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Abstract Background: Tendency to use of portfolio for evaluating has been developed with the aim of optimum use of assessment culture. Present study was done to determine the effect of portfolio’s evaluation method on midwifery students’ learning and satisfaction in gynecology practical training. Materials and Methods: In this qusi-experimental study, all midwifery students in sixth semester (n=42), were randomly allocated to portfolio and routine evaluation group. Based on educational goals, portfolio groups prepared package which consists of a complete report of history, physical exam and method of patient management for women whom visited gynecology clinic and were evaluated by a portfolio’s evaluation checklist. During the last day of their course, post test, clinical exam and opinion form were taken. Results: The mean of age, score of pretest and gynecology theory were similar in both groups. The mean of pre and post test scores for students of both groups didn’t have significant difference for knowledge and comprehension levels. The mean score of application, analysis and cognitive higher levels questions in portfolio group were significantly greater than routine evaluation group (p=0.001, p=0.02, respectively). The mean of clinical exam score in both groups had a significant difference. In portfolio group, mean of diagnostic and therapeutic solution and Communication between theoretical and clinical leanings scores were more. Students’ overall satisfaction scores in two evaluation methods were similar. Conclusion: Portfolio evaluation provides the opportunity for more learning by increasing the student’s participation in learning process and helping them to apply theory in practice.

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Background: Studies in different species indicate that a variety of different inhibitors may influence myometrium during pregnancy and withdrawal of one or more of them leads to the onset of labor pain. Hence, this study was done to investigate the association between parathyroid hormone-related peptide1-34 (PTH-rp1-34) and labor pain. Materials and Methods: This study was a case-control one. Plasma PTH-rp1-34, PTH, total calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were quantified for 152 normal pregnant women at term (76 women at the onset of labor pain, as the case group and 76 women without labor pain, as the control group). The subjects had no pregnancy related complications. Results: The mean of plasma PTHrp concentrations in the group with labor pain (12.36±0.60 ng/ml) did not differ from that in the group without labor pain (13.57±0.63 ng/ml). The means of plasma PTHrp concentration amounts in the group with labor pain and the group without labor pain were 28.92±1.66 pg/ml and 31.88±1.64 pg/ml, respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There were no significant difference in plasma calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations in the two groups too. Conclusion: In this study, the endocrinal role of PTHrp and the onset of labor pain was not confirmed.

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Background: Labor pain, which is a natural, unique and multi- factorial pain, is considereds a major part of women's anxiety at reproductive ages. There are two pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches for reducing this pain. Since the pharmacological approach involves side effects, lots of attention has recently been given to the non-pharmacological methods. One of these methods, is use inc birth ball the, which includes sitting and rocking on the birth ball. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of using birth ball on labor pain, the duration of active phase and contractions of physiologic labor. Materials and Methods: In this randomized control-clinical trial, sixty primiparous women (18-35 year old) were selected and randomly assighed into birth ball and control groups. The severity of pain was measured through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the pain score, interval between contractions and duration of active phase were compared between the two groups. Results: The average pain score in the birth ball group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). In terms of interval between the contractions, duration of active phase and uterine contractions, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Although use of birth ball did not have any effects on the duration of active phase, uterine contractions and interval between uterine contractions, this complementary therapy reduced the severity of pain during the active phase of delivery. Therefore, this safe method is suggested to be used during normal vaginal delivery and physiologic labor. Also, conducting a study, which examines the effects of using a combination of complementary methods, is recommended

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Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent disorders in women which results in their decreased efficacy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pressure on the third liver point on involved liver channel symptoms in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 194 students that met the inclusion criteria. In the first cycle, symptoms of involved liver channel were identified. Accordingly, participants were randomly allotted to either treatment or control groups. In the second, third and fourth cycles, acupressure was applied to the third liver point and placebo point for 20 minutes 3-7 days before menstruation. With bleeding in the fourth cycle, the symptoms of involved liver channel were determined. Results: In the first cycle, there were no significant differences in symptoms of involved liver channel between the two groups however, in the fourth cycle, the results of Chi2 test showed significant differences between the two groups in all symptoms of involved liver channel except the tongue with red spots (p<0.05). In the treatment group, a comparison of the first and the fourth cycle revealed significant differences in all symptoms of involved liver channel except for tongue with red spots (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, applying pressure to the third liver point was effective in the improvement of the majority of involved liver channel symptoms therefore, acupressure is suggested as a practical, effective, non-expensive, and available method in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

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Background: Candida vaginitis which is mostly caused by Candida albicans is the second common cause of vaginal candidiasis in women. This study was designed to determine the clinical symptoms of Candida vaginitis and their relationship with the types of Candida species in women referring to the clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: In an analytical study, over a seven month period of sampling, through the examination of the history of 1100 patients, 450 were identified with chief complaints regarding genital infection. Samples were obtained from 280 of these patients according to their histories and the characteristics of their vaginal discharges. Of these patients, 105 were diagnosed with Candida vaginitis. The analysis of Candidal species was done through germ tube and chlamidospore agar tests. Results: Urogenital itching was severe in more than 43.8% of patients. White color genital discharges were more observable than other symptoms (88.6%). In negative Candida culture samples, severe itching, white color discharge, and disuria were reported to be 23, 80.8, and 43.5%, respectively. Candida albicans composed 70.5% of the samples. Colony count was between 51 and 500 in 49.5% of all samples. There were no significant relationships between colony count and rate of itching, family planning program, and other symptoms. Conclusion: Due to the uncertainty of diagnosis of this disease according to clinical symptoms and also, due to the consistency and resistance of Candida species, using culture method is recommended as a standard method of diagnosis.

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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BMI and reproductive histories (age, age at menarche, the number of parities, reproductive years and years since menopause, and serum levels of estradiol, testosterone and SHBG) on bone densitometry of spine and femur in healthy postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 190 healthy postmenopausal women, aged 40-64, who did not have a history of co-existing diseases, diseases affecting the quality of life, bone diseases, and using drugs affecting the bone metabolism, were randomly selected. Bone densitometry, T score, Z score, and bone marrow density (BMD) were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at lumbar spine and femur. Correlation co-efficients were, then, measured for the relationship between bone density and the intended factors. Results: BMI presented significant positive relationships with T score and BMD of spine and BMD, T score, and Z score of femur, whereas age, the number of years since menopause, and the serum level of testosterone had negative relationships with T score and BMD of spine. The serum level of testosterone showed a negative relationship with Z score reduction in spine. The number of years since menopause had a positive relationship with reductions in Z score and BMD of femur. In addition, significant positive relationships were observed between the number of reproductive years and T score and BMD of spine. Conclusion: Bone loss in postmenopausal women is intensified with increases in age, the number of years since menopause, and the serum level of testosterone, whereas BMI has a bone-protective effect.

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Background: Dysmenorrhea is seen in nearly 5% of women with regular menstruation. In this regard, different methods have been proposed for treatment of dysmenorrhea, and drugs with fewer side effects are preferred. Hence, this study was done to detect the effect of echinophora- platyloba on primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: In a single-blind clinical trial, 60 students with primary dysmenorrhea were evaluated at Shahr-e-Kord University of Medical Sciences. The students were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each: Echinophora-platyloba extract and placebo. Data collection was done through visual analogue scale for detecting the intensity of pain. At the end of first and second months after treatment, the intensity of pain was determined in the two groups and compared with that before the intervention. Eventually, the data were analyzed through Chi square, t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: The means of dysmenorrhea severity scores two months before administering the drug in echinophora-platyloba and placebo groups were 8.46±2.75 and 8.80±2.53, respectively. Here the difference was not significant however, after administering the drug, the mean scores in intervention and non-intervention groups were 3.41±1.12 and 7.82±2.60, respectively, which indicated a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001) . Conclusion: Both echinophora-platyloba extract and the placebo could reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea during the treatment, yet the effect of echinophora-platyloba was much greater than the placebo. Thus, the use of echinophora-platyloba extract is suggested in treatment of dysmenorrhea.

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Background: Perineal pain following episiotomy affects mothers’ mental health and their quality of life. Using cooling gel pad is a new approach which is used for pain relief, but the pain related to episiotomy is still typically treated with oral analgesics. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gel pad on post-episiotomy pain in primiparous women in Kamali Hospital of Karaj. Materials and Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 primiparous women who referred for labor to Kamali Hospital of Karaj. The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: Those receiving gel pads (for 20 minutes four hours after labor and in case necessary, for up to 5 days) and the control (receiving the hospital routine). The two groups were evaluated in terms of episiotomy pain intensity through visual analogue scale (VAS) and analgesics usage. Results: The two groups did not show any significant differences in demographic features and other intervening variables. In terms of reduction in pain intensity, there were significant differences between the two groups 4 hours (p=0.002), 12 hours (p=0.009), and 5 days (p=0.000) after episiotomy. Analgesics usage, five days after delivery, in gel pad group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001) Conclusion: Using gel pad reduces the perineal pain intensity following episiotomy and decreases the need for using analgesics.

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Background: Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common infections in women at reproductive age. Although metronidazole is recommended as the first-line treatment, it has various side effects which make it difficult for patients to continue the treatment. Thus, the need is felt for finding a medication with fewer side effects. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of micosin vaginal cream (made of garlic) and metronidazole vaginal gel on treatment of patients with bacterial vaginosis. Materials and Methods: This study was a clinical trial which was conducted on 100 married women, aged 18-44, whose infection with bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed through clinical Amsel criteria. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 50 persons each: Micosin vaginal cream and metronidazole vaginal gel. Patients identified with tricamona or candidiadis infections were excluded from the study. Treatment period in each group lasted for seven days. Clinical Amsel criteria and patient complaints were again checked 2 to 7 days after completion of the treatment period, and the side-effects were registered. Results: Following the treatment with micosin vaginal cream and metronidazole vaginal gel, patient complaints and clinical Amsel criteria showed a significant decrease (p<0.05), in a way that clinical recovery rates in micosin and metronidazole groups were 80% and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: Micosin vaginal cream seems to be an appropriate alternative for metronidazole vaginal gel in treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

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Background: Every year over 150 million pregnancies occur in developing countries however, delivery is not satisfactory for some mothers and, in fact, it is a painful and frightening experience. One solution for pain relief is using En2nox gas. Because of opposite stances of people and society on En2onox, this study was done to highlight the real experiences of people and describe mothers' experiences of pain relief using En2nox. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative, phenomenological study, deep interview is conducted with 30 pregnant women who chose painless delivery using En2nox at Taamin Ejtemaee Hospital. Data analysis was done via Collaizzi method. Validity and reliability were obtained noticing such measures as real value, applicability, continuity, and authenticity. Results: The reasons for choosing En2nox were being easy-to-use and having minimal side effects. Most mothers had a positive attitude towards self-administration of the method and their main satisfaction was with the reduction in pain without severe side effects following withdrawal from usage of the method. The mothers’ major complaint was with dizziness following the method. Conclusion: Based on the mothers’ positive experience of En2nox painless delivery, using this method with the aim of decreasing labor pain and elective cesarean is recommended. Furthermore, the use of this type of analgesia at other centers, with larger sample sizes, and in comparison with other analgesia methods is recommended.

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Background: Sex life is one of the most important aspects of quality of life which is affected by a multitude of factors which can disrupt it. This study compares the effects of two different hormonal therapeutic regimens on sexual performance of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, a total of 111 healthy postmenopausal women with no absolute contraindication for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were divided into two groups that received GI-Tibolone 2.5mg/day (N=57) and GII-continuous conjugated estrogen (CE) 0.625mg/day plus medroxyprogestrone acetate (MPA) 2.5mg/day (N=54) for six months. At baseline and after 6 months of treatment, blood samples were collected for determining sexual hormones level. Sexual function was assessed by Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Data were analyzed using Spss 16. Results: Of all the participants, 45 women in the tibolone group and 32 women in HRT completed the study. Compared with the baseline values, the tibolone group significantly improved on all the six FSFI domains however, in the HRT group, just two of the six domains, lubrication and pain, got improved. The increase in mean total score and the score of each domain of FSFI except for satisfaction domain in the tibolone group was significantly greater than the HRT group (p<0.05). In the tibolone group, testosterone (p=0.003), FTI (p=0.002), and FEI (p=0.021) increased in comparison to the baseline, whereas SHBG decreased (p<0.001). In GII group, SHBG (p=0.001) significantly increased and tibolone was tolerated better than HRT. Conclusion: In post menopausal women, tibolone is more effective than HRT in improving sexual function scores, especially the desire, arousal, and orgasm domains. Its side effects are also much more acceptable.

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Background: Mother and newborn's health is one of the important indexes in health services of every country and one of its main assessment indexes is the number of normal deliveries in each country. Identifying the effective factors in labor helps the right selection of patients the process of delivery. The main goal of this study was to assess the association between fetal sex and unsuccessful labor process which result in cesarean section. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 1537 pregnant women admitted for delivery to Taleghani Hospital of Arak during 6 months. Data were catch through a check list consisting of obstetric history, physical examination, labor process, and lab tests coupled with interview and observation. The results were analyzed through Chi2, chance ration analysis, and t-test. Results: Of the 1537 pregnant women, 74% had normal delivery and 26% underwent cesarean section. Of all infants, 35.1% of those delivered by normal vaginal delivery and 13.4% of those delivered by cesarean section were male sex while 38.9% of the infants in the normal delivery group and 12.6% of those in the cesarean group were female. These results did not show any association between fetal sex and type of delivery. Overall, 36.5% of the deliveries done through cesarean section were due to dystosia (18.1% male and 18.4% female) (P=0.934). Also,14.3% of the newborns delivered through cesarean sction due to fetal distress were male and 10.8% of them were female (P=0.162) while 10.5% of newborns delivered through cesarean section due to meconium were male and 8.5% of them were male (P=0.359). Conclusion: It appears there is no association between fetal sex and labor disorders which result in cesarean section.

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Background: Preeclampsia is one of major reasons of mortality in mother and child and its early diagnosis is one of the most important parts of health care during pregnancy. The current study was done to find the relationship between hemoglobin and hematocrit in the first trimester of pregnancy and the incidence of preeclampsia in women referring to Milad Hospital in Tehran in 2009-2010. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 700 pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy, selected by convenience sampling. Prenatal tests were run in Milad Hospital and the results were recorded. Then samples were monitored for preeclampsia until delivery. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 (P < 0.05). Results: The highest percentage of research groups suffering from preeclampsia was in hemoglobin ≥12/5% g/dl and hematocrit of ≥38% group. There was a significant relationship between hemoglobin and hematocrit levels during the first trimester of pregnancy and preeclampsia (P<0.001, P=0.002). Hemoglobin of ≥ 12.45 g/dl presented a sensitivity of 85%, the specificity of 43.04%, positive predictive value of 9.63%, and negative predictive value of 97.57%. Hematocrit of ≥ 38% presented the sensitivity of 77.5%, the specificity of 50.71, the positive predictive value of 10.1%, and the negative predictive value of 96.93%. Conclusion: The presence of high hemoglobin and hematocrit in the first trimester of pregnancy can be a predictive factor for diagnosing preeclampsia

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Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and one of its most desirable treatments is tamoxifen. The reported side effect associated with tamoxifen is endometrial thickness and increased risk of endometrial cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of tamoxifen on the endometrial thickness in amenorrhea breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted in Radiotherapy Departments of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences over a period of seven years.162 patients treated with tamoxifen whose bleeding cycle had been disrupted were selected and the relationship between tamoxifen usage and endometrial thickness was investigated in them. In addition, the relationship between abnormal vaginal bleeding and the ultra sonographic findings was assessed. Data analysis was done by using t-test and Chi-square test. Results: There was a significant relationship between tamoxifen usage and abnormal endometrial thickness while the greatest relationship was observed in the first year of treatment. The relationship between abnormal vaginal bleeding and abnormal endometrial sonographic findings was significant (P=0.001). The incidence of endometrial cancer in tamoxifen users was more than general population (0.61% vs. 0.1%). Conclusion: Considering the findings of this study, in the presence of abnormal sonographic and clinical observations indicating abnormal vaginal bleeding, pathological evaluation of the endometrial biopsy should be carried out for patients who use tamoxifen.

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Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common, progressive disorder which is related to age and it affects the quality of life and sexual and interpersonal relationship. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between self-esteem and sexual dysfunction and satisfaction in women who referred to the health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was done on 120 women referring to the health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences that met the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools were demographic, GHQ-28, Kovair Smith, and FSFI questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16). Results: The overall incidence of sexual dysfunction was 64% and the greatest frequencies were related to pain and sexual satisfaction 37% and 20%, respectively. Also, 90% of the subjects had high self-esteem and the rest 10% had low self-esteem. There was a significant relationship between self-esteem and sexual dysfunction (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a significant relationship between self-esteem and sexual dysfunction and satisfaction in women, especially in those with low self-esteem that presented greater sexual dysfunction and satisfaction.

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Background: Vasomotor disorders are one of the most painful menopausal complications that negatively affect the quality of life in menopausal women. This study investigated the effects of omega3 fatty acid on vasomotor disorders in menopausal women. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study was done on 83 menopausal women aged 45-60 years that had met the inclusion criteria. The participants were randomly assigned to omega3 or placebo groups. Fish oil capsules (containing 300 mg of omega3) or placebo capsules were prescribed to the participants one capsule a day for 8 weeks. Of the 83 patients enrolled, 68 completed the study (omega3 supplement, n=34 placebo n=34). Data collection was done through demographic questionnaire, daily self report, and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed by t-test, Chi square, Fiedman, and Mann-Whitney tests using SPSS software version 18. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, there was a significant difference in HF frequency (p=0.003) and nightsweats frequency (p=0.001) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in HF intensity between the two groups (p=0.2) but reduction of nightsweats intensity was significant between the two groups (p=0.003). Conclusion: Omega3 affected the reduction of HF frequency and nightsweats frequency and intensity but it did not have a significant effect on the severity of HF.

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Background: Male involvement in maternal health is one of the policies promoted by international reproductive health bodies. To better understand male involvement issues in maternal health, this study was done to explore midwives’ experiences toward the promotion of male involvement in maternal health and barriers to such programs. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, sampling was conducted by means of focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews through a semi-constructed questionnaire. The experiences of all midwives at health centers were surveyed through 2 group interviews and the views of 8 midwives employed in Maternity Hospital of Sabzevar, Iran, were considered as well. Content analysis was applied to data analysis. Results: Results of this study can be divided into three categories: Arguments in favor of, obstacles to, and outcomes of male involvement in maternal health. Based on midwives’ experiences, the provision of couple-friendly health services would enhance the quality of care, better understanding of health information provided to pregnant women and easier acceptance of tasks like taking a sonogram. Midwives indicated some obstacles like manpower and work space deficiency and cultural barriers like husbands and midwives uneasiness while communicating and giving information. Disagreements between partners and higher likelihood of partner interventions in affairs were found to be possible negative outcomes of such programs. Conclusion: Midwives’ attitudes towards male involvement in maternal health were positive and indicate that the introduction of such programs would be accepted. However, attention should be paid to midwives’ concerns and cultural obstacles and they should be trained for such programs.

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Background: Menopause is associated with changes in body composition in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of tibolone and continuous combined hormone therapy (HT) on body composition in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 120 menopausal women were randomly selected and divided into three groups. Of these, 40 women received 2.5 mg tibolone plus one Cal+D tablet (500 mg carbonate calcium with 200 IU vitamin D) daily, 40 women received 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen combined with 2.5 mg medroxy progesterone acetate plus one Cal+D tablet daily and the rest 40 (the control group) only received one Cal+D tablet daily. All regimes continued for nine months. Body composition was evaluated with measurements of waist to hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), body mass index (BMI), and weight before and after intervention. Fat mass and fat free mass were assessed by measurement of skin-fold thickness. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: In the tibolone group, FFM, BMI, and weight significantly increased compared to the baseline (p<0.05). In the HT group, only weight and BMI significantly increased (p<0.05). In the control group, however, BMI, FM, and weight did not significantly increase in comparison with the other groups. Overall, tibolone group showed a more significant increase in comparison with the other groups (p<0.01) Conclusion: From these results, it can be concluded that tibolone can be used in treating menopausal changes in menopausal women as an alternative to continuous combined hormone therapy.

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Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding is one of the leading causes of poor quality of life and iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age. This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect of tranexamic acid (TA) on menorrhagia. Materials and Methods: In this before and after clinical trial, 46 women with menorrhagia were selected and, after a control cycle for evaluation of the volume and duration of primary bleeding, were subjected to tranexamic acid treatment (500mg every 6 hours from day 1 to 5 of bleeding) for 3 consecutive cycles. Data on the duration of bleeding, amount of bleeding (PBAC chart), quality of life (SF-36 and MQ questionnaires), and hemoglobin and ferritin values were checked and compared before and after treatment using SPSS software. Results: Tranexamic acid reduced mean PBAC score from 242.86 (160.47) in control cycle to 101.50 (72.67) after the third cycle (p<0.001). Hemoglobin increased from 11.85 (0.84) to 13.08 (0.97) g/dl and ferritin increased from 15.9 (20.39) to 22.13 (2.03) ng/dl (p<0.001). Duration of menstrual bleeding decreased from 7.6 (1.23) days to 6.86 (0.84) days (p=0.001). Tranexamic acid reduced mean MQ score from 70.26 (17.64) to 11.64 (6.49) (p<0.0001). Quality of life scores increased in all aspects (except for bodily pain scale) (p<0.001). Conclusion: TA due to its short course of prescription, fewer side effects, especially on the pattern of bleeding and menstrual cycle, and not having hormonal effects, seems to be an effective drug for menorrhagia in women of reproductive age.

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Background: Primary dysmenorrheal is one of the most common gynecologic diseases. This study was carried out to compare the effects of omega-3 and vitamin E on the treatment of primary dysmenorrheal. Materials and Methods: In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 80 female students from high schools in Arak, Iran, were selected by simple sampling and randomly divided into two identical groups in 2010. Omega-3 group received one omega-3 capsule (500 mg) per day while the vitamin E group received one vitamin E capsule (400IU) every other day for 60 days. Intensity of pain, duration of pain, and the number of painkillers taken before and after intervention were measured in both groups. Intensity of pain was assessed by VAS scale of pain. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: After intervention, the mean of pain intensity in the omega-3 group decreased to 3.5 which indicated a significant difference in comparison with the corresponding values before intervention (7.40) (p<0.05) and the values in the vitamin E group (5.25) (p<0.05). After intervention, the mean duration of pain in the omega-3 group reached 11.04 hours which showed a significant difference compared with the corresponding values before intervention (31.74) (p<0.05) and the values in the vitamin E group (34.81) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Omega-3 is more effective than vitamin E in the treatment of primary dysmenorrheal and its application as a new therapeutic method to the treatment of primary dysmenorrheal requires further studies.