Showing 53 results for Tme
Mohsen Kamalinia, Dr Kianoush Zahrakar, Mehdi Arab Zadeh,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Resilience is known as a component that plays an important role in tolerating the hardships of the occupational and marital environment. Therefore, it is identified as the main construct of personality, so identifying variables that can predict resilience is important.
Methods: The present study is based on the basic purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive data is correlational with structural equation model. The statistical population of the study included married female nurses in public health centers and hospitals of Alborzand province that 400 of them were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Conor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Denis and Vanderwal Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Granevsky et al., Short Form Skorn and Smith Self Differentiation Questionnaire, and Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale were used. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling test and SPSS 26 and Amos24 software were used.
Results: The critical ratio between cognitive flexibility (r=76.7), cognitive emotion regulation (r = 72.9.), self-differentiation (r = 71.2), marital adjustment (r = 79.6) and resiliency was found at the significance level of 0/01. The results showed that the data fit with the conceptual model of the research. Also, the mediating role of marital adjustment, between cognitive flexibility, self-differentiation and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire on resilience was confirmed. According to the results, to increase the resilience of married female nurses, it is recommended to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this class.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested to the officials of the treatment staff to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this group to increase the resilience of married female nurses.
Toktam Masomi, Doctor Gholamreza Manshaee, Doctor Hadi Farhadi,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness on cortisol levels in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group and a two-month follow-up period. The study population included all individuals with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder who referred to the clinics of the Psychological Services Center and Counseling in Region 3, the Counseling and Psychological Services Center of Welfare in Region 6, and the Aryaz Counseling and Psychological Services of Region 6, Tehran, from April 2022 to the end of autumn 2022.
Results: The sample consisted of 30 individuals (10 males and 20 females) with generalized anxiety disorder, selected purposefully and randomly assigned to a treatment group based on virtual reality and mindfulness (15 individuals) and a control group (15 individuals). Pre-test, post-test, and follow-up cortisol levels were measured, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was used as the entry criterion. Subsequently, the experimental group received an eight-session, 17-minute weekly treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness. Participants in this group, while immersed in a virtual environment, watched 360-degree virtual reality videos, "Walking by the Beach" and "Pebbles in the Lake," accompanied by mindfulness audio contemplation, "Being Present and Breathing," and "Wise Mind," using a VR headset and VR-ARBOX. The control group received no treatment.
Conclusions: After completing the interventions, post-tests and two-month follow-ups were conducted. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS23 software, revealing that the combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness was effective in reducing cortisol levels. It is suggested that this combined method is used as a clinical intervention in order to reduce the level of anxiety and cortisol of people suffering from generalized anxiety disorder alone or along with other psychological and pharmaceutical interventions.
Mohammad Douzandeh Nargesi, Zohreh Teymori, Mehnoosh Tavakkolifard,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The stress caused by COVID-19 had affected many people in society, especially individuals at risk. The present study was carried out to investigate, firstly, whether COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug-dependent people undergoing treatment. Secondly, the study was conducted to know whether rumination has an indirect effect on the aggression of substance-dependent people under treatment through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Methods: In this correlational analytical study, 136 patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone who were willing to enter the study were investigated by the available sampling method in two addiction treatment centers in the 1st and 2nd districts. The data collection tools in the present study included the Corona Disease Anxiety Questionnaire, Rumination Questionnaire, and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. After collecting the data, the anxiety score of each participant was measured from 0 to 54, the rumination score from 0 to 88, and the aggression score from 29 to 145. Then, the data was analyzed using Lisrel statistical software.
Results: Findings showed that the direct effect of rumination on aggression is 0.23, which is significant at the P < 0.01 level. Therefore, rumination has a positive and direct effect on aggression. Also, COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug addicts under treatment. In addition, the indirect effect of rumination on aggression is 0.25, which is significant. Thus, rumination has an indirect effect on aggression through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Conclusions: According to the high prevalence of psycho-social problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, addiction, job burnout, suicidal thoughts, violence, domestic and post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the post-corona era, we have witnessed a high amount of mental and social injuries in the world. For this reason, governments must screen psychologically vulnerable groups in advance.
Haniyeh Mozafari, Farah Lotfi Kashani, Shahram Vaziri, Mohammad Ismail Akbari,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to analyze the focal relationship of the contribution of mental adaptation to cancer, health literacy, and perceived threat in predicting the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational research. The statistical population of the present study included all women with breast cancer under treatment at Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital Cancer Treatment Center in 2023, and 310 people were determined to participate in the research using G*Power software and the available sampling method. They responded to Williams, Templin, and Hines's breast cancer literacy questionnaires, Champion's perceived threat questionnaire, Watson's mental adaptation to cancer and early diagnosis questionnaire. The data were also analyzed using a focal correlation test and multiple regression.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the contribution variables of mental adaptation, perceived threat, and health literacy with the components of early cancer diagnosis (knowledge, attitude, and actions) (P ≤ 0.01). Also, the results showed that health literacy was 4.8%, mental compatibility was 3.4 percent and perceived threat 18.7% alone predicted the variance of early diagnosis of breast cancer. The perceived threat share is 38.9%, higher than all other variables.
Conclusions: Based on the statistical results, it can be said that increasing mental adaptability, perceived threat, and health literacy play a role in early disease diagnosis, and the importance of perceived threat is more significant than mental adaptability and health literacy, which should be considered.
Azam Mivefroshan, Roghaiyeh Afsargharehbagh,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia, a chronic metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood lipid levels, significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. While pharmacological interventions exist, factors such as medication side effects, cost considerations, and a growing interest in complementary and alternative medicine have stimulated research into the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants in managing hyperlipidemia. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of these botanical agents in reducing blood lipid levels.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across reputable databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and other relevant online platforms. Keywords such as "hyperlipidemia," "herbal medicine," "traditional medicine," "herbal extract," and "herbal therapy" were employed to identify studies published up to 2024. Inclusion criteria were established to select studies that reported the impact of medicinal plants on lipid profile modifications.
Results: Based on the results, the study revealed that various medicinal plants, including Thymus vulgaris, Apium graveolens, Cichorium intybus, Fumaria officinalis, Heracleum rawianum, Anthemis altissima, Gundelia tourneforttii, Cynodon dactylon, Anthriscus sylvestrianum, Solanum nigrum, Arum elongatum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Berberis vulgaris, Rheum ribes, and Mentha spicata, are commonly used in traditional medicine to address hyperlipidemia.
Conclusions: The use of indigenous Iranian medicinal plants for managing hyperlipidemia is deeply rooted in the country’s ancient history and has been increasingly validated by contemporary scientific research. These natural compounds can help lower blood lipid levels by inhibiting fat absorption and boosting lipid metabolism. The growing interest in traditional medicine and medicinal plants can be attributed to their inherent advantages, such as a lower incidence of side effects compared to synthetic drugs. Ongoing scientific research in this field offers promising avenues for developing innovative and effective herbal-based therapies
Parvin Roosta, Sayed Abdollah Sadat Bahreinian, Ghasem Ahi, Mohammad Hassan Ghanifar,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (12-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the problems during adolescence is the existence of conflict with parents, which creates object relationships and feelings of shame and guilt in them. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on the mentalization of object relations and feelings of shame and guilt in conflicting mother-child relationships.
Methods: This research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all mothers and adolescents with conflicting relationships who were referred to counseling centers in Shiraz in 2022. By using the available sampling method, 30 people from the mentioned community were selected as a sample and were randomly divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Asadi et al.'s parent-child conflict questionnaires (2010), Bell's object relations (1995), and Cohen et al.'s (2011) feelings of shame and guilt were used to collect information. The experimental group underwent executive function training for 13 sessions twice a week for 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training. The research data was analyzed using correlation.
Results: The mean ± standard deviation of the experimental group in the post-test in the variable of object relations from 1.5 ± 1.37 to 28.6 ± 4.3 and in the variable of shame and guilt from 5 ± 1.60 to 5.60 ± 3. 51.2 ± 9.1 decreased. The results showed that in the post-test stage, the mean scores of object relations and feelings of shame and guilt in the experimental group decreased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: Treatment based on mentalization was effective in improving object relationships and reducing feelings of shame and guilt. Therefore, this treatment can be suggested to reduce the conflict between adolescents and mothers.
Zahra Zohre Vandi, Narges Babakhani, Afsaneh Taheri,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the lifestyle of improving the health and emotional distress of women undergoing infertility treatment with the in vitro fertilization (IVF) method.
Methods: The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF method referring to the infertility center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the first six months of 2012. In this research, 27 women undergoing infertility treatment with IVF method were selected by voluntary sampling method and replaced by random method in test and control groups. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy (10 sessions) for two and a half months. A health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP) and an emotional distress questionnaire (Lavibond and Lavibond, 1995) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: It showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the lifestyle level improves health (Eta = 0.56, F = 19.74) and has a significant effect on the dimensions of emotional disorders such as depression (P < 0.0001, Eta = 0.58, F = 0.58). F = 34), anxiety (P > 0001; Eta = 0.59; F = 35.69), and stress (P > 0.0001; Eta = 0.61; F = 40.12) of women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF, and has been able to lead to increase a healthy lifestyle, reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in these individuals.
Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy, utilizing six psychological acceptance processes, cognitive breakdown, self under context, interaction with the present, specified values, and committed behavior, can be used as an effective treatment to reduce emotional distress in women undergoing IVF infertility treatment.
Habib Rezaei, Soad Mahfoozpour, Somayeh Hesam, Eiravan Masoodi Asl,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Different organizations are involved in each level of traffic accident prevention. Enhanced collaboration among these organizations leads to more effective and beneficial outcomes in traffic accident prevention across all levels. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the status of inter-sectoral cooperation in the prevention of traffic accidents in selected countries and Iran.
Methods: This research is a comparative study that was conducted in 2022. In this study, sampling was purposeful. The countries compared in the study include Egypt, Turkey, the United States, Australia, Sweden, England, Norway, Denmark, and Iran. These countries were selected based on their successful experiences and positive indicators in the field of research. Valid databases and other related sources were used to collect data. In this study, the findings were compared using a comparative table.
Results: Findings indicated that the incidence of traffic accidents is higher among men than women. Additionally, the incidence rate was highest in Iran and lowest in Norway. The results also showed that organizations and institutions such as the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Ministry of Interior, the National Broadcasting Agency, the Traffic Police, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, and the Ministry of Welfare play the most crucial role in the pre-accident, during-accident, and post-accident phases.
Conclusions: Based on the research findings, it is recommended to develop and implement an integrated model of inter-departmental cooperation to prevent and manage traffic accidents, aiming to decrease casualties and enhance road safety in Iran.
Fatemeh Sadat Fatemi, Aezam Vaziri Nasab, Dr Farshid Khosropour,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, marital infidelity has a significant prevalence among couples, necessitating appropriate interventions to address this destructive behavior. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of reality therapy (RT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on depression and anxiety in women affected by marital infidelity.
Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental study employing a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women affected by marital infidelity who referred to counseling centers in Kerman city in the first half of 2024. Among these women, 45 were selected as a sample and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group (15 participants each) by drawing lots. The first experimental group received reality therapy intervention and the second group received ACT intervention, both comprising eight 60-minute sessions. The research instruments were the the Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) depression and anxiety questionnaires. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Results: The results showed that both Reality Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy were effective in reducing depression and anxiety. Furthermore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy demonstrated significantly greater effectiveness than Reality Therapy in reducing depression and anxiety among women affected by infidelity (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that Bonferoni therapy is a more appropriate approach to reduce the harm caused by marital infidelity in women. The main emphasis of this therapy is on cognitive dissonance, the exercises of which make thoughts less anxiety-provoking.
Alireza Amani, Malihe Safari, Ghodratollah Roshanaei, Alireza Mohamadi, Amir Hamta, Aidin Shakeri, Yasamin Pourandish, Sahar Bayat, Dorsa Beygi, Saeed Jafari,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: The emergency department is an essential part of the health care system in any country, providing 24-hour service to patients requiring urgent medical, surgical, or other care. The main aim of the present study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients referred to the emergency department at the referral center in Arak city.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 226,127 patients referred to the emergency department during 2020-2023. The information in this study was based on the registration system of patients referred to the emergency department in Vali-asr Hospital in Arak. Data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and t-test and Chi-square statistical tests. The significance level of the tests was considered P < 0.05.
Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of patients was 36.3 (20.5) years with an age range of (1-103). 147,088 patients were male (65%). Death occurred in 2,633 (1.2%) patients. More than 50% of patients were referred between 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM. Hospital admission was required for 32.1% of patients. 63% underwent surgical procedures. A statistically significant association was observed between gender, age, year of visit, season, time of visit and surgical procedures with the type of admission and the condition of the patient at the time of discharge (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Understanding the epidemiology and the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients can facilitate timely planning for staff deployment and resource allocation. This can help prevent overcrowding, improve patient outcomes, and increase patient satisfaction through effective management.
Mr Sajad Rozegar, Akbar Rezaeifard,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common neurotic diseases, which often occurs between the ages of 20-40, and women are affected twice as often as men. The aim of the present study was the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance of patients with MS.
Materials and Methods: The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients with MS who referred to Hafez Hospital (Imam Reza (AS) and Shahid Motahari Hospital) in Shiraz. Among the statistical population, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of therapy based on acceptance and commitment. In order to collect research data, cognitive flexibility questionnaire by Dennis and Vanderwal (2010), psychological symptoms questionnaire by Najarian et al (2010) and medication adherence questionnaire by Moriski et al. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software (version 24).
Results: The results of the analysis of the research findings showed that there is a significant difference between the average scores of psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance in the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). In other words, treatment based on acceptance and commitment to psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance of patients with MS has been effective.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this research, it can be said that one of the useful therapeutic approaches to help improve the psychological variables of MS patients is the therapeutic approach based on acceptance and commitment.
Fatemeh Shariati, Majid Pourfaraj,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence is a stressful stage that can affect the mental health and social adjustment of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance and social adjustment in adolescents with social anxiety.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of male high school students with social anxiety in district one of Babol city, who were studying in the 2022-2023 academic year. From this population, 45 individuals who met the study's entry criteria were selected via purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to three groups (15 in the first experimental group, 15 in the second experimental group, and 15 in the control group). Data were collected using the Bell Social Adjustment Inventory (1961) and the Simmons & Gaher Distress Tolerance Scale (2005). The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) (P < 0.05).
Results: The findings showed that cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy caused a significant increase in distress tolerance and social adjustment of adolescents with social anxiety (P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these treatments on distress tolerance and social adjustment.
Conclusions: The results showed that the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance is not different. Therefore, these two treatment methods can be recommended to improve distress tolerance and social adaptation in adolescents with social anxiety.
Narges Miranisargazi, Ms Mina Dehnoo Khalaji, Seyedeh Fatemeh Morshedi Sherbaf, Leyla Samavi, Maeideh Bina,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: The problems in the field of sexual function and personality that most women with vaginismus face, highlight the need for research and increased attention to this area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy and group psychotherapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method on sexual function and personality disorders in women with vaginismus.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the statistical population included all women with vaginismus in Alborz, Kermanshah, and Torbat Jam. Among them, 60 were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups (20 in each group). The Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (Rosen, 1997) and the Personality Disorder Questionnaire (Kohl & Kazen, 2009) were used to collect data. The first experimental group underwent emotional schema therapy intervention (10 sessions) and the second experimental group underwent group psychotherapy based on the matrix method of acceptance and commitment (6 sessions), and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Multivariate analysis of covariance, analysis of variance, and t-test were used to analyze the research data.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between emotional schema therapy and acceptance and commitment-based group psychotherapy and the control group in the post-test of sexual function variables (P=0.000, F=26.53) and personality disorders (P=0.000, F=7.27). Also, the effect size for sexual function variables and personality disorders in the first and second intervention groups and the control group was 49.7% and 33.9%, respectively.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that emotional schema therapy intervention has a greater effect on sexual function than group therapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method, and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method has a greater effect on personality disorders in women with vaginismus than emotional schema therapy.
