factors. Ginger because of its powerful antioxidantal compounds can influence the toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles in different parts of the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroalchoholic extract of ginger on cytotoxic silver nanoparticles on enzymes, hematological parameters, blood oxidative stress markers, and hepatic apoptosis in Balb-c mice.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 48 rats of Balb-c race Syrians were selected and devided into 4 groups, each consisting of 12. They were treated for a period of 35 days; the first group (control) received distilled water, the second group received nano silver, the third group received ginger extract, and the fourth group received both nanosilver and ginger extract at the same time. Bleeding was done to measure hematological factors, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress; then liver tissue was removed for evaluation of apoptosis. Data were compared using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA.
Results: Enzymes AST , ALT , ALP, GGT and LDH as liver factors showed significant differences in the groups of the study. Hematological factors including of WBC , RBC , Hb , HCT , MCV, MCH , Plt , Lymphocyte and Monocyte showed significant differences in all the groups.
Of oxidative stress factors , only GPX showed significant difference between groups, while no significant difference was observed in other oxidative stress parameters in the blood. Changes in apoptosis showed significant differences in all groups of the study.
Conclusion: Based on the findings the study ,silver nanoparticles with their side effects in different parts of the body can induce changes in various factors and enzymes. Ginger can compensate ,and modify to some extent these side effects. Such effectiveness of ginger can probably be due to its special ingredients.
Feryal Savary, Ahmad Ali Moazedi, Mohammad Kazem Gharib-Naseri, Mohammad Reza Zadkarami,
Volume 19, Issue 10 (1-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Parsley is one of the medicinal herbs used for gastrointestinal disorders. However, spasmolytic activity of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) extract has been reported, there is a lack of information to support the mechanism of this antispasmodic activity. Taking this into account, the purpose of the present work was to investigate the role of GABAA receptor on antispasmodic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of parsley seed in isolated rat ileum.
Materials and Methods: In this study, terminal portion of ileum (2 cm) was dissected out and mounted in an organ bath containing air bubbled Tyrode solution (37οC, pH=7.4). Under 1gr resting tension, ileal contraction was induced by KCl (60 mM) and recorded isotonically. The effects of non-cumulative (0.1-0.5 mg/ml) concentrations of extract on KCl-induced contractions were examined. After evaluating the effect of agonist and antagonist GABAA receptor, the effect of parsley extract was assessed in the presence of muscimol (25 µM) and bicuculline (10 µM) as agonist and antagonist of GABAA, respectively.
Results: Parsley seed extract reduced the KCl-induced ileal contraction in a concentration-dependent manner (n=7, p<0.001). Both muscimol and bicuculline exerted relaxant effect on ileal contraction (n=7, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). Surprisingly, agonist and antagonist of GABAA both potentiated the spasmolytic effect of extract (0.2 mg/ml). Altogether, spasmolytic effect of extract was not attenuated in the presence of GABAA antagonist.
Conclusion: It seems that GABAA receptor is not involved in the antispasmodic effect of parsley seeds extract in rat ileum.
Masoud Soheili, Mohammad Ali Khandan, Mahmoud Salami,
Volume 19, Issue 12 (3-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Stress oxidative factors are known to causes diseases resulting from metabolic disorders. Therefore, preventing, or at least decreasing the amount of these factors may have a positive impact on prevention or improvement of the metabolic problems. Recently, the herbal medicines are more considered due to more effectiveness. We designed the present study to evaluate anti-oxidant effect of aqueous extract of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia).
Materials and Methods: For extract preparation, the dry aerial part of lavender mixed with boiling water for 4 hours and then the container was filtered and condensed in a bain marie. Finally, the extract was powdered by freeze dryer. The anti-oxidant activities of the herbal medicine samples in 5, 10, 20 and 40 ppm concentrations were determined via DPPH method. This method is based on free radical scavenging of 2, 2- dipheny L-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) reflected in the color and absorbance changes in spectrophotometery method in 520 nm. Finally the IC50 was calculated and compared with that of for vitamin C as a standard.
Results: All doses of the aqueous extract of the lavender showed dose- dependent potent anti-oxidant activity, So that, their differences were significant compared to control sample. The IC50 of the herbal medicine was 24.66 ppm that was less than the vitamin C of 2.3 ppm.
Conclusion: As a potent anti-oxidant, the lavender aqueous extract can be effective in treatment of metabolic diseases.
Ali Khajehlandi, Hossein Abed Natanzi, Hojatallah Nikbakht,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (6-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The adipocytokine visfatin is secreted by the adipose tissue and is associated with plasma glucose level and can affect diabetes. Furthermore, aloe vera is used in traditional medicine as an anti-diabetic drug. The current study aimed to determine the effects of swimming along with taking aloe vera extract on visfatin serum level, glucose level, and the ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoproteins in diabetic male rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 diabetic male rats were chosen and placed in four groups of 1) control, 2) swimming, 3) aloe vera extract and 4) swimming along with aloe vera. The swimming program began with 6 minutes in the first week and increased to 36 minutes in the sixth week. Groups 3 and 4 received 300 mg/kg of aloe vera extract per day. Control group didn’t performe any regular exercise and also didn’t receive any extract. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test.
Results: In all the three groups (swimming group, extract group and swimming along with extract group), there was a significant reduction in blood glucose, ratio of triglycerides to high density lipoproteins and the visfatin level compared to the control group (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: Results indicated that swimming together with aloe vera extract reduce the ratio of triglycerides to high density lipoproteins and glucose and increase visfatin receptors' sensitivity, and thus reduce visfatin serum levels in diabetic male rats.
Mohammad Matini, Samira Bakhtiarnejad, Dara Dastan, Amir Hossein Maghsood, Mohammad Fallah,
Volume 20, Issue 6 (9-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Trichomoniasis is one of the most common non viral sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Plantago lanceolata extracts on Trichomonas vaginalis.
Materials and Methods: In this study, after collection and drying of P. lanceolata, n-hexanic, ethyl acetate, methanol and hydroalcoholic extracts, they were prepared by maceration. Five clinical T. vaginalis isoleates subjected to extract suscebtibility testing, in comparison of metronidazole. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) tests were carried out in duplicate and repeated two times for each T. vaginalis isolate.
Results: The results showed that the extracts of P. lanceolata had potent antitrichomonal activity. The most antitrichomonal activity was related to ethyl acetate extract with the least MIC of 500 µg/ml and mean of 1525 µg/ml, after 48 hrs incubation. And also, the lowest antitrichomonal activity was related to hydroalcoholic and methanolic extract with the least and mean MIC of 2000 µg/ml. The results of MLC and MIC tests were identical and this finding confirmed the trichomonacidal activity of the extracts. The drug suscebtibility testing showed that the T. vaginalis isoleates were susceptibale to metronidazole ranging from 3.1 to 6.2 µg/ml with a mean and standard deviation of 4.2 ± 1.5 µg/ml.
Conclusion: This study showed that the extracts of P. lanceolata hav e a considerable activity on T. vaginalis parasite. Hence, further studies are needed to clear more details of antimicrobial properties of P. lanceolata compounds.
Tooran Nayeri Chegeni, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar, Fariba Khoshzaban, Abdolhosein Dalimi Asl,
Volume 20, Issue 12 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic protozoan pathogen that is known to infect the cornea to produce eye keratitis and the central nervous system to produce lethal granulomatous encephalitis. The overall aim of the present study was to determine the anti-amoebic potential of natural compound Peganum harmala against the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba in vitro.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a clinical isolate of Acanthamoeba was cultured and genotyped. The ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala was prepared. The trophozoites and cysts were collected by washing in page's saline. Various concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/ml) of the ethanolic extract and polyhexanide 0.02% drop as positive control were tested at three different times (24, 48 and 72 h) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba in vitro. The viability of trophozoites or cysts was tested by eozin method, MTT, and flowcytometry analysis.
Results: The results revealed that alcoholic extract had remarkable inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Acanthamoeba cysts as compared to non-treated control, and the inhibition was time and dose dependent. In the presence of 10 mg/ml ethanolic extract in medium culture after 72 h, no viable trophozoites were determined and 21.10% cysts of Acanthamoeba were viable. Percentage of trophozoites and cysts viability after adding polyhexanide 0.02% drop in medium culture after 72 hours was 0% and 23.71%, respectively.
Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of Peganum harmala could be considered a new natural compound against the Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. Further works are required to evaluate the exact effect of this extract on Acanthamoeba agents in animal models.
Maryam Sadrnia,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Aflatoxins are natural fungal toxins produced by Aspergillus species such as A. flavus. The toxins are poisoning and can cause tissue necrosis and liver cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the control of Aflatoxin B1 production by extracts and essential oils.
Materials and Methods: Aqueous extracts were prepared by heating and essential oil by Clevenger's apparatus. Antifungal activity of essential oil and aqueous extract of Mentha pulegium and Satureja hortensis were determined by disc diffusion and microplate dilution methods. Production control of Aflatoxin B1 was investigated with concentrations under MIC(Minimum inhibitory growth concentration) of two materials and were determined by HPLC method.
Results: The most zone of inhibition was 10% belonging to Satureja essential oil and its aqueous extracts with diameters of 26mm and 12mm, respectively. These values for Mentha extract and 10% essential oil were 18mm and 8mm respectively. MIC of the aqueous extract of Satureja and Mentha were 0.031 and 0.063mg/ml respectively, and 1% essential oil of two materials was 0.039 and 0.078 mg/ml, respectively. Aflatoxin B1 produced by A. flavus in concentrations of 1%, 2% and 10% Satureja essential oil were 122, 113 and 134 ppb, in 1%, 2% and 10% Mentha were 163, 168 and 171 ppb, respectively. The aqueous extracts of 1% Satureja reduced the production of toxin as 58.1 and the 1% aqueous extract of Mentha as 39.6.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that both Satureja hortensis and Mentha pulegium have the ability to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus fungus, as well as control of aflatoxin B1 production in low concentrations and recommended for further studies.
Amir Khosravi, Fatemeh Omid Ali,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (5-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The exhaustive and strenuous exercise may cause damaging effects to the heart. The present study aims to investigate the effect of Saffron stigmas aqueous extracts on serum cardiac troponin T and Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme of male rats following an exhaustive exercise.
Materials and Methods: 64 Wistar male rats were assigned into following four groups (n=16) :1) without exercise +distilled water 2 ml, 2) without exercise+ aqueous saffron extract, 50 mg/kg+ distilled water 2 ml, 3) distilled water 2 ml + 8 weeks exercise, and 4) aqueous saffron extract, 50 mg/kg +distilled water 2 ml + 8 weeks exercise.At the end of experiment, half of the rats were killed immediately before exhaustive exercise; on the other hand remaining rats were killed immediately after performing an acute bout of exhaustive exercise on the treadmill. Serum cardiac troponin T and CK-MB isoenzyme levels were measured by ELISA and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. Data were analyzed by one–way ANOVA.
Results: The results show that in all groups, cardiac troponin T and CK-MB isoenzyme serum levels were significantly increased following an exhaustive exercise. The lowest increase was observed in group 4 and the highest increase was observed in group 1 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of saffron extract with aerobic training is more effective than aerobic exercise or saffron extract alone in modifying the increase of serum troponin T and CK-MB isoenzyme level following an exhausting exercise.
Maryam Sadrnia, Ghasem Habibi, Mohammad Arjomandzadegan,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In this study, the effect of Myrtus extracts on 25 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli ESBL strains isolated from patients were compared by two methods.
Materials and Methods: 15 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 10 Escherichia coli ESBL isolates were used in this study. Fresh Leaves of Myrtus were collected from the herbal medicine farm. Extraction was performed using a reflux distillation. The effect of concentrations 0.195-100 micrograms per ml of Myrtus extract on clinical isolates was analyzed in disk diffusion method compared with micro broth dilution method and with MTT in 545 nm on an ELISA reader apparatus.
Findings: Inhibition zone diameter for the minimum effective concentration of 50 micrograms per milliliter in all isolates of ESBL and MRSA were as 8±1 mm and 11±1. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was 6.25mic/ml and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined 12.5mic/ml for E. coli ESBL. Furthermore, the amounts for MIC and MBC was determined as 12.5 and 25 mic/ml, respectively for Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed compliance of two methods in evaluation of drug-resistant clinical isolates. It was proved that the disk diffusion method could be determining range of effective concentration but micro broth method determines the effective concentration carefully. It is recommended that results obtained from disk diffusion not to be basis for final decisions in traditional medicine studies. Bacterial behavior in the broth and determination of the point of death greatly increases the accuracy of the results.
Roshanak Haji Mohammad Ali, Masoud Parsania, Gholamreza Amin,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) may lead to oral herpes, encephalitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Today, following the increasing of HSV-1 prevalence and drug resistance, there has been an interest in the use of natural substance. In this study, we assessed the effect of hexane and methanol extracts of Chelidonium majus L. against acyclovir-resistant HSV-1.
Materials and Methods: The toxicity threshold of Chelidonium majus L. hexane and methanol extracts on HeLa cell was determined with trypan blue and MTT methods. Their direct antiviral effects were evaluated against HSV-1. Different concentrations of extracts in different times of virus replication have been evaluated. In each stage, the viral titers were tested by TCID50 assay.
Findings: The methanol extract at the concentration of 200 µg/ml and hexane extract at the concentration of 600 µg/ml were determined as effective minimal cytotoxic concentration on HeLa cell line. These concentrations did not have significant virucidal effects on Herpes simplex virus. The maximum antiviral effects of methanol extract at the concentration of 200 µg/ml was exhibited 1 and 2 hours after virus adsorption and reduced virus titer 4 logTCID50 compared to the control. Hexane extract did not have antiviral effect.
Conclusion: methanol extract of chelidonium majus L. compared to hexane extract showed significant antiviral effect on acyclovir-resistant HSV-1. Further research is required to identify specific bioactive compounds of this plant in order to be used in anti-herpes drugs. |
Farzaneh Rooshenas, Mahboobeh Ashrafi, Saeed Nazifi, Mahmoud Aminlari, Sara Talebanzadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medicinal plants possessing antioxidant activity may reduce oxidative stress and improve the functions of various organs that affected by hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) administration to diabetic rats by measuring the oxidative stress parameters and important biochemical enzymes in liver tissue.
Materials and Methods: 72 hours after STZ administration (60 mg/kg body weight), the animals with fasting blood glucose over of 250 mg/dl were considered to be diabetic rats and experimental groups were: control (1), control drug (2), diabetes (3) and diabetes drug (4). The treatment was started on the 7th day after STZ injection with i.p injection of SAE (200mg/kg body weight), five doses and weekly to groups 2 and 4. At the end of the experimental period, biochemical factors were measured after bleeding and harvesting of tissues.
Findings: Results indicated the perturbation in the activity of important liver enzymes in diabetic group (3) and SAE adjusted and normalized their levels activity. In addition, SAE with increases in the activity of antioxidant enzymes alleviated diabetes induced oxidative stress and thus reduced MDA levels in group 4 compared to group 3.
Conclusion: SAE is not only useful in the controlling of blood glucose, but also has antioxidant potential to protect the liver tissue of diabetic rats against damage caused by hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.
Ali Parvin, Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Mahdi Noureddini, Sayyed Ali Haeri Roohani, Saeed Aminzadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hypercholesterolemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis that the use of medicinal plants with minimal side effects is very important in the treatment of it. In this study, comparative evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss with atorvastatin on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats was carried out.
Materials and Methods: Forty male wistar rats with about 180gr weight randomly individed into five groups of eight: 3 experimental groups, 1 sham group and 1 control group. The experimental and sham groups received a high-fat diet with 2% cholesterol (through gavage) for 40 days. The experimental groups were treated (were fed) separately with 40 mg/kg/day atorvastatin, 25 mg/kg/day quercetin and 25 mg/kg/day hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss for 28 days. Sham group received daily 1 mg/kg saline water during this period. In the end, the expression of ABC A1 gene was determined by Real-Time PCR in leukocytes and serum lipids were measured by photometric method.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code B/29/5/1/1799 has been approved by committee for ethics in biomedical research at Kashan university of medical sciensec on July 31, 2016.
Findings: The hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss and atorvastatin significantly increased ABC A1 gene expression in three experimental groups {(1.14 ± 0.09) ,(1.18 ± 0.03),(1.11 ± 0.03) respectively} realated to control group(1.00 ± 0.011) (p<0.05) and sham group(0.89 ± 0.03) (p<0.05). Quercetin also was more effective than atorvastatin in increasing of ABC A1 gene expression (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss have increased effect on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats.
Mahsa Kavousi, Ehsan Rahimi, Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lung cancer is one of the most contagious cancers in all of the world. Recently, several potential oncogenes and carcinogens have been identified, including EGFR, BRAF, KRAS and ALK genes. With due attention to the high prevalence of lung cancer, its death rate, the complications of chemotherapy and the efforts to find effective and less effective drugs, this study was done to investigate the effect of a plant extract so that results are available to manufacturing centers.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of Eucalyptus extract and cisplatin on the expression of KRAS gene in A549 lung cancer cell line was investigated. To determine the cell survival, MTT was used and IC50 was determined. After determining IC50, the cells were exposed to less than IC50 concentrations of the extract and drug for 48 hours. Then, the amount of β-ACTIN and KRAS genes expressions in control and extract treated and drug treated groups were determined. For this purpose, a specific primers were designed for β- ACTIN and KRAS, and Real-Time PCR was be done.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.IAU.East Tehran.REC.1396.3 has been approved by research ethics committee at Islamic Azad University, Tehran- East Branch, Iran.
Findings: The results showed that the amount of IC50 of the extract and drug was 8.75 and 1.77 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, the expression of genes in control and treated cells with extract and drug was compared. The expression of the KRAS gene relative to the reference gene in the cancer cell line treated with extract and drug, for 48 hours, was significantly decreased 2.89 and 9.25, respectively (p = 0).
Conclusion: Regarding the reduction of the relative gene expression in the A549 treated group, future studies on targeted lung cancer treatment can be promising and the potential for the use of plant compounds is more evident.
Mina Mirnezami, Bahman Sadeghi, Sajid Ghadbighi, Farid Sahabi, Mojtaba Ahmadloo,
Volume 22, Issue 5 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim Male Androgenic Alopecia (MAA) is one of the most common causes of hair loss in men. Minoxidil solution is one of the most commonly used medications for MAA treatment; however, it has several cutaneous side effects including itching, scaling and erythema, which cause the discontinuation of its consumption.
Methods & Materials In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 51 males with MAA were treated with 5% minoxidil solution and 7% chamomile extract. At the same time, 49 patients as controls were matched with this group and treated with 5% minoxidil solution alone. Both groups were treated and followed up for 6 months.
Ethical Considerations This study has received its ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.456) and is a registered clinical trial (Code: 2017042420258N41).
Results In both groups, the severity of itching and scaling gradually decreased. in the control group, erythema increased, while in the chamomile group, erythema also decreased. All three side effects of itching, scaling and erythema were lower in the group treated with chamomile extract and minoxidil solution than in the group used minoxidil solution alone.
Conclusion It seems that simultaneous administration of 7% chamomile extract and 5% minoxidil solution leads to a reduction in the severity and duration of cutaneous side effects caused by minoxidil solution use in treatment of MAA. It can increase the patient's compliance to the treatment and eventually the chance of MAA treatment.
Fatemeh Shahrestan, Parvaneh Jafari, Aram Gharebaghi, Iman Khani Farahani, Esmaeil Shahrestan,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death, and its prevalence is increasing annually because of the change in lifestyle. Increased blood glucose level and dyslipidemia are the major symptoms of this metabolic disease. Currently, the main and effective treatment for diabetes is the use of medication such as insulin. Its control by using herbal products has received a lot of attention in the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of bioflora (a probiotic supplement) and aqueous extract of cinnamon in improvement of blood glucose level, dyslipidemia, and reduction of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic rats.
Methods & Materials: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were prepared and randomly divided into five groups of negative control, positive control, probiotic (treated with bioflora 3.2×108 CFUs/day for 30 days), cinnamon (treated with 200 mg/kg of cinnamon aqueous extract for 30 days), and probiotic + cinnamon. Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneally injection of streptozotocin. The rats’ weight, blood glucose level, lipid profile, high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and Atherogenic Index (AI) were measured at the end of experiment to predict the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Ethical Considerations: This study ethically approved in Research Centre of Islamic Azad University of Arak (Code: IR.IAU.ARAKREC1397.005). All interventions performed in accordance with the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals prepared by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources.
Results: Induction of diabetes caused severe weight lost in rats, but the weight loss was lower in groups treated with probiotic. The blood glucose level in probiotic + cinnamon group was significantly reduced. Bioflora reduced triglyceride, cholesterol, and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, while cinnamon extract significantly reduced triglyceride and LDL-C levels compared to the positive control group. AI and hs-CRP values were reduced in the probiotic group compared to control groups. There was no synergistic effect by combined use of bioflora and cinnamon extract.
Conclusion: Bioflora effectively prevented dyslipidemia by improving intestinal microbiota, lowering blood glucose level, and improving lipid profile and, therefore, reduced the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Naser Safdarian, Shadi Yousefian Dezfoulinejad,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is the abnormal cell growth in the breast. In both benign and malignant masses, there is rapid and high cell growth. Nowadays, due to the development of technologies, the diagnosis of diseases has become non-invasive and physicians attempts to diagnose the disease without surgery and based on internal organ images.
Methods & Materials: In this study, by using images prepared from the Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM), a new method is proposed for detecting cancerous masses in the mammographic images using geometric features extraction and optimization of Support Vector Machine (SVM) parameters to classify breast cancer masses automatically. First, images were pre-processed and then boundaries were determined using threshold method. Next, morphological operators were used to improve these boundaries and the segmentation of images was carried out to classify cancerous masses. Finally, by using the SVM parameter optimization method, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), and 4-fold crossvalidation method, data were classified into two groups of benign and malignant (cancer) masses.
Ethical Considerations Images from DDSM database were used in this research, all images are open access in this database.
Results: The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values for applying the Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel in SVM classifier (before optimization process) were obtained 97%, 100% and 96, respectively. After optimization of SVM parameters by the GOA, it was reported 100% for all accuracy, sensitivity and specificity indices for applying linear kernel function, indicating the high accuracy of the proposed method. The average values of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity indices for applying all three SVM kernel functions after optimization were 95.83, 100 and 94.81%, respectively.
Conclusion: The extracted geometrical features from breast cancer masses are highly efficient for model training and the diagnosis of breast cancer. The GOA could improve the overall accuracy of the proposed method by optimizing the SVM parameters. The results showed the higher performance of the proposed method compared to other methods.
Sahar Dehghani, Leila Rouhi, Noosha Ziya Jahromi, Reza Dehghani, Khalil Khashei Varnamkhasti,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Proliferate potential differentiate into different cell lineages and high self-renewal of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs); thus, they are ideal tools for regenerative medicine. However, a leading problem is an oxidative stress in the target tissue and the apoptosis of transplanted stem cells before tissue repair. The pretreatment of stem cells with antioxidants may make them resistant to oxidative stress. Ginger is the main medicinal plant with antioxidant properties. This study explored the antioxidant effects of ginger extract on bioavailability and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow examined.
Methods & Materials: In this study, human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow were cultured in a DMEM medium with 20% FBS. The explored cells were incubated for 4 and 6 hours for pretreatment with different concentrations of ginger extract (50, 100, 200, & 400 mg/mL); then, they were treated with 200 μM H2O2 for 2 hours. Bioavailability was analyzed by ELISA reader using an MTS kit and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI kit into the manufacturer’s protocol at both times. The obtained data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee of Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.SHK.REC.1397.028).
Results: The MTS results indicated a dose- and time-dependent manner increase in the bioavailability of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal treated stem cells. Ginger extract treatment also dose- and time-dependently decreased the rate of apoptosis in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
Conclusion: Ginger extract, by reducing the oxidative stress in mesenchymal stem cells, elevates their lifespan in the target tissue, and increases the efficiency of these cells in tissue regeneration.
Rouhollah Hemmati Bushehri, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Ghasem Mosayebi, Ali Ghazavi, Ali Ganji,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (1-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, plant-derived compound is widely used in medical treatment as complementary therapies. Rosemary is one of these plants that have anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects. However, low solubility and low bioavailability lead to limited use of this compound. To overcome this limitation, the use of liposomes is beneficial. So, this study aimed to prepare liposomes containing rosemary alcoholic extract to obtain the best formulation with best properties to use in the antitumor study.
Methods: Liposomes were prepared by Thin-Film-Hydration method in different ratios of rosemary extract, hydrogenated-soybean-phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), Cholesterol, and mPEG2000 (F1-F6). The characterization of nanoliposomes includes size, PDI (Poly dispersity index), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and release rate was measured.
Results: The results showed that the average particle size and zeta potential were 113.4 nm and -10.8 mV, respectively. Encapsulation efficiency showed a range of 60- 90%. The average release rate of the extract was about 60%. Also, the results showed that the F1 formulation was transparent, had appropriate properties, and did not precipitate. F2 formulation was not transparent. F3-F4 formulations were precipitated, and F5-F6 formulations did not achieve the appropriate size.
Conclusions: This study proved that F1 formulation in a ratio of 55:30:5 HSPC/chol/mPEG2000 is the best formulation for the preparation of nanoliposomes containing rosemary alcoholic extract to achieve the best properties for use in cancer studies.
