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Background and Aim: Considering the increasing use of dental implants in replacing lost teeth, the odds of failure over time in this treatment are inevitable, as with other dental treatments; thus, it requires careful and regular follow-up. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the awareness and attitude of general dentists about the follow-up of the dental implants to create baseline information to schedule future workshops concerning dental implants.
Methods & Materials: In this analytic cross-sectional study, 98 general dentists of Arak City, Iran were evaluated. Questionnaires were designed in 3 sections, as follows: demographic, awareness, and attitude. After checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, they were distributed among the research participants. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Chi-squared test, and Independent Samples t-tests. The significance level was considered 0.05.
Ethical Considerations: This article was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.283).
Results: The average score of awareness of the questionnaires was equal to 10.8 (based on the score of 0-19); the mean score of attitude was measured as 12.8 (based on the score of 7-21). Fifty-Three of the explored dentists had performed implant treatment, whose awareness and attitude toward implants follow-up were significantly higher than those of the dentists who did not perform such treatment (P=0.0001). Work experience presented no significant effect on the examined dentists’ awareness and attitude (P>0.05).
Conclusion: General dentists have low awareness and attitude about implant follow-up. Follow-up plays an important role in the long-term success of implant therapy; therefore, dental education/retraining programs should be reviewed in this field.

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Background and Aim: Needlestick injury (NSJ) is a common occupational health problem among dental healthcare workers, putting them at significant risk for blood-borne infections. This study aimed to investigate occupational exposure to NSJ and the psychological factors associated with it among dentistry students.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on students in the Arak school of dentistry training curriculum in the last three years in 2018. The questionnaires included questions about students’ awareness of NSJ conditions, the frequency of vaccinations, and antibody titration tests. The SCL-90 (Symptom checklist-90) questionnaire assessed psychological factors after NSJ in four dimensions of anxiety, phobia, self-morbidity, and depression. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods and a chi-square test.
Ethical Considerations: The study was approved by the Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.269).
Results: Of the eighty students surveyed, 59 students had experienced NSJ at least once. However, only 25.4% of students had reported the NSJ occurrence. The highest incidence rate of NSJ was reported in the endodontics section. In addition, 80% of students had received hepatitis B vaccinations. Based on the SCL-90 test, the anxiety dimension was more affected by NSJ than the other dimensions.
Conclusion: Despite the high prevalence of NSJ in dental students, the rate of reporting after the accident is very low. Also, due to the lack of attention to vaccination in some students, there is a need for more infection control training. Based on the SCL-90 test, the occurrence of NS is effective in causing psychological problems.

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Background and Aim: Older adults, particularly those living in nursing homes, are a vulnerable group whose poor nutritional status and inadequate nutrient intake provide the basis for the incidence of diseases and increase their health costs. The aim of the present study was to compare the Index for Nutritional Quality (INQ) between institutionalized (nursing-home) and non-institutionalized (community-living) older adults and to investigate its association with serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level in each group. 
Methods & Materials: In this case-control, age- and gender-matched study in Tabriz (East Azarbaijan, Iran), o subjects aged 65 years and older were recruited from nursing homes (n=76) and community (n=88). Anthropometric parameters were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A three-day record of the foods provided for the nursing home residents were weighed, using a digital scale. The whole food intake of older adults was converted to grams and dietary data were analyzed using Nutritionist IV software. Blood sample was drawn to measure serum hs-CRP level. SPSS software was used for data analysis.
Ethical Considerations: The present research was approved at Research Ethical Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Code: TBZMED.REC.1394.152).
Results: In the present study, INQ for all nutrients (except for vitamins A, D, E, biotin, vitamin B6, folic acid, and iron) was significantly different between the two groups (P‌<0.05). The INQ<1 for these nutrients (except for iron) in both groups indicates insufficient intake of these micronutrients. However, INQ for nearly all nutrients (other than selenium) was higher in the community-living older adults, compared to nursing-home residents (P<0.05). The intake of minerals including calcium, magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc, chromium, sodium, and potassium was also insufficient in both groups. Nursing-home residents did not meet their estimated needs for vitamins B2, B12, and copper. A significant reverse association was observed for serum hs-CRP level and INQ for vitamin D (P=0.04) and calcium (P=0.038) in the community-living older adults after adjusting for BMI. Such a correlation was also reported between INQ for vitamin B12 and serum hs-CRP level in both groups (P=0.02). 
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to pay more attention to the nutritional status of older adults, especially those living in nursing-homes. A diet rich in micronutrients, especially vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin B12 may help prevent the development of inflammation in old population.

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Background and Aim: The main objective of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) and quality of life (QoL) of HIV/AIDS patients. 
Methods & Materials: The current study was an experimental study based on a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, and based on the objectives, it can be considered an applied study. The statistical population of the study included all HIV patients monitored by behavioral disorders clinics of the Healthcare Organization Centers in Hamedan County in Iran in 2019-2020. Using simple random sampling method, 45 patients were randomly selected from Shohada Clinic in Hamedan as the sample of the study, followed by randomly assigning them to three 15-member groups, i.e., two intervention groups and a control group. In order to measure the research variables, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) (1987) and the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36, 2001) were utilized. The obtained data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS v. 12.
Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (Code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.1063). This study has been registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT20120215009014N348).
Results: The results of ANCOVA indicate that schema therapy and DBT affect HPL and quality of life, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P‌<‌0.001). 
Conclusion: The results show that while both therapy methods affect the selected variables, schema therapy is more effective than DBT on HPL and Quality of Life (QoL). 

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Background and Aim: Research has shown that social power affects information processing in many ways and can induce powerful movements or gestures. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pretending power gestures on changing the pain threshold of a group of female students.
Methods & Materials: The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all female students of Arak University in the academic year 2016-2017, from which 60 people selected by convenience sampling method, and randomly divided into three groups: high power posing (sitting on a chair and putting your feet on the table, placing your hands behind your head and holding your head up), low power posing (sitting on a chair with your legs together, arms between your legs and bending your head to bottom) and control. Rosenberg self-esteem scale and tourniquet technique with cuff pressure gauge (to measure pain threshold) used to collect data. After the pre-test measurements and two minutes of gestures, the post-test was performed immediately. Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1399.276).
Results: The results showed that pretending high/low power gesture significantly affects pain threshold; pretending to have a high-power gesture increases the pain threshold, and pretending to have a low-power gesture lowers the pain threshold.
Conclusion: Based on the results, using power gestures as a simple tool in pain situations is recommended for pain management or as a supplement to analgesics.

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Background and Aim: Resistance training with blood flow restriction can have the same effects as traditional resistance training. The current study aimed to determine the effect of six weeks of selected resistance training with active and passive rest, with and without blood flow restriction, on young men’s C Reactive Protein (CRP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and muscle endurance.
Methods & Materials: From the available and voluntary samples, 24 healthy young soldiers of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force were divided into 3 groups of 8 subjects: traditional resistance training, resistance training with blood flow restriction, and passive rest and resistance training with blood flow restriction and active rest. Exercise programs were performed for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week with an intensity of 70-80% One-repetition maximum (1RM) for the traditional resistance group (3 sets of 10), 20-30% 1RM for the passive rest group (30-15-15-15), and 20 -30% 1RM was administered for the active rest group (30-7-15-7-15). Before and after six weeks, physiological and anthropometric characteristics, muscle endurance, and hormonal levels were measured, and ELISA measured blood samples. Data were analyzed using covariance and Bonferroni post hoc tests and paired t-test for comparison within groups.
Ethical Considerations: All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics committee of the Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran (Code: I.R.SSRC.REC.1398.129), Clinical Trial (Code: ID IRCT20191207045644N1) from the Iran Clinical Trial Registration Center and were conducted under the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: Results showed that 6 weeks of exercise had a significant effect on Muscle endurance (P=0.001) but on the levels of C-reactive protein (P=0.43) and Lactate dehydrogenase (P=0.44) had no significant difference. 
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that a combination of resistance training with restriction of blood flow and Interval training (active rest) can be a good alternative to traditional training and, in some cases, replace resistance training with occlusion and passive rest.

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Background and Aim: A common infection in complete or partial denture wearers is denture stomatitis. One of the most important factors in the adhesion of Candida albicans is the surface and chemical properties of the denture base materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the surface roughness and adhesion of Candida albicans to two different types of acrylic materials.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 16 samples were prepared from each of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin. The surface roughness of the samples was measured by a profilometer. The samples were then placed in a cell suspension of Candida albicans. After incubation and staining with acridine orange, the yeast cells attached to the acrylic samples were counted using a fluorescent microscope. Data were statistically analyzed by T-test.
Ethical considerations: This article is approved by the ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1398.301.
Findings: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean of surface roughness between the two study groups (P = 0.311). However, Candida albicans colonization in ivoclar acrylic was significantly lower than vertex acrylic. (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: Differences in surface topography and physical and chemical properties of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin affect the adhesion of Candida albicans.

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Background and Aim : Despite progressive improvement in medical therapy and standard care, Exercisebased rehabilitation programs have been shown to to have beneficial cardiovascular effects in patients with myocardial infarction through a multifactorial effect. This review study aimed to evaluate exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation strategies in patients with myocardial infarction with special focus on high intensity interval training, as a growing field of research was conducted.
Material and Methods: This is a systematic review study on articles published, without limitation Year, by searching in reputable databases such as PabMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer. Also in the process of searching for articles on the keywords microRNAs (miRNA) and myocardial infarction "," cardiac rehabilitation and myocardial infarction "," cardiac rehabilitation and high-intensity interval training  (HIIT) ", high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Myocardial infarction was used.
Ethical considerations: All Ethical principles in writing this article have been observed  according to the instructions of the National Ethics Committee and the COPE regulations.
Results: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a safe and effective exercise strategy to improve cardiac function in MI, and to prevent abnormal changes in mass, size, geometry, and cardiac function after MI, and Applies significant changes in molecular targets and cell pathway.
Conclusion: Therefore, HIIT targets myocardial necroptosis due to oxidative stress, protects the heart against adverse left ventricular regeneration after MI, and can be considered an integral part of post-MI cardiac rehabilitation programs.

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Background and Aim: Different implant angulation, which is unavoidable in clinical situations, can affect the accuracy of impression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fixture position on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to implants with internal hex.
Materials and Methods: A gypsum model with 4 implants with internal hex connection was prepared. The implants were installed in different mesiodistal angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees to the longitudinal axis in the gypsum model. To simulate the gums, a gingival mask was injected around the implants to a height of 2 mm. After a training session for senior dental students on how to close the impression coping, forty students were asked to close the impression copings on four implants. The correctness of the impression coping was evaluated by an expert prosthodontist. Data were statistically analyzed using Cochran Q test. Significance level was considered 0.05.
Ethical Considerations: this article is approved by ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Findings: The correct performance of students in connecting the impression coping to the implant at angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees was equal to 85%, 72%, 52%, 35%, respectively. With the exception of 0 and 15 degree groups, a statistically significant difference was observed between different study groups.
Conclusion: The fixture position has a significant effect on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to the implants with the internal hex and by increasing the implant angulation, the accurate connection the impression coping to the implant decreases. 

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Introduction: Considering the importance of urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in the medical field, this study aimed to investigate serogroups O25 and O16 and the pattern of antibiotic resistance among UPEC isolates obtained from hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Rasht hospitals.
Methods: A total of 110 urine samples were collected from patients with UTIs referred to selected hospitals in Rasht. The disk diffusion method, as recommended by the CLSI, was used to determine the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility. Serogroups O25 and O16 were detected using specific primers.
Results: Among the studied samples, 36.4% (40/110) were men and 63.6% (70/110) were women. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, a high level of antibiotic resistance was observed against nalidixic acid (81.8%) and co-trimoxazole (78.2%), while the most effective antibiotics were amikacin (85.5%) and nitrofurantoin (83.6%). In addition, multi-drug resistant phenotype was found in 72.7% (110/80) of UPEC isolates. According to PCR results, the frequency of serogroups O25 and O16 was 36.4% and 17.3%, respectively. Both serogroups had the highest resistance to nalidixic acid and co-trimoxazole, while the lowest resistance in serogroup O25 to nitrofurantoin (20%) and amikacin (14.3%) and in serogroup O16 to imipenem (5.3%) and nitrofurantoin (10.5%).
Conclusions: This study showed that the high prevalence of MDR strains among UPEC strains is very worrying and professionals should be very careful in prescribing antibiotics for patients. Like most studies, the frequency of serogroup O25 was high, and probably, this serogroup can play a role in causing urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance of UPEC strains.

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Introduction: Investigating the psychological issues of patients with diabetes, especially in adolescence and youth, is particularly important. Therefore, this study aims to compare the health anxiety and response inhibition of people with type 1 diabetes with healthy people.
Methods: This research is a description of the causal and comparative types. Its statistical population consists of all boys and girls aged 14 to 24 years old with type 1 diabetes in Arak city who were referred to the treatment clinics of this city in 1400. From this population, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling, and 34 healthy teenagers participated in this study as a comparison group. The tools of this research included the health anxiety questionnaire (Salkoskis and Warwick, 2002) and the open-ended task, and multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.
Ethical Considerations: The present research has been registered with the code IR.ARAKU.REC.1401.015 in the Ethics Committee of Arak University.
Results: The present study's findings showed a significant difference between health anxiety and cognitive inhibition of adolescents with type 1 diabetes and healthy adolescents (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this research show the higher level of health anxiety and poor performance of adolescents with type 1 diabetes in choosing the right answer and neglect the wrong answer, which indicates a weakness in their inhibition system. Considering the placement of these problems along with the psychological characteristics of adolescence, it is suggested to use suitable psychological treatment approaches and suitable cognitive rehabilitation interventions to solve or reduce these problems and increase the health of these patients.

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Introduction: Beyond the members of the charter board, the horizon of Amedwar Kanandah for the sake of Bimaran Niyazmand, the member of the board of the board. In parallel, there is a new medical science in New Mutrah, in the opinion of specialists who claim that it is a model and that they have a source for beyond the organs with children. Definitively The current issue is that of new topics and the question of programs in the possession of jurisprudence and rights, which must be carefully selected from the angles that are the subject of jurisprudence debate.
Methods: This is a book in the form of a textbook and a description - an analysis with the use of the books of science and jurisprudence of his room.
Results: This type of child is based on the basis of investigations, which are believed to be valid, according to the permissibility of the organs that are nozadan with severe cranial defects, i.e., in the womb of a mother, or from a cutaneous period, but from birth in the middle of my heart; A defensible issue.
Conclusions: The use of the nostril organs affected by the cornea with limitations of the cervical spine, but with a significant meaning in the development of Rastafarian, and the use of non-main organs based on multiple rational and legal evidences; Milabashed project. The parts of my life are afflicted with severe corneal ulcers, based on the inevitability and inevitability of the disease, and the reason for the fact that the situation is similar to the meaning of the disease. Develop a legitimate development in the most vigorous manner, and the issue of the necessity of preserving human dignity This is an issue that cannot be denied. But from the point of view of the role that is not a conditional legality, it is a present issue with conditional auspices in no severe form.
 

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Introduction: Physical activity is one of the important lifestyle factors that can have positive or negative effects on the reproductive system, and more research is needed to reflect the effect of inactivity on fertility in order to provide safe lifestyle recommendations to help couples achieve pregnancy is required. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of describing and comparing the physical activity status of fertile and infertile men in Arak city in 2022.
Methods: The present study is a case-control study that was conducted on 220 fertile and infertile men (22 to 40 years old) referred to Arak University Jihad infertility centers that were selected through available sampling. Participants completed self-test questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were also measured. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of infertility with physical activity level, sedentary behavior, and body composition.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Arak University (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1401.046).
Ethical Considerations: The present research has been registered with the code IR.ARAKU.REC.1401.015 in the Ethics Committee of Arak University.
Results: In this study, it was observed that the amount of physical activity (P=0.02) and body composition (P=0.001) in fertile men is more favorable than infertile men. In men with a low level of physical activity, the risk of infertility increases 2.97 times (odds ratio 2.97 and 95% CI: 1.03, 8.61, and P=0.04). On the other hand, in men with moderate level of physical activity, the risk of infertility decreases (odds ratio 0.27 and 95% CI: 0.08, 0.92, and P=0.03). Also, in men who sit for more than 6 hours a day, the chance of infertility increases by 3.02 times (odds ratio 3.02 and 95% CI: 1.28, 7.10, and P=0.01). An increase in body mass index increases the risk of infertility by 1.61 times in men (odds ratio 1.61 and 95% CI: 1.23 and 2.11 and P=0.001).
Conclusions: Since obesity, physical inactivity and infertility in Iranian men are increasing at the same time, so there should be more focus and seriousness on the issue of lifestyle modification and especially physical activity regarding reproductive health.

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