Showing 21 results for momeni
Ali Goorabchi, Aliakbar Momeni , Mohammad Mohammadi,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (Summer 1997)
Abstract
Diagnosis of brucellea is hand for the variations or clinical appearances to isolate of brucella from clinical samples in determined diagnosis. The main part of diagnosis is serologic studies. Syndrome has several diagnosis methods. Standard tubal wright agglutination (STA) has the most usage. Several factors are involved in final determination of wright titter. It is complicated to diagnosis. Involved factors should be control in specific conditions. It should be clarify that different conditions have difference responses.
The study concluded:
2. severalexaminationonserologicsampleunsimultanously.
The responsesaredifferentinaboveexperiments.Innegativereactionalloftheresponsesarenegative(100%) in1-20 concentration80%ofcaseshavestabletitterand20%has1- 40titterand1-40 – 1-320 concentrationtheresultisdifferentandfornonsynchronizedtoo.Righttestsynchronizationcantakedifferentresultsincomparisontopreviousexams.
Hamidreza Momeni, Afsane Elyasi,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Summer 2000)
Abstract
In this research, factors such as animal handling, needle effect for saline injection and blood sampling from retro-orbital sinus, etc… were considered as stress-producing factors. Before percutaneous injection of the sterile saline for determination of the blood glucose base and at certain times after injection, serial blood samples were obtained from retro-orbital sinus and then the blood glucose was measured. The experiments showed that one-time injection of 10mg/kg saline caused a little hyperglycemia and two-time injection of saline at the interval of 90 minutes caused a significant hyperglycemic response in comparison to control group of the mice which received one-time injection of saline. The results of the studies indicate that stress-producing factors cause stimulation of sympathoadrenal and hypothalamus – hypophisis- adrenal axel and as a result it causes an increase in plasma catecolamines and cortisole and finally by different mechanisms causes hyperglycemia.
Abas Ali Pourmomeni,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (Summer 2001)
Abstract
The most commonest entrapment mononeuropathy is carpal tunnel syndrome. This syndrome is associated with hypothyroidism, acromegaly, amyloidosis, pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, … and idiopathic. The aim of this study was evaluation and prevalence of sign and symptom in this sundrome. All patients with upper extremity pain were referred to EMG lab studied. Inclusion criteria was conduction study and exclusion criteria was other Entrapments and radiculopathies . 1024 hands from 745 patient were selected. In this study T females were affected more than males. Most age (8/1) was 36 to 50 years(48.4%). Right hand 44.3% and left hand 21.3% and bilateral 35.4%. Neoturnal pain was dominate sign (74%), phalen test 62%, paresthesia in hand 57%, tinel sign 47.9%. Different sensory between index & little finger was 43.1%. There is significant correlation between distal)motor 7 sensory) and phalen test. Also there is significant relation phalen test 7 tunnel sign.
Nasrin Roozbahani, Fereshteh Narenji, Sharareh Khosravi , Mahtab Attarha, Masoumeh Hashemi, Jamshid Momeni Esfahani,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Sex ratio is referred to male, female ration which is usually 1.06. This ratio is decreased during the last few years. One of its reasons seems to be poisons and environmental pollutions such as cigarette smoke. In this investigation we studied the relationship between fathers cigarette smoking and sex ratio in children.
Materials and Methods: This is a historical cohort study. Study population were neonates born in Arak hospitals during summer and autumn 1383. Sample size was determined 710 neonates, based on α=5%, β=10%. Sampling method was census in which all newborns with inclusion criteria were selected and questionnaires were filled. Samples were divided into three groups. 1-newborns with nonsmoker fathers 2- newborns with smoker fathers (less than 20 cigarette a day) 3- newborns with smoker fathers (20 or more cigarettes a day) (fathers cigarette smoking at least 3 months before conception in second and third group). Newborns sex ratio was determined in each group and caparisoned. Data analysis was done by frequency, ratio, mean and standard deviation indexes and k-s, leven, t, mann-whitney, chi square tests and relative risk, using SPSS software. At all stages study Helsinki declaration was regarded.
Results: Overall sex ratio was 1.04. This ratio was 1.272 for neonates with nonsmoker fathers and 0.77 for neonates with smoker fathers. Also sex ratio in newborns with smoker fathers using less than 20 cigarettes a day was 0.846 and for those with fathers using 20 or more was 0.60. Based on chi square there was a meaningful relationship between the three groups (p<0.00001). Relative risk in low cigarette group was 1.23 and in high cigarette group 1.42.
Conclusion: Based on findings it seems that fathers cigarette smoking near conception results in decreasing sex ratio and the increased use of cigarettes the decreased born of male neonates.
Ahmad Sarvarian, Jamal Falahati, Jamshid Momeni, Ameneh Alaeen, Zahra Mohammadi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (6-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Cataract is a type of tarnish observable opacity in different layers constituting the lens and will cause light occlusion or scattering. Necessity for treatment of Cataract via surgery and its close relation with corneal astigmatism, when we applied a new method in cutting and type of cataract surgery, led us to measure the post-operation corneal astigmatism changes in frown incision Phacosection. Materials and Methods: This interventional study has been done on 73 eyes(58 patients). These patients were gone under Cataract surgery via no stitch frown incision scleral tunnel phacosection method. In this study we have 7mm external scleral incision with no suture. They were Keratometerized in four separate periods including pre-operation, one week, one month and three months post- operation. Data was analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. Results: Age, sex and left or right eye had no influence on astigmatism. Mean pre- operation astigmatism was 0.84 ± 0.87D, mean astigmatism 1 week post- operation was 0.27 ± 0.88 D, 1 month post- operation 0.06 ± 0.82 D, and three months post-operation was -0.03 ± 0.85 D (P= 0.0001). Before operation, 80% of the patients did have an astigmatism rate less than 1D that increased to 94.5% in three months period after operation and in 89% of the cases, the ultimate change in astigmatism has been found lower than 1D. The obtained information revealed that there is a meaningful difference between pre-operation astigmatism and the same after one week, one month and three months post-operation(P= 0.0001). Independent sample t and paired t-test were used to analyse data. Conclusion: Our study indicated that the no stitch frown incision scleral tunnel phacosection surgery can reduce pre-op corneal astigmatism, and because of induction of the slight controlled astigmatism we can apply this technique for all cataractic patients
Mohammad Ali Shariatzade, Naser Mahdavi, Malak Soleimani Mehranjani, Hamidreza Momeni,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background: One of the best examples of epimorphic regeneration in the mammals is the formation of new tissues formed from blastema in holes punched in the ears of rabbits. The aim of this research is to investigate speed and percentage of regeneration in different geometrical shaped holes and different regions of rabbit's ear. Methods and Materials: In this experimental research different region of rabbit's ear (proximal, medial and distal) were punched as different geometrical shaped holes (circlc, quadrangle and triangle) with the same area (50 mm2) Ubyg a puncher which designed for this purpose. The regeneration of wounds was evaluated and the percentage of regeneration was calculated. After punching, each 3 days (36-40 days). Results: Results showed speed and percentage of regeneration in circular holes was significantly (P<0.05) more than quadrangular and triangular holes. In addition, regeneration speed of holes located in proximal regions of ear, was more than peripheral holes. Conclusion: Wound regeneration in rabbit's ear is related to the geometrical shape of holes. Speed and the percentage of regeneration in circular shapes is more than angular shapes.
Bijan Yazdi, Jamshid Momeni, Alireza Akbari,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background: Pain following propofol injection was reported between 28- 90 %. Ketamine have lesser cardiovascular depression effect and also local anesthetic effect. In this study effect of ketamin were analyzed when it given before propofol injection. Methods and Materials: In a randomized double blind clinical trial selected 120 ASA I, II Ptients with 15-65 years old. They were candidated for elective surgery, in half of the patients 100 µg/kg ketamine in 2 ml volume and in another half, 2 ml distilled water were given before propofol injection. Severity of injection pain was evaluated according to 4 scale criteria (none, mild, moderate, or severe) fifteen seconds after injection of 25% of the calculated dose of propofol. Heart rate (HR) and noninvasive blood pressure were recorded before and after propofol injection, immediately and 3 minutes after intubation. The data were analysed by Mann Whitney U, Pooled t-Test and the Chi-squared test. Results: Pain was not sensed in 51.56% and 75% of control and case groups respectively. In cases group showed little decrease in systolic and diastolic pressures after anesthetic induction (p=0.012 and p=0.005). There were upper diastolic pressures after intubation (p=0.00) and 3 minutes after intubation (p=0.000). During intervention heart rate changes had not significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: Ketamine pre-treatment was an effective method in reducing pain and providing hemodynamic stability after propofol induction.
Malek Soleimani Mehranjani, Hamid Reza Momeni, Mohammad Hosein Abnosi, Parva Nasimi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background: Spinal cord slices culturing from adult mammals could be considered as a suitable in-vitro model for evaluating cellular viability, spinal cord injury and cell death mechanisms. In present study, determining of cell death in motor neurons of cultured spinal cord slices in adult mouse was done. Materials and Methods: In a experimental- laboratory study, thoracic regions of spinal cords from 4 Balb/c mice were cut into 400-µm slices using tissue chopper and incubated in a Co2 incubator at 37˚C for different periods of time. Freshly prepared slices (0h) and cultured slices were fixed and sectioned using cryostat. To study morphological and biochemical features of cell death, fluorescent staining, TUNEL method and agarose gel electrophoresis were used. Results: In freshly prepared slices of motor neurons showed no apoptotic changes. While, 6, 12 and 24h after culturing, this neurons displayed morphological features of apoptosis including cell shrinkage as well as nuclear and chromatin condensation. Also, 6 and 12h after culturing were TUNEL positive. In addition, extracted DNA from cultured slices for 24h were indicated the nucleosomal DNA fragmentation on agarose gel electrophoresis. Conclusion: Results were showed the occurrence of apoptosis in motor neurons of cultured adult mouse spinal cord slices.
Hamid Momeni, Ashraf Salehi, Abolfazl Seraji,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background: Job burnout is a common consequence of job stress among nurses which has negative impacts on the quality patient care and physical and mental health status of nurses and it imposes some expenses on health care system. This research aiming at comparing burnout level among the nurses in Markazi province can offer some solutions for reducing burnout and improving self-esteem in nurses. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, via stratified random sampling, 66 nurses working in the clinical sections of governmental hospitals in Arak, Khomein and Saveh and 33 nursing instructors and nursing faculty members of Arak University of Medical Sciences who had their BSc or MSc in nursing were selected. Maslach Burnout Inventory was then administered to the participants. Results: Mean of Job burnout (40.84%) in this research was higher than that of other similar studies. Mean of emotional exhaustion scores, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were 28.38, 9.41 and 29.31, respectively. The difference between occupational burnout in nurses working in the clinical sections and those in the educational departments were significant in the domain of depersonalization. But in other domains, no statistically significant differences were seen between the two groups. Conclusion: Job burnout among educational and clinical nurses is generally high in Markazi province. This can be decreased through such special ways as increasing job stability and freedom of action, clarification of individual responsibility regarding personal performance and dividing tasks among the members for lowering workload.
Abolfazl Seragi, Hamid Momeni, Ashraf Salehi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background: One way of quitting addiction is forming narcotics anonymous (NA) groups. Noticing the high rate of reappearance of drug usage in these groups, the researchers decided to obtain a proper method of increasing the duration of abandonment period through the analysis of different factors affecting the reappearance of addiction. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional analytical study, all NA members (350 men) in Khomein were evaluated through questionnaire and referral interview. Data related to factors affecting quitting addiction, development of addiction, and reappearance of addiction were analyzed. Results: The most important causes of addiction were enjoyment and curiosity (75.1%), whereas the most important factors in abandonment were weariness and pressure from family (45.4%). Also, 48.9% of individuals had previously relapsed into using narcotic substances. The most important factors in reappearance of addiction in NA groups were unemployment and change in income (12.6%). A significant relationship was found between level of education and place of living and addiction to narcotics (p=0.000), whereas there were no significant relationships between the type of narcotic substance and quitting addiction or the mean age of individuals and trying or not trying to quit. Conclusion: Noticing the high rate of reappearance of narcotics usage in NA groups, it seems that current programs for prevention of addiction have not been successful in this regard. However, based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that provision of employment opportunities after quitting addiction can, to some extent, prevent the reappearance of addiction in NA groups.
Mohammad Husein Abnosi, Malek Soleimani Mehranjani, Hamidreza Momeni, Majid Mahdiyeh Najafabadi, Mozhgan Barati, Elham Shojafar,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2011)
Abstract
Background: Molybdenum is an essential trace element for both animals and plants. Molybdenum (Mo), which functions as a cofactor for a limited number of enzymes including xanthine dehyrogenase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfite oxidase in mammals, is believed to be an essential trace element in animal nutrition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of sodium molybdate against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage. Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, adult male rats received daily oral administrations of different doses of sodium molybdate (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 g/kg bw) along with intrapertioneal CCl4 (50% CCl4 in olive oil, 1 ml/kg bw) twice a week for 28 consecutive days. Results: Histopathological examinations in CCl4-treated rats showed extensive liver injuries characterized by extensive hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, fat degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration while histopathological changes induced by CCl4 were significantly attenuated by sodium molybdate treatment. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that sodium molybdate could protect liver against the CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats, and this hepatoprotective effect might be contributed to the protection of liver by preventing the toxic chemical reactions which generate oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and molecular changes which ultimately lead to liver tissue necrosis.
Seyed Mehdi Shariatzadeh, Hamidreza Momeni, Shahrbanoo Oryan, Neda Baghinia,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (11-2011)
Abstract
Background: Morphine is one of the derivations of opium alkaloids. Contradictory reports exist on hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic effects of morphine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of opioid receptors involved in blood glucose changes in morphine-treated Balb/c mice.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 8 groups of male Balb/c mice (n=6), including group1(morphine), group 2 (naloxone (morphine antagonist) + morphine), group 3 (naltrindole ( receptor antagonist) + morphine), group 4 (norbinaltorphimine ( receptor antagonist) + morphine), group 5 (CTOP ( receptor antagonist) + morphine), group 6 (saline), group 7 (saline + saline), and group 8 (saline + morphine). Blood samples were obtained from retro-orbital sinus at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours after injection. Blood glucose level was measured by enzymatic technique. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The application of morphine resulted in significant hypoglycemia in comparison with the control group which was significantly compensated by naloxone compared to the morphine group. The application of naltrindole could significantly inhibit hypoglycemia induced by morphine compared to the control group, whereas norbinaltorphimine and CTOP failed to do so.
Conclusion: Since naltrindole could compensate for hypoglycemia due to morphine, hypoglycemia caused by morphine is likely to be mediated by opioid receptors
Arash Bayat, Akram Poorbakht, Sanaz Soltanparast, Hasan Hadadzadeh, Golshan Mirmomeni,
Volume 15, Issue 9 (February 2013)
Abstract
Background: Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are faint sounds generated within the inner ear that can be regarded as a sensitive tool for reflecting inner ear status. There are various factors that may influence OAE recording. One such factor that has not been extensively examined to date is body position. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of body position on the OAE responses of adults with normal hearing. Materials and Methods: In an analytic cross-sectional study, 26 normal hearing adults (18-25 years old) were evaluated. Transient OAEs (TEOAEs) were recorded in five different positions: supine, sitting, side-lying, 30°-Up, and 30°-down to evaluate their inner ear function. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 17. Results: Mean TEOAE amplitude values were significantly higher in the side-lying position compared to other positions (P=0.01). The most significant TEOAE amplitude differences were observed at the high frequencies (3000 Hz and 4000 Hz) in side-lying position orientation compared to low and medium frequencies. Conclusion: The results from the present study revealed that body position has a remarkable effect on inner ear function, and this effect is more obvious at high frequencies.
Hamid Reza Momeni, Malek Soleimani Mehranjani , Najmeh Eskandari, Vahid Hemayatkhah Jahromi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (6-2014)
Abstract
Background: Arsenic as an environmental contaminant induces male infertility. Curcumin with potent antioxidant property is able to restrict oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on testis tissue and sperm count in adult mice treated with sodium arsenite.
Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, animals were divided into four groups: control, sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg), curcumin (100 mg/kg) and curcumin+sodium arsenite. Treatments were performed by intraperitoneal injection for five weeks. After treatment period, body weight was recorded. Left testis was dissected, weighed and used for the histopathological study of seminiferous tubules. Left cauda epididymis was also used to count sperm number.
Results: Mice treated with sodium arsenite showed a significant decrease in the sperm count, the diameter of seminiferous tubules and a significant increase in the lumen diameter of tubules compared to control group. In curcumin+sodium arsenite group, curcumin significantly reversed the adverse effects of sodium arsenite on testis and sperm count. Whereas, the treated mice showed no significant difference in body and testis weight as well as morphology and nuclear diameter of spermatogonia between four groups.
Conclusion: Curcumin is able to compensate the toxic effect of sodium arsenite on sperm count and testis in adult mouse.
Hamid Reza Momeni, Hori Sepehri, Mehri Yosefi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background: Aluminum, as an environmental pollutant, has destructive effects by inducing oxidative stress on male reproductive system and sperm. Silymarin, an effective substance extracted from Silybum marianum, is a potent antioxidant which inhibits oxidative stress. Because of toxic effects of aluminum and the antioxidant role of silymarin, this study was performed to investigate if silymarin can prevent the adverse effects of aluminum chloride on plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity in ram sperm.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, epididymal spermatozoa from Farahani's ram are divided into five groups: sperm at 0 hour, sperm at 180 minutes (control), sperm treated with aluminum chloride (0.5mM) for 180 minutes, sperm treated with silymarin (0.5μM) + aluminum chloride (0.5μM) for 180 minutes and sperm treated with silymarin (0.5μM) for 180 minutes. To evaluate sperm plasma membrane integrity and sperm acrosome integrity, propidium iodide-Hoechst and comassie brilliant blue staining were used, respectively. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant level.
Results: The percentage of sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly decreased in aluminum chloride group compared to the control. The simultaneous use of silymarin+aluminum chloride could significantly compensate the adverse effects of aluminum chloride on the sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity compared to aluminum chloride.
Conclusion: Aluminum chloride induces toxic effect on ram sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity and silymarin is able to compensate the adverse effect this pollutant on these parameters.
Niloufar Darbandi, Hamidreza Momeni, Mahshid Tajiani,
Volume 20, Issue 10 (1-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer is a neurodegenerative disease wich caused memory impairment, reduced cognitive functions, intellectual ability and behavior changes. In this study, the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) as a strong antioxidant on memory deficiency and number of CA1 pyramidal neurons in Streptozotocine (STZ) - induced Alzheimeric rats were studied.
Materials and Methods: 32 Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham group, streptozotocin group, treated group with streptozotocin plus N-acetyl-cysteine, and treated group with N-acetyl-cysteine alone. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of STZ was done in the first and the third day of surgery and i.p injection of N-acetyl-cysteine was done in the fourth of surgery. After the memory test, the animals were killed and their brains were fixed and density of intact neurons in the CA1 area of the hippocampus was investigated. Statistical analysis was performed with software SPSS, ANOVA and Prisme software. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The ICV injections of STZ significantly reduced memory retention and intact pyramidal cells compared to the sham group (p<0.001). Administration of N-acetyl-cysteine improved STZ-induced effects on memory retrieval and increased intact neurons in hippocampal CA1 area compared to the STZ group (p<0.001). N-acetyl-cysteine alone doesn’t have any significant effect on memory retrieval and the number of intact neurons in hippocampal CA1 area compared to the sham group (p>0.05).
Conclusion: N-acetyl-cysteine improved memory retrieval and hippocampal CA1 area intact neurons in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimeric male rats.
Elnaz Abbasi, Javad Javaheri, Hamid Momeni, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Shigella species are one of the main causes of dysentery. This study aimed to determine the frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns of Shigella species isolated from infectious diarrhea samples in khomein, Iran.
Materials and Methods: A total of 54 infectious diarrhea samples obtained from patients were included in this descriptive cross-sectional study from June 2017 through November 2018. The infectious diarrhea samples were cultured to XLD, MacConkey agar and GN Broth. The phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiles were determined.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.307 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences.
Findings: Out of 54 infectious diarrhea samples, 11 (20.3%) with Shigella spp were identified using culture media. S. sonnei 9(81.8%) and S. flexneri 2(18.1%) were the single species found. The highest antibiotic resistance rates were found for cotrimoxazole 11(100%), ampicillin 10(90.9%), cefixime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone 9(81.8%). In this study, 8 (72.7%) of the isolates were ESBL and 1 (9%) were AmpC positive.
Conclusion: This study showed that Shigell spp are the main bacterial agent causing dysentery in infectious diarrhea samples in khomein, Iran. This should be taken into consideration by infectious specialists especially during empirical treatment.
Fatemeh Momeni, Afrooz Nakhostin, Mojtaba Bayani,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (April & May 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Periostin acts as necessary protein in tissue development and has a key role in tooth-supporting tissues such as periodontal ligament. The effect of inflammation on reducing periostin level has been shown in some studies. The aim of this study was to compare the salivary and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) periostin levels in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy peers.
Methods & Materials: In this matched case-control study, 106 participants (53 patients with chronic periodontitis and 53 healthy controls) were studies after signing a informed consent form. They were matched for age, gender, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The GCF and salivary samples were collected from all participants and were assessed using standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The statistical analysis was conducted in Stata V. 11.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.34).
Results: The salivary and GCF periostin levels was significantly lower in patients than in healthy subjects (P<0.001). Moreover, the periostin levels was significantly different based on periodontal parameters (P<0.001).
Conclusion: There is association between the incidence of chronic periodontitis and salivary and GCF periostin levels. Hence, the periostin may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis and prevention of its progression.
Mohammad Bakhtavar, Seyed Mehrzad Shaddel, Ehsan Mmomeni, Vahideh Nazari,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (August & September 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Needlestick injury (NSJ) is a common occupational health problem among dental healthcare workers, putting them at significant risk for blood-borne infections. This study aimed to investigate occupational exposure to NSJ and the psychological factors associated with it among dentistry students.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on students in the Arak school of dentistry training curriculum in the last three years in 2018. The questionnaires included questions about students’ awareness of NSJ conditions, the frequency of vaccinations, and antibody titration tests. The SCL-90 (Symptom checklist-90) questionnaire assessed psychological factors after NSJ in four dimensions of anxiety, phobia, self-morbidity, and depression. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods and a chi-square test.
Ethical Considerations: The study was approved by the Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.269).
Results: Of the eighty students surveyed, 59 students had experienced NSJ at least once. However, only 25.4% of students had reported the NSJ occurrence. The highest incidence rate of NSJ was reported in the endodontics section. In addition, 80% of students had received hepatitis B vaccinations. Based on the SCL-90 test, the anxiety dimension was more affected by NSJ than the other dimensions.
Conclusion: Despite the high prevalence of NSJ in dental students, the rate of reporting after the accident is very low. Also, due to the lack of attention to vaccination in some students, there is a need for more infection control training. Based on the SCL-90 test, the occurrence of NS is effective in causing psychological problems.
Amir Najafi, Mohammad Amin Momeni-Moghaddam, Dr Davoud Salarbashi, Narges Amini Beidokhti, Marziye Rahmani, Milad Khorasani,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a non-communicable disease that imposes a significant financial burden on the healthcare system each year. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of inflammatory factors in the initiation and progression of this condition. The primary goal of this study is to compare the polymorphism of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene among individuals with type 2 diabetes and those in the control group.
Methods: Following approval from the Ethics Committee of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, blood samples were collected from 100 participants at Bohlool Hospital in Gonabad. These individuals were categorized into two groups: cases (individuals with type 2 diabetes) and controls (healthy individuals). DNA extraction was carried out using the salting out method. To examine the polymorphism, the specific segment was initially amplified through PCR with designated primers and then identified via gel electrophoresis. The data were analyzed using subjected to the Chi-square test at a significance level below 5%.
Results: Findings from the polymorphism analysis revealed a notable contrast in the genotype 2/1 (P = 0.001) and 2/2 (P = 0.004) within the case group when compared to the healthy participants. Specifically, individuals with genotype 2/1 exhibited a heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes by up to 15 times.
Conclusions: Within the examined population, the polymorphism of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene substantially influenced the predisposition to type 2 diabetes, amplifying the likelihood of developing this ailment. Individuals harboring allele 2 are at an increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes.
