Showing 53 results for Tme
Maryam Moradi, Mahla Salarfard, Zahra Abedian, Seyed Reza Mazloum, Ehsan Mousa Farkhani,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The adherence of diabetic patients to the recommended treatment regimens is among the major challenges in diabetes control. Dietary adherence is low in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Non-compliance can reduce the beneficial effects of treatment, symptoms, and signs, increase complications, or even cause death. Therefore, further research on the determinants of follow-up behaviors is essential.
Methods & Materials: This was a descriptive-analytical study. In total, 260 women with gestational diabetes treated with diet referring to healthcare centers, and Imam Reza (AS), Ghaem, and Umm Al-Banin Hospitals in Mashhad City, Iran participated in this research. The study subjects were selected using convenience, multistage, class, and cluster sampling methods. The required data were collected using a demographic and pregnancy profile questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire of adherence to the treatment regimen. The obtained data were analyzed by inferential statists and regression tests in SPSS v. 16.
Ethical Considerations: This study was registered with ethics code of IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1397.091 in the ethics committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Results: The regression analysis results indicated that dietary adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and exercise adherence scores presented a significant and positive effect on the total treatment adherence score (P<0.001). Furthermore, education (P=0.044), unwanted (P=0.006), or unplanned pregnancy (P=0.21) provided a positive and significant effect on the overall score of treatment adherence. Women with a history of diabetes in first-degree relatives (P=0.010) and those with a history of miscarriage (P=0.021) obtained higher scores of total treatment adherence.
Conclusion: According to the present study findings, some demographic and pregnancy characteristics can affect the rate of adherence to the treatment regimen in women with gestational diabetes. Healthcare providers need to pay attention to the impact of these factors in improving adherence to patients’ treatment regimens.
Farideh Ranjbaran, Hamid Reza Jamilian, Bahman Sadeghi Sade,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is the most common mental health condition, with a severe decline in performance, disability, and a 15% risk of suicide. Allopurinol increases the level of tryptophan in the body by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, and by elevating the level of tryptophan, i.e., a precursor to serotonin. Accordingly, it can improve the symptoms of depression. This study aimed to investigate the impact of allopurinol on MDD.
Methods & Materials: In this double-blind clinical trial, 70 patients with MDD, diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- Fourth Edition-Third Edition (DSM IV-TR) were randomly (paired & individual patient records) divided into two equal groups. Both research groups received 40 mg of citalopram daily for 6 weeks. In addition to citalopram, the intervention group received 300 mg allopurinol daily and the control group received a placebo. At the end of the third and sixth weeks, the examined patients were tested for Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1394.68). Also, it was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT201508277373n6).
Results: The Mean±SD HDRS’s score, after 3 weeks of treatment, in the control and allopurinol groups was measured as 28.42±3.1 and 23.02±3.4, respectively. After 6 weeks after treatment, the Mean±SD depression score in the control and allopurinol groups was equal to 23.28±4.1 and 20.4±1.2, in sequence. A significant difference was observed between the research groups; thus, the intervention group obtained a lower mean score in the HDRS than the controls.
Conclusion: Allopurinol can improve the symptoms of depression and can also be used as an adjunct in the treatment of depression.
Doctor Monireh Nadeali, Doctor Mojtaba Bayani, Doctor Vahideh Nazari, Doctor Rahmatollah Moradzadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Different implant angulation, which is unavoidable in clinical situations, can affect the accuracy of impression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fixture position on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to implants with internal hex.
Materials and Methods: A gypsum model with 4 implants with internal hex connection was prepared. The implants were installed in different mesiodistal angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees to the longitudinal axis in the gypsum model. To simulate the gums, a gingival mask was injected around the implants to a height of 2 mm. After a training session for senior dental students on how to close the impression coping, forty students were asked to close the impression copings on four implants. The correctness of the impression coping was evaluated by an expert prosthodontist. Data were statistically analyzed using Cochran Q test. Significance level was considered 0.05.
Ethical Considerations: this article is approved by ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Findings: The correct performance of students in connecting the impression coping to the implant at angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees was equal to 85%, 72%, 52%, 35%, respectively. With the exception of 0 and 15 degree groups, a statistically significant difference was observed between different study groups.
Conclusion: The fixture position has a significant effect on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to the implants with the internal hex and by increasing the implant angulation, the accurate connection the impression coping to the implant decreases.
Pardis Mirmoeini, Mohammad Hosseini Bayazi, Javad Khlatbari,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Given the increasing number of patients with multiple sclerosis and the psychological complications that affect this group, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy for these patients
Methods & Materials This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. A total of 45 patients with multiple sclerosis were selected from MS patients in Tehran Clinic, Tehran City, Iran, in 2020. They were randomly divided into three groups: the first group was under treatment based on acceptance and commitment therapy, the second group was assigned to the compassion-focused therapy, and the third group was the control. The participants completed the Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaire and the Pennsylvania concern questionnaire in the pretest and post-test stages. The first and second groups participated in eight sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy and ten sessions of compassion-focused therapy, respectively. The control group did not receive any intervention. The post-test was done at the end of the therapy sessions. Data were reported by analysis of covariance.
Ethical Considerations This research was approved by the Torbat Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University (Cod: IR.IAU.TJ.REC.1399.012).
Results The results of univariate analysis of covariance were obtained at the statistical level of P<0.05. In this regard, F=5.88 for resilience and F=42.60 for anxiety intensity were obtained, which indicated the greater effectiveness of acceptance and commitment treatment.
Conclusion Considering the effectiveness of both treatments, it is suggested that these treatments be given more attention to controlling patients’ psychological symptoms.
Bakhtyar Tartibian, Leila Fasihi, Rasoul Eslami,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Menopause is a period in a woman’s life that can be physically damaging. However, its effect on bone mineral density is still debatable. This study investigated the relationship between serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase indices with lumbar bone mineral density in active and inactive postmenopausal women.
Methods & Materials The number of subjects was 55 active postmenopausal women and 60 inactive postmenopausal women aged 45 to 85 years. Serum indices of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase and anthropometric of the subjects were measured. The Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the research data. SPSS software v. 26 was used to analyze the data.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Allameh Tabataba’i University with code IR.ATU.REC.1399.038.
Results The results showed a significant correlation between serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (P=0.021), calcium (P=0.019), and phosphorus (P=0.011) with lumbar bone mineral density in active postmenopausal women and also between body mass index with lumbar bone mineral density in both groups of active (P=0.014) and inactive (P=0.038) postmenopausal women. No significant relationship was found between other indicators.
Conclusion According to the results of the present study, being active may have had beneficial effects on bone metabolism and has led to a better state of bone mineral density. It may also help to use these blood and anthropometric variables in identifying people at risk for osteoporosis in adulthood and old age.
Fatemeh Rostamkhani, Mohammad Ghamari, Vahideh Babakhani, Effat Sadat Merghati Khoei,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim Sexual function is an important part of menopausal women's lives, and changes in it, especially during menopause, can affect their health. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the sexual function of postmenopausal women.
Methods & Materials This research was a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with control group. The statistical population of the study included postmenopausal women who referred to Zanjan Health Center in 2020 to receive services. Among them, 45 were selected using the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to three groups of 15, and control group using randomly assigned block allocation method. Therapeutic sessions were held in 8 sessions and each session was held for 2 hours. Data were collected by FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) and were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures analysis via SPSS software, version 24.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ZUMS.REC.1398.328).
Results In the post-test and follow-up phase, there was a significant difference between both CBT and ACT methods compared to the control group in sexual function respectively (P<0.05, F=17.857), (P<0.05, F=12.115). That is, treatment with CBT and ACT improved the sexual function of postmenopausal women, which had a lasting effect for three months, and there was no significant difference between the groups involved in sexual function (P>0.05, F=0.494).
Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance-based therapy have improved sexual function in postmenopausal women, so it is recommended that these therapies be used to improve the sexual function of postmenopausal women in health centers.
Mrs Fatemeh Jahanshahi, Dr. Morteza Ghasemi, Mr. Pooyan Falahi, Mrs Neda Ghasemi,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The current research was conducted with the aim of "investigating the role of medical staff in health policies during the corona virus pandemic".
Methods: This research is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory research in terms of method.
Results: The statistical population of this research is all the medical staff of Arak city Since access to all these people is not possible; Therefore, the sampling method is used. The data collection tool in this research was a questionnaire. This research was done using the factor analysis model.
Conclusions: The data and information extracted from the factor analysis test showed that: establishing proper communication with patients, interacting with citizens and the government, paying attention to the laws and encouraging others to comply with them, learning specialized training to contain the corona virus, explaining the situation to worried people, Adhering to health protocols and informing others, perception of organizational justice, alignment between individual and organizational goals, transfer of sense of responsibility to the work environment, existence of an efficient evaluation system and encouragement to inject vaccines are the most important role of the medical staff in health policies. They were during the corona disease pandemic.
Mohsen Kamalinia, Dr Kianoush Zahrakar, Mehdi Arab Zadeh,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Resilience is known as a component that plays an important role in tolerating the hardships of the occupational and marital environment. Therefore, it is identified as the main construct of personality, so identifying variables that can predict resilience is important.
Methods: The present study is based on the basic purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive data is correlational with structural equation model. The statistical population of the study included married female nurses in public health centers and hospitals of Alborzand province that 400 of them were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Conor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Denis and Vanderwal Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Granevsky et al., Short Form Skorn and Smith Self Differentiation Questionnaire, and Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale were used. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling test and SPSS 26 and Amos24 software were used.
Results: The critical ratio between cognitive flexibility (r=76.7), cognitive emotion regulation (r = 72.9.), self-differentiation (r = 71.2), marital adjustment (r = 79.6) and resiliency was found at the significance level of 0/01. The results showed that the data fit with the conceptual model of the research. Also, the mediating role of marital adjustment, between cognitive flexibility, self-differentiation and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire on resilience was confirmed. According to the results, to increase the resilience of married female nurses, it is recommended to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this class.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested to the officials of the treatment staff to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this group to increase the resilience of married female nurses.
Toktam Masomi, Doctor Gholamreza Manshaee, Doctor Hadi Farhadi,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness on cortisol levels in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group and a two-month follow-up period. The study population included all individuals with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder who referred to the clinics of the Psychological Services Center and Counseling in Region 3, the Counseling and Psychological Services Center of Welfare in Region 6, and the Aryaz Counseling and Psychological Services of Region 6, Tehran, from April 2022 to the end of autumn 2022.
Results: The sample consisted of 30 individuals (10 males and 20 females) with generalized anxiety disorder, selected purposefully and randomly assigned to a treatment group based on virtual reality and mindfulness (15 individuals) and a control group (15 individuals). Pre-test, post-test, and follow-up cortisol levels were measured, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was used as the entry criterion. Subsequently, the experimental group received an eight-session, 17-minute weekly treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness. Participants in this group, while immersed in a virtual environment, watched 360-degree virtual reality videos, "Walking by the Beach" and "Pebbles in the Lake," accompanied by mindfulness audio contemplation, "Being Present and Breathing," and "Wise Mind," using a VR headset and VR-ARBOX. The control group received no treatment.
Conclusions: After completing the interventions, post-tests and two-month follow-ups were conducted. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS23 software, revealing that the combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness was effective in reducing cortisol levels. It is suggested that this combined method is used as a clinical intervention in order to reduce the level of anxiety and cortisol of people suffering from generalized anxiety disorder alone or along with other psychological and pharmaceutical interventions.
Mohammad Douzandeh Nargesi, Zohreh Teymori, Mehnoosh Tavakkolifard,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The stress caused by COVID-19 had affected many people in society, especially individuals at risk. The present study was carried out to investigate, firstly, whether COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug-dependent people undergoing treatment. Secondly, the study was conducted to know whether rumination has an indirect effect on the aggression of substance-dependent people under treatment through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Methods: In this correlational analytical study, 136 patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone who were willing to enter the study were investigated by the available sampling method in two addiction treatment centers in the 1st and 2nd districts. The data collection tools in the present study included the Corona Disease Anxiety Questionnaire, Rumination Questionnaire, and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. After collecting the data, the anxiety score of each participant was measured from 0 to 54, the rumination score from 0 to 88, and the aggression score from 29 to 145. Then, the data was analyzed using Lisrel statistical software.
Results: Findings showed that the direct effect of rumination on aggression is 0.23, which is significant at the P < 0.01 level. Therefore, rumination has a positive and direct effect on aggression. Also, COVID-19-related stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between rumination and aggression in drug addicts under treatment. In addition, the indirect effect of rumination on aggression is 0.25, which is significant. Thus, rumination has an indirect effect on aggression through the mediation of COVID-19-related stress.
Conclusions: According to the high prevalence of psycho-social problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, addiction, job burnout, suicidal thoughts, violence, domestic and post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the post-corona era, we have witnessed a high amount of mental and social injuries in the world. For this reason, governments must screen psychologically vulnerable groups in advance.
Haniyeh Mozafari, Farah Lotfi Kashani, Shahram Vaziri, Mohammad Ismail Akbari,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to analyze the focal relationship of the contribution of mental adaptation to cancer, health literacy, and perceived threat in predicting the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational research. The statistical population of the present study included all women with breast cancer under treatment at Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital Cancer Treatment Center in 2023, and 310 people were determined to participate in the research using G*Power software and the available sampling method. They responded to Williams, Templin, and Hines's breast cancer literacy questionnaires, Champion's perceived threat questionnaire, Watson's mental adaptation to cancer and early diagnosis questionnaire. The data were also analyzed using a focal correlation test and multiple regression.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the contribution variables of mental adaptation, perceived threat, and health literacy with the components of early cancer diagnosis (knowledge, attitude, and actions) (P ≤ 0.01). Also, the results showed that health literacy was 4.8%, mental compatibility was 3.4 percent and perceived threat 18.7% alone predicted the variance of early diagnosis of breast cancer. The perceived threat share is 38.9%, higher than all other variables.
Conclusions: Based on the statistical results, it can be said that increasing mental adaptability, perceived threat, and health literacy play a role in early disease diagnosis, and the importance of perceived threat is more significant than mental adaptability and health literacy, which should be considered.
Azam Mivefroshan, Roghaiyeh Afsargharehbagh,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia, a chronic metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood lipid levels, significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. While pharmacological interventions exist, factors such as medication side effects, cost considerations, and a growing interest in complementary and alternative medicine have stimulated research into the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants in managing hyperlipidemia. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of these botanical agents in reducing blood lipid levels.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across reputable databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and other relevant online platforms. Keywords such as "hyperlipidemia," "herbal medicine," "traditional medicine," "herbal extract," and "herbal therapy" were employed to identify studies published up to 2024. Inclusion criteria were established to select studies that reported the impact of medicinal plants on lipid profile modifications.
Results: Based on the results, the study revealed that various medicinal plants, including Thymus vulgaris, Apium graveolens, Cichorium intybus, Fumaria officinalis, Heracleum rawianum, Anthemis altissima, Gundelia tourneforttii, Cynodon dactylon, Anthriscus sylvestrianum, Solanum nigrum, Arum elongatum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Berberis vulgaris, Rheum ribes, and Mentha spicata, are commonly used in traditional medicine to address hyperlipidemia.
Conclusions: The use of indigenous Iranian medicinal plants for managing hyperlipidemia is deeply rooted in the country’s ancient history and has been increasingly validated by contemporary scientific research. These natural compounds can help lower blood lipid levels by inhibiting fat absorption and boosting lipid metabolism. The growing interest in traditional medicine and medicinal plants can be attributed to their inherent advantages, such as a lower incidence of side effects compared to synthetic drugs. Ongoing scientific research in this field offers promising avenues for developing innovative and effective herbal-based therapies
Parvin Roosta, Sayed Abdollah Sadat Bahreinian, Ghasem Ahi, Mohammad Hassan Ghanifar,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (12-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the problems during adolescence is the existence of conflict with parents, which creates object relationships and feelings of shame and guilt in them. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on the mentalization of object relations and feelings of shame and guilt in conflicting mother-child relationships.
Methods: This research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all mothers and adolescents with conflicting relationships who were referred to counseling centers in Shiraz in 2022. By using the available sampling method, 30 people from the mentioned community were selected as a sample and were randomly divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Asadi et al.'s parent-child conflict questionnaires (2010), Bell's object relations (1995), and Cohen et al.'s (2011) feelings of shame and guilt were used to collect information. The experimental group underwent executive function training for 13 sessions twice a week for 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training. The research data was analyzed using correlation.
Results: The mean ± standard deviation of the experimental group in the post-test in the variable of object relations from 1.5 ± 1.37 to 28.6 ± 4.3 and in the variable of shame and guilt from 5 ± 1.60 to 5.60 ± 3. 51.2 ± 9.1 decreased. The results showed that in the post-test stage, the mean scores of object relations and feelings of shame and guilt in the experimental group decreased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: Treatment based on mentalization was effective in improving object relationships and reducing feelings of shame and guilt. Therefore, this treatment can be suggested to reduce the conflict between adolescents and mothers.
Zahra Zohre Vandi, Narges Babakhani, Afsaneh Taheri,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the lifestyle of improving the health and emotional distress of women undergoing infertility treatment with the in vitro fertilization (IVF) method.
Methods: The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF method referring to the infertility center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the first six months of 2012. In this research, 27 women undergoing infertility treatment with IVF method were selected by voluntary sampling method and replaced by random method in test and control groups. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy (10 sessions) for two and a half months. A health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP) and an emotional distress questionnaire (Lavibond and Lavibond, 1995) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: It showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the lifestyle level improves health (Eta = 0.56, F = 19.74) and has a significant effect on the dimensions of emotional disorders such as depression (P < 0.0001, Eta = 0.58, F = 0.58). F = 34), anxiety (P > 0001; Eta = 0.59; F = 35.69), and stress (P > 0.0001; Eta = 0.61; F = 40.12) of women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF, and has been able to lead to increase a healthy lifestyle, reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in these individuals.
Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy, utilizing six psychological acceptance processes, cognitive breakdown, self under context, interaction with the present, specified values, and committed behavior, can be used as an effective treatment to reduce emotional distress in women undergoing IVF infertility treatment.
Habib Rezaei, Soad Mahfoozpour, Somayeh Hesam, Eiravan Masoodi Asl,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Different organizations are involved in each level of traffic accident prevention. Enhanced collaboration among these organizations leads to more effective and beneficial outcomes in traffic accident prevention across all levels. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the status of inter-sectoral cooperation in the prevention of traffic accidents in selected countries and Iran.
Methods: This research is a comparative study that was conducted in 2022. In this study, sampling was purposeful. The countries compared in the study include Egypt, Turkey, the United States, Australia, Sweden, England, Norway, Denmark, and Iran. These countries were selected based on their successful experiences and positive indicators in the field of research. Valid databases and other related sources were used to collect data. In this study, the findings were compared using a comparative table.
Results: Findings indicated that the incidence of traffic accidents is higher among men than women. Additionally, the incidence rate was highest in Iran and lowest in Norway. The results also showed that organizations and institutions such as the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Ministry of Interior, the National Broadcasting Agency, the Traffic Police, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, and the Ministry of Welfare play the most crucial role in the pre-accident, during-accident, and post-accident phases.
Conclusions: Based on the research findings, it is recommended to develop and implement an integrated model of inter-departmental cooperation to prevent and manage traffic accidents, aiming to decrease casualties and enhance road safety in Iran.
Fatemeh Sadat Fatemi, Aezam Vaziri Nasab, Dr Farshid Khosropour,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, marital infidelity has a significant prevalence among couples, necessitating appropriate interventions to address this destructive behavior. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of reality therapy (RT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on depression and anxiety in women affected by marital infidelity.
Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental study employing a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women affected by marital infidelity who referred to counseling centers in Kerman city in the first half of 2024. Among these women, 45 were selected as a sample and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group (15 participants each) by drawing lots. The first experimental group received reality therapy intervention and the second group received ACT intervention, both comprising eight 60-minute sessions. The research instruments were the the Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) depression and anxiety questionnaires. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Results: The results showed that both Reality Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy were effective in reducing depression and anxiety. Furthermore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy demonstrated significantly greater effectiveness than Reality Therapy in reducing depression and anxiety among women affected by infidelity (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that Bonferoni therapy is a more appropriate approach to reduce the harm caused by marital infidelity in women. The main emphasis of this therapy is on cognitive dissonance, the exercises of which make thoughts less anxiety-provoking.
Alireza Amani, Malihe Safari, Ghodratollah Roshanaei, Alireza Mohamadi, Amir Hamta, Aidin Shakeri, Yasamin Pourandish, Sahar Bayat, Dorsa Beygi, Saeed Jafari,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: The emergency department is an essential part of the health care system in any country, providing 24-hour service to patients requiring urgent medical, surgical, or other care. The main aim of the present study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients referred to the emergency department at the referral center in Arak city.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 226,127 patients referred to the emergency department during 2020-2023. The information in this study was based on the registration system of patients referred to the emergency department in Vali-asr Hospital in Arak. Data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and t-test and Chi-square statistical tests. The significance level of the tests was considered P < 0.05.
Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of patients was 36.3 (20.5) years with an age range of (1-103). 147,088 patients were male (65%). Death occurred in 2,633 (1.2%) patients. More than 50% of patients were referred between 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM. Hospital admission was required for 32.1% of patients. 63% underwent surgical procedures. A statistically significant association was observed between gender, age, year of visit, season, time of visit and surgical procedures with the type of admission and the condition of the patient at the time of discharge (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Understanding the epidemiology and the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients can facilitate timely planning for staff deployment and resource allocation. This can help prevent overcrowding, improve patient outcomes, and increase patient satisfaction through effective management.
Mr Sajad Rozegar, Akbar Rezaeifard,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common neurotic diseases, which often occurs between the ages of 20-40, and women are affected twice as often as men. The aim of the present study was the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance of patients with MS.
Materials and Methods: The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients with MS who referred to Hafez Hospital (Imam Reza (AS) and Shahid Motahari Hospital) in Shiraz. Among the statistical population, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of therapy based on acceptance and commitment. In order to collect research data, cognitive flexibility questionnaire by Dennis and Vanderwal (2010), psychological symptoms questionnaire by Najarian et al (2010) and medication adherence questionnaire by Moriski et al. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software (version 24).
Results: The results of the analysis of the research findings showed that there is a significant difference between the average scores of psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance in the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). In other words, treatment based on acceptance and commitment to psychological symptoms, psychological flexibility and treatment compliance of patients with MS has been effective.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this research, it can be said that one of the useful therapeutic approaches to help improve the psychological variables of MS patients is the therapeutic approach based on acceptance and commitment.
Fatemeh Shariati, Majid Pourfaraj,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence is a stressful stage that can affect the mental health and social adjustment of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance and social adjustment in adolescents with social anxiety.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of male high school students with social anxiety in district one of Babol city, who were studying in the 2022-2023 academic year. From this population, 45 individuals who met the study's entry criteria were selected via purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to three groups (15 in the first experimental group, 15 in the second experimental group, and 15 in the control group). Data were collected using the Bell Social Adjustment Inventory (1961) and the Simmons & Gaher Distress Tolerance Scale (2005). The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) (P < 0.05).
Results: The findings showed that cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy caused a significant increase in distress tolerance and social adjustment of adolescents with social anxiety (P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these treatments on distress tolerance and social adjustment.
Conclusions: The results showed that the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance is not different. Therefore, these two treatment methods can be recommended to improve distress tolerance and social adaptation in adolescents with social anxiety.
Narges Miranisargazi, Ms Mina Dehnoo Khalaji, Seyedeh Fatemeh Morshedi Sherbaf, Leyla Samavi, Maeideh Bina,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (1-2026)
Abstract
Introduction: The problems in the field of sexual function and personality that most women with vaginismus face, highlight the need for research and increased attention to this area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy and group psychotherapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method on sexual function and personality disorders in women with vaginismus.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the statistical population included all women with vaginismus in Alborz, Kermanshah, and Torbat Jam. Among them, 60 were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups (20 in each group). The Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (Rosen, 1997) and the Personality Disorder Questionnaire (Kohl & Kazen, 2009) were used to collect data. The first experimental group underwent emotional schema therapy intervention (10 sessions) and the second experimental group underwent group psychotherapy based on the matrix method of acceptance and commitment (6 sessions), and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Multivariate analysis of covariance, analysis of variance, and t-test were used to analyze the research data.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between emotional schema therapy and acceptance and commitment-based group psychotherapy and the control group in the post-test of sexual function variables (P=0.000, F=26.53) and personality disorders (P=0.000, F=7.27). Also, the effect size for sexual function variables and personality disorders in the first and second intervention groups and the control group was 49.7% and 33.9%, respectively.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that emotional schema therapy intervention has a greater effect on sexual function than group therapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method, and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment using the matrix method has a greater effect on personality disorders in women with vaginismus than emotional schema therapy.
