Showing 32 results for yousefi
Rasoul Yousefi Mashouf,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Autumn 2000)
Abstract
Burn wound is one of the most common causes which damaged skin, followed by different bacteria infections. The aim of this study is to identify causetive agents of burn wound infections and also to determine sensitivity of isolated to current antibiotics. In a cross-sectional descriptive study a total of 465 burned patients who hospitalized in Imam Khomeini hospital of Hamadan were investigated during 1996-1998. The samples were also collected from different parts of burns section and identified by standard methods. The drugs sensitivity of isolates were detected by agar disk diffusion of Kirby Bauer method. In this study causes and rate of burning were studied in burn patients 538 bacterial strains were isolated and frequency of Pseudomonas was 32.7%. This was followed by Klebsiella 24.8% and Staphilococus aureus 21.2%. The most effective antibiotic were ciprpfloxacin, ceftazidime and amikacin. The most cause of burning was because of boiled water 32.8% and lowest cause was vecause of cooler, 73.6% burns was unintentional and 26.4% intentional. The results of present study indicated that the burn wound infection still is a major problem in hospitals. Bacterial drugs resistance is also other problem for burned patients, S0, prevention and control of hospital acquired infections is necessary for burn section of hospitals.
Ali Nasimi, Sadegh Yousefi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (Spring 2005)
Abstract
Parsa Yousefi, Fteneh Dorre, Ali Cyrus,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Hydronephrosis in infancy and childhood is a frequent urinary malformation. We were unable to find any reports concerning rate and causes of hydronephrosis in Iranian children therefore, we decided to evaluate it, in under 12 years old children. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study done in a 9-month period starting from Novemger 2004. All children under 12 years old who had visited Amir Kabir hospital of Arak for UTI or FTT were enlisted and an ultrasonography was requested. If hydronephrosis was detected, then a VCUG was performed. For those with normal VCUG results, if hydronephrosis persisted in the follow up sonography, the next step was an IVP or DTPA scan. Results: 65 patients (39 girls and 26 boys) were evaluated for hydronephrosis. 18.5% presented with FTT , 75.4% with UTI and 6.1% with FTT+UTI. The most prevalent causes of hydronephrosis were VUR (40%) and UPJO (23.5%). Grade I hydronephrosis was the most prevalent form (65%), however when VUR was present , it was mostly grades III or IV (27% and 19% respectively). 70% of girls and 31% of boys had VUR and the average age at the time of diagnosis was 2-3 years. Conclusion: Vesicouretero reflux and UPJO are the most prevalent causes of hydronephrosis and must be evaluated in children with hydronephrosis.
Parsa Yousefi, Ali Cyrous, Fatemeh Dorre, Shadi Pirasteh,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic and relapsing abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons that bring children to pediatric clinics. About 20% of these children are suffering from idiopathic hypercalciuria. Since Hydrochlorothiazide is effective in relieving hypercalciuria, we assessed its effects on reducing these relapsing pains in girls with idiopathic hypercalciuria. Materials and Methods:In this single blind clinical trial study, 100 girls, aged 5-12 years old, with chronic relapsing abdominal pain and hypercalciuria were divided to two groups by random block design. All children and their parents were trained about consuming plenty of liquids and decreasing salt in foods. In addition to these measures, Hydrochlorothiazide (1 mg/kg/day) was also administered to children in the case group. The control group was assessed for the number of abdominal pain episodes for 3 months following the commencement of the diet and the case group for 3 months after becoming normocaciuric. The results were analyzed by T-test. Results: The mean number of pain episodes in Hydrochlorothiazide group in the first, second, and third months were 0.38, 0.4, and 0.26 respectively much lower than the corresponding months in the control group which were 1.60,1.94, and 1.84 in that order (p<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that single dose daily Hydrochlorothiazide is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of chronic relapsing abdominal pain in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria.
Mahsa Yousefinia, Ahmad Amani,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction:Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. This study was done to assess lipid profiles according to sex and place of residence in the urban and rural area of Arak for controlling cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods:This descriptive study is the first phase of healthy heart program which was done in Arak. Sampling was randomized cluster. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and paraclinical test results (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c ,and Triglyceride). Data was analyzed using T-student, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. Results: Of 4303 individuals over 30 years, 51.6% were female. Total cholesterol, LDL-c and HDL-c disturbances were more in female (p<0.05) but there was not a sigmifiant difference between male and female in triglyceride disturbance. The increase in serum lipids was signfiantly different in urban and rural areas, in which total cholesterol and LDL-c disturbances were more in rural and triglyceride disturbance was more in urban areas (p<0.0001). Conclusion: High prevalence of dyslipidemia in the studied region can be related to unhealthy life style, nutrition and inadequate physical activity, so dyslipidemia and cadiovascular diseases could be decreased by changing lifestyle.
Mehrdad Shahrani, Fatemeh Nabavizade, Mahmoud Rafian, Hedayat Shirzad, Morteza Hashemzade, Hossein Yousefi, Reza Khadivi, Asadolah Amini, Bahman Khalili, Ghorbanali Rahimian,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Allium Sativum (garlic) is used widely in the world, especially in Iran. This plant is used in cooking foods as an odorant. In Iran it is believed that it is useful for gastrointestinal disorders. So in this study the effect of Allium Sativum extract on acid and pepsin secretion in rat is investigated. Materials and Methods: This experimental study is performed on two groups of rats (12 in each group: control group and allium sativum group). After anesthesia with nesdonal (50 mg/kg, ip), rats had gone under surgical tracheotomy, laparatomy and gasterodeodenostomy. In garlic group Allium Sativum extract (100mg/kg) was introduced into the stomach by gasterodeodenostomy canula. In order to stimulation of acid and pepsin secretion, Pentagastrin was used (25mcg/kg, ip). Stomach secretion was washed out and acid was measured using titerimetery and pepsin using Anson method. Data was analyzed using t-test. Results: Allium Sativum caused a meaningful increase in acid and pepsin secretion in garlic group comparing to control group (p<0.001). Pentagastrin also increased acid and pepsin secretion in control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Using garlic in nutritional regimen causes an increase in acid and pepsin secretion in those using this plant.
Parsa Yousefi, Ali Cyrus, Fatemeh Dorreh, Masoumeh Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Children with reflux who fail prophylaxis management or reflux which do not resolve spontaneously are candidates for sugery. Delay in surgery increases the development of new renal scars. Finding a modal factor for prediction of reflux resolution likelihood can decrease complications of treatments. Regarding that sacral bone anomalies have a direct influence on the final function of urinary and bowel systems, this study is done to investigate the relationship between sacral ratio and reflux. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. The case group included 76 children less than 9 years old refered to Vali-e-Asr and Amir Kabir hospital clinics with urinary tract infection and according to voiding cystouretrograply (VCUG) results, children with III, IV and V grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) entered the study. The control group included 76 children with previous urinary tract infection and normal VCUG. Sacral ratio in the two groups was measured and was compared by student t, Chi square and Mann Whitney tests. Results: The case group included 24 males and 52 females with average age of 2.7 years old and the control group included 23 males and 53 females with the average age of 3 years. The percent of sacral ratio abnormality were 40% and 23.7% in the case and control groups respectively, which was significantly different (p=0.001). The difference between the mean sacral ratio in case group with the value of 80% and the control group with the value of 84% was not different. The ratio distribution pattern in the two groups was not different. Conclusion: The percent of sacral ratio abnormality in children with vesicoureteral reflux were more than children without reflux.
Parsa Yousefi, Ali Cyrous, Masod Moslehabadi, Mona Haji Agha Bozorgi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background: Developmental anomalies in sacral bone have been recognized as one of the causes of urinary incontinence. Sacral ration was suggested as a valuable scale in determining the sacral bone health. According to insufficient studies in this field and variation in results, a determination of relationship between sacral ratio (SR) with primary enuresis were seemed imperative. Materials and Methods: In a cross sectional-analytic study, two groups (n=59) of 5-9 year-old children who admitted in pediatric and urology clinics of Amir Kabir hospital in one year were determined. Primary enuresis group with normal urine-analysis and ultrasonography, no history of dysuria, frequency, and urgency and control group without primary enuresis were selected. The mean ratio between the greatest widths of the sacral bone to its greatest length in the AP radiogram was compared between both groups. Results: In case group, 98.3% had normal SR. The mean ratio of greatest width to length was 0.89. There were not a significant relationship between gender and normal or abnormal SR. In control group, 88.1% had normal SR. The mean ratio of greatest width to length was 0.91. Girls more than boys had normal SR. Significant difference between mean ratio of SR and greatest width to length in both groups were not seen. Conclusion: Significant relationship between SR with primary enuresis in 5-9 year-old children was not seen.
Parsa Yousefi, Bahman Salehi, Taherreh Sanginan,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2010)
Abstract
Background: Noticing the sensitivity and restlessness of medical centers, aggression in the workplace as an agitating factor is one of the dangers of medical profession that is threatening to the health and hygiene of the society. The aim of this study was to determine the types and contributing factors of aggression toward physicians and students of medicine in hospitals of Arak in 2009. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 of accessible physicians and students of medicine working in hospitals of Arak in 2009. A self-made questionnaire, containing 14 questions which surveyed the status of aggressions, was used. Results: On the whole, 205 individuals returned the forms. Most of them (71.7%) had faced a form of oral, physical, or sexual aggression and had been violated by a male companion of patients. They also viewed the use of drugs or alcohol by patients or their companions, lack of security facilities, patients’ death, and lack of educational possibilities for the prevention, as influential factors in the occurrence of aggression. The majority of participants saw increasing the security personnel, presence of psychological counselors and psychologists of the ward, increasing the rest hours, decreasing the work hours of the physicians, and having a codified program for the prevention of aggression, as anti-aggression factors. Conclusion: Oral and then physical aggression toward physicians are quite prevalent. Hence, taking immediate actions and providing useful instructions for prevention are of priority in designing effective programs.
Parsa Yousefi Chaijan, Fatemeh Dorre, Zahra Moghaddasi, Maryam Mashayekhi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background : Urine tract infection(UTI) among children is the most prevalent bacterial infection and the second prevalent infection after Viral Flu.Regarding this cfact that urine culturing has very important role in diagnisis and perseverance of this disease and sampling method has significant effect on this disease remedy.
In this study the effect of genital area ablution on decreasing the contamination of urine culture is examined.
Methods and Materials: This study is in the form of case_controlled.In this study 620 little girls (3-12 years –old) referring to Amir Kabir children special clinic are examined.Population under investigation was cpatients who had not history of taking antibiotic during last seven days, sondage and genital anomaly and inflammation and genital discharge.
Patients were randomly entered in two different groups one with ablution and the other without ablution.After data collection, available inputs were statistically analyzed with SPSS and the effect of genital area ablution was determined on decreasing the contamination of urine culture.
Results: Among 310 patients in with_ablution group 11 patients were reported UTI(3/7%).3 patients were contaminated (1%),296 patients were normal (95/3%).Among 310 patients in the second group,14 patients were reported UTI(4/7%),6 patients were contaminated(2%),290 patients were normal(93/3%).Contamination rate in with_ablution group were 1% and in the other group was 2%Based on Pvalue :0/491 in both groups no significant statistically difference were found between these two groups and the analysis result distribution in both groups in a=0/05 level were statistically the same.
Conclusion: In both group no significant statistically difference were found between these two groups ,so we concluded that the genital area ablution doesn’t have such an effect on decreasing the contamination of urine culture and we don’t suggest ablution of genital area in children before providing urine sampling.
Zohre Yousefi, Fatemeh Homaei, Sara Rafiei,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (11-2011)
Abstract
Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and one of its most desirable treatments is tamoxifen. The reported side effect associated with tamoxifen is endometrial thickness and increased risk of endometrial cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of tamoxifen on the endometrial thickness in amenorrhea breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted in Radiotherapy Departments of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences over a period of seven years.162 patients treated with tamoxifen whose bleeding cycle had been disrupted were selected and the relationship between tamoxifen usage and endometrial thickness was investigated in them. In addition, the relationship between abnormal vaginal bleeding and the ultra sonographic findings was assessed. Data analysis was done by using t-test and Chi-square test.
Results: There was a significant relationship between tamoxifen usage and abnormal endometrial thickness while the greatest relationship was observed in the first year of treatment.
The relationship between abnormal vaginal bleeding and abnormal endometrial sonographic findings was significant (P=0.001). The incidence of endometrial cancer in tamoxifen users was more than general population (0.61% vs. 0.1%).
Conclusion: Considering the findings of this study, in the presence of abnormal sonographic and clinical observations indicating abnormal vaginal bleeding, pathological evaluation of the endometrial biopsy should be carried out for patients who use tamoxifen.
Nafiseh Gazerani, Fatemeh Nahidi, Parsa Yousefi, Alireza Abadi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (April-May 2012)
Abstract
Background: Infantile colic is a behavioral syndrome characterized by severe crying without a specific cause in healthy under three-month-old infants. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of infant massage and rocking on the duration and frequency of crying time in colicky infants.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial involved 100 infants 1-2 weeks of age with colic who referred to Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran, in 2010. The infants were randomly assigned to massage group (n=50) and rocking group (n=50). In the massage group, mothers were recommended to massage their child three times a day for 7 days. In the rocking group, mothers were recommended to rock their child during crying every day for 7 days. In both groups, mothers recorded infant crying durations during one week in a checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The mean difference of total crying times and durations were 8.34 and 4.12 during the first day and 4.26 time/day and 1.32 hour/day during the last day in the massage group, whereas in the rocking group, these values were 7.50 and 2.42 in the first day and 6.94 and 2.14 hour/day in the last day, respectively. The means of crying times and durations in the massage group were more than those of the rocking group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Infant massage can reduce the duration of crying in colicky infants and it can enhance the relationship between mother and child and their relaxation
Ahmadreza Ghandi, Parsa Yousefi, Hosseinali Hadi, Ahmadreza Behrouzi, Aahdieh Sadat Ghafari,
Volume 15, Issue 7 (December 2012)
Abstract
Background: Transient hip tenosynovitis is one of the common causes of pain and limping in children and includes 0.4% to 0.9% of admissions in emergency wards. The aim of this study is to evaluate this disease in terms of clinical presentations, age and sex distribution, and six-month recurrence. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 children with diagnosis of transient hip tenosynovitis were investigated. Inclusion criteria were physician's clinical suspicion of acute tenosynovitis according to clinical presentations, physical exam, and age range of 3 to 8 years. Results: Among the 51 children with tenosynovitis, 34 patients were male with age of 61.70±19.1 months and 17 patients were female with mean age of 48.35±20.49 months that presented a significant statistical difference (p=0.026). The most common complaint was hip pain and the most commonly involved joint was the hip. Also, most of the patients had the history of viral diseases. Conclusion: Transient hip tenosynovitis is more common in boys. The right hip is the most involved joint and the majority of patients have the history of recent viral diseases.
Mahnaz Edalat-Nejad, Rezvan Sadeqi, Parsa Yousefichaijan, Mahdie Qaffari,
Volume 15, Issue 9 (February 2013)
Abstract
Background: Adequately delivered hemodialysis dose has been shown to have a distinct impact upon the morbidity and mortality of patients on chronic dialysis therapy. Online conductivity monitoring (OCM) using sodium flux as a surrogate for urea allows for repeated measurement of hemodialysis adequacy in each treatment session. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 156 treatment sessions in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis were assessed by measurement of the conductivity performed by Diascan in AK 96 dialysis machines. Dialysis adequacy was measured by daugirdas logarithmic estimates of single-pool Kt/V. Values of calculated Kt/V and simultaneously obtained online Kt/V were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using paired sample t-test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between calculated Kt/V and online Kt/V in this study. The mean calculated Kt/V was 1.1±0.18 and mean online Kt/V was 0.77±0.32 (p<0.001). There was a moderate correlation between calculated Sp Kt/V and on-line Kt/V (r =0.44, p=0.012). Conclusion: Despite the underestimation of hemodialysis adequacy by online conductivity monitoring in comparison with Sp Kt/V, it is a useful tool in clinical practice.
Mohsen Rezazadeh, Rasoul Yousefi Mashouf, Hossein Sarmadyan, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is considered a common pathogenic factor in infections. Increase in infections caused by this bacterium in developing countries has led to many problems. The aim of this study is to identify the antibiotic patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in the central hospital of Arak.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 100 samples were isolated from hospital patients during one year. The isolates sensitivity to cefoxitin and oxacilin disks were evaluated through disk diffusion. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the isolates were tested for the presence of mecA gene. Finally, antibacterial resistance patterns of the isolates to 13 antibiotics were determined.
Results: In this study, 80 samples in a total of 100 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin-resistant. Evaluation and assessment of antibiotic resistance showed the greatest resistance to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (88.50%), levofloxacin (85.70%), and ciprofloxacin (85.70%), respectively, while the lowest levels of resistance were observed to antibiotics chloramphenicol (5.70%), netilmicin (5.70%), and mupirocin (0%), respectively.
Conclusion: This study showed increased resistance to different antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus that is a serious warning to the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium in the region. Therefore, in order to prevent increased resistance to other antibiotics, it is essential to withhold prescriptions and unessential use of available antibiotics.
Fazad Zamani, Parsa Yousefi, Mohammad Rafeei, Neda Saleh Jafari,
Volume 16, Issue 7 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Adenoidal hypertrophy is a common condition of childhood, when abstructive sleep apnea ocurs adenoidectomy is indicated. In less sever cases, non surgical interventions maybe considered, however few medical altematives are currently available. Intranasal steroids used to reduce nasal airway obstruction. The aim of this study to assesthe effectiveness of intranasal corticosteroids for improving nasal airway obstruction and in children with adenoid hypertrophy.
Materials and methods: 77 children 1-12 years exhibiting adenoid hypertrophy symptom and confirmed with radiologic imaging and without tonsilar hypertropy that not inclined to surgery were included and divided two groups in one group were treatend with intranasal betanethason 3 times daily for 3 weeks and and second group treatend with intranasal NACL as placebo. The subjects were assessed for airway obstruction symptoms including, snoring mounth breathing and prulaunt rhinorea, via questionarre ear examination, first month and third month of treatment.
Results: Intranasal betanethasone improved airway obstruction symptoms especially night snoring but hadn’t effective on other symptoms and infection complications including rhinorea.
Conclusion: Intranasal betanethasone can be used as alterative treatment for adenoidal hypertroply because its effect on airway obstruction symptoms due to probably reduction adenoideal size.
Fatemeh Dorreh, Parsa Yousefi, Javad Javaheri, Babak Eshrati, Zahra Amiri,
Volume 16, Issue 8 (11-2013)
Abstract
background: Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent mental retardation in congenital Hypothyroidism (CH). The aim of this study was to evaluating of screening program of CH in Markazi Province.
Materials and Methods: In cross sectional descriptive study we used recorded data in Markazi province health center. From 2006 to 2012,127112 newborns were screened by measurement of serum TSH level by heel prick. Neonates who had blood TSH&ge5MIU/L were recalled for more evaluation. Neonates with confirmed hypothyroidism underwent treatment.
Results: From127112 screened neonates, 414 were diagnosed as CH patients (both permanent and transient). The prevalence of CH was . Recall rate was 4.8%. In 94.4% of patients, treatment were begun before the 40th day of life. The coverage percent in the province was 100% from the second year of the program.
Conclusion: Recall rate and the incidence of CH were higher than those in other studies, both in Iran and other countries. The mean age of treatment initiation and coverage percent were in favorable range.
Somaye Ghaderi, Fatemeh Alaee Karahrudi , Parsa Yousefi Chaijan , Navideh Nasiri Oscui ,
Volume 16, Issue 10 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: Hospitalization of a child in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a very stressful experience for parents. High stress in father can product decline in psychological adaptation and associated problems. The present study aimed to determine effect of fathersʼ participation in the care of hospitalized child in PICU on fathersʼ stress and coping strategies.
Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial with 60 fathers with children admitted to the PICU in intervention and control groups. Fathers in intervention group, participated in the care of the child in 5 times, during a 5-days course. Fathersʼ stress and coping strategies were surveyed in intervention group before and after participation course and in control group before and after a 5-days course.
Results: Fathersʼ stress in intervention group decreased significantly after participation (p˂0.001) but in control group difference was not significant after time course. Fathers in both groups applied similar coping strategies that majority were emotion focused.
Conclusion: Fathers having children in PICU would experience a lot of stress. Their participation in the care of the children would be very effective to decline their stress and reach most adaptation with disease, cure and cares in children.
Habib Soheili, Parsa Yousefi Chaijan, Anita Alaghmand, Bahman Sadeghi Saddeh, Amin Tavasoli, Mahdyieh Naziri,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis affects 40% of general population and has an increasing prevalence. Sleep disturbance is an important problem in individuals with allergic rhinitis. Recent studies have shown that 68% of cases with perennial rhinitis and 48% with seasonal rhinitis have impaired sleep.
Materials and Methods: In this case-report study, 33 children with allergic rhinitis aging 6-18 years entered the study. Thirty five children without allergic rhinitis entered the study as control group. A questionnaire containing demographic data and types of sleep disorders filled for every child.
Results: Except respiratory disorder, there was no other significant difference between groups in any sleep disorder. Sixteen children (48.5%) in case group has respiratory disorder while none of control children were involved (P=0.0).
Conclusion: Nasal congestion is the main factor involved in sleep impairment in children with allergic rhinitis. Therefore, it seems that it is the first symptom to be treated.
Parsa Yousefichaijan, Mahdieh O Sadat Ghafari, Hasan Taher Ahmadi, Leila Farajzadeh, Azam Zamamiyan,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background: Pediatricians frequently confront with elevated body temperature in children and subsequent anxious parents. They practice several approaches in management of fever. A recently addressed issue is administration of alternating doses of acetaminophen and Ibuprofen. This method is relatively common , despite lack of sufficient evidence in this field.
Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial. A total of 240 children, aged 6 months to 12 years suffering from gastroenteritis was recruited in this research. Children were classified in 3 groups. First group received Acetaminophen, second group received Ibuprofen and third group were treated with acetaminophen – Ibuprofen every other day alternately.
Results: 240 child were taken apart in this research . 112 ones were female (46.66%) and 128 were male (53.33%). The mean time of lowering fever in the first group was 2.07 days. This figure in the second and third groups were 1.82 and 1.87 respectively. Average doses in the first, second and third groups were (in order) 9, 8.17 and 7.13 doses. Medication in the first group minimum effectiveness rather than two other groups.
Conclusion: The alternating regimen of Acetaminophen – Ibuprofen is more effective than monotherapy in reduction of fever in infants and children between 6 months to 12 years.
