Showing 15 results for Sheikh
Fereydoun Azizi, Robabeh Sheikholeslam, Parvin Mirmiran, Gita Abdolhosini, Masoud Kimiagar, Hossein Malekafzali,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (Autumn 2001)
Abstract
Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is a worldwide health problem. Many parts of the Islamic republic of Iran had been known as areas of endemic goiter. IDD was accepted as a priority health problem in the country and a National IDD Council was formed in 1989.
Material and Method: One of the main strategies of National Council for IDD control was to provide at least 150mg of iodine per day to the entire population through making available iodized salt. This study was performed to evaluate the National IDD council program in 1996, in rural and urban areas of Markazi province, 1300 school children, aged 8 to 10 years, including 50% boys, were selected through random sampling Grading of goiter was performed according to WHO. Classification, Serume, T3, T4 and TSH were measured by RIA and urinary iodine by digestion method.
Results: The mean of serume T3, T4 and TSH were: 10±2.0 μg/dl, 160±28 ng/dl and 2.3±1.3 μIu/ml respectively. There were no differences between males and females and school children of rural or urban areas. Four person had serum T4 more than 12.5μg/dl. The mean urinary iodine was 16mg/dl in entire population. 75% had urinary iodine more than 10mg/dl. Only 11% had urinary iodine less than 5μg/dl. Total prevalence of goiter was 35% (36% in girls and 34% in boys).
Conclusion: Based on the available data, seven years after distribution of iodized salt, urinary iodine of school children of Markazi province does not show iodine deficiency. However goiter is still endemic in Markazi province.
Dr Mosen Naghavi, Dr Ali Akbar Rezai Ashtiani, Dr Robabeh Sheikholeslam, Ms Naghmeh Tashakori, Dr Sepideh Hajforoush, Dr Fereydun Azizi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: Markazi province was one of the regions with endemic goiter in Iran. Following initiation of iodine deficiency control program in 1989, production, distribution and consumption of iodized salt begun. This survey was conducted in the frame work of national monitoring survey in 2001 to find the prevalence of goiter and urinary iodine level in order to evaluate the iodine status of school age children in Markazi province.
Materials and Methods: 1200 school children (600 boys and 600 girls), aged 7-10 years, were selected randomly from all regions of Markazi province. The grade of Goiter was determined according to WHO classification and urinary iodine content was estimated using the digestion method in one tenth of the these children. Data was analyzed using T, Chi square and Pearson tests.
Results: Total Goiter rate was 4.4% (4.4% in girls and 4.4% in boys). Urinary iodine median was 16.7 µg/dl. Urinary iodine was above 10 µg/dl in 81.2% and less than 5 µg/dl in 9.2% of samples. No one had urinary iodine below 2 µg/dl.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the rate of Goiter in Markazi province has decreased significantly since 1986 and urinary iodine levels in school children are indicative of adequate iodine intake. Therefore Markazi province can be considered as an “iodine deficiency free” zone.
Seyed Hamzeh Hoseini, Fatemeh Sheikh Moonesi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Oculogyric crisis which is a dystonic reaction, is commonly caused by neuroleptics and rarely occurs with atypical antipsychotics specially Clozapine. In this article a case of Clozapine induced oculogyric crisis is reported. Case: The patient was a 25 years old woman with auditory hallucination, loosening of association and persecutory delusion that was admitted and treated. Because of poor response to typical antipsychotics, Clozapine was prescribed. Then she experienced multiple episodes of oculogyric crisis and was treated successfully with anticholinergic medication (Artane). Conclusion: In this special case, Clozapine caused oculogyric crisis. This side effect is rare but should be considered as a possible adverse effect of Clozapine. On the basis of this report, Clozapine induced oculogyric crisis may be treated successfully with Artane
Shahnaz Shahrjerdi, Nader Shavandi, Rahman Sheikh Hoseini,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of different metabolic disorders that are characterized by chronic increase of blood glucose and proteins, lipids and carbohydrates metabolism disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on metabolic factors, quality of life and mental health of women with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental investigation, 18 women with type П diabetes referring to Arak Petroleum Company Clinic were selected and divided into two groups: aerobic (10 participants) and control (8 participants). Aerobic group performed selected exercises in 8 weeks (three 30-50 min sessions per week). In this investigation, we used metabolic factors (such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, LDL, FBS, HbA1c and Insulin serum) and SF-36 quality of life (QOL) and GHQ mental health (MH) questionnaires. The level of significance was considered to be 95% (P<0/05). Results: There were significant differences between the means of pre-test and post-test measures of FBS, HbA1C, Insulin serum, QOL and MH in aerobic group. There were no significant differences between the means of pre-test and post-test measures of TC, HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides in aerobic group and all factors in the control group (P<0/05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise affects metabolic factors, QOL and MH in type П diabetic patients and it results in their improvement.
Fereshte Jahdi, Fatemeh Sheikhan, Effat Sadat Merghati Khoie, Hamid Haghani,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background: Perineal pain following episiotomy affects mothers’ mental health and their quality of life. Using cooling gel pad is a new approach which is used for pain relief, but the pain related to episiotomy is still typically treated with oral analgesics. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gel pad on post-episiotomy pain in primiparous women in Kamali Hospital of Karaj. Materials and Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 primiparous women who referred for labor to Kamali Hospital of Karaj. The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: Those receiving gel pads (for 20 minutes four hours after labor and in case necessary, for up to 5 days) and the control (receiving the hospital routine). The two groups were evaluated in terms of episiotomy pain intensity through visual analogue scale (VAS) and analgesics usage. Results: The two groups did not show any significant differences in demographic features and other intervening variables. In terms of reduction in pain intensity, there were significant differences between the two groups 4 hours (p=0.002), 12 hours (p=0.009), and 5 days (p=0.000) after episiotomy. Analgesics usage, five days after delivery, in gel pad group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001) Conclusion: Using gel pad reduces the perineal pain intensity following episiotomy and decreases the need for using analgesics.
Ahmad Rahmani, Mahmood Sheikh, Rasool Hemayat Talab, Naser Naghdi,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background: Exercise can counteract the negative effects of stress, but variations in exercise protocols and intensities have generated different results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of immobilization stress on cognitive performance and the moderating role of exercise.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, adult Albino-Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups. The animals underwent immobilization stress (2 hours per day×7 day), exercise (30 minutes per day×7 day), or no intervention. The rats were trained and tested using Morris water maze.
Results: The control group had better performance than the stress group in acquisition (p<0.01) and recall (p<0.05) in Morris water maze. There was not a significant difference between exercise-stress and control groups in water maze performance. Stress increased corticosterone levels (p<0.001), but exercise had a significant effect on decrement of corticosteron levels (p<0.001). Also, despite the absence of a significant difference between sham and exercise groups in the acquisition stage, the exercise group had a better performance in the recall stage (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Immobilization stress can impair acquisition and mild exercise has a protective effect against stress-induced negative effects. Corticosterone may be a major mediator in the protective effect of exercise against stress-induced cognitive impairment. In addition, the role of exercise in retrieval of past experiences is more prominent than their acquisition.
Banafsheh Ghaheri, Mahmood Sheikh, Amir Hossein Memari, Rasool Hemayat Talab,
Volume 16, Issue 8 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background: Due to high risk of physical inactivity in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and its adverse consequences, evaluating their level of physical activity (PA) using accelerometry and investigating its relation with age and severity of the disorder are integral.
Materials and Methods: Fifty two boys and sixteen girls aged 7-14 years -from autism schools in Tehran- participated in current cross sectional study. Level of daily PA was evaluated for seven consecutive days using accelerometers. Autism severity was also assessed in the areas of communication, sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness, and health and physical behavior using Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC).
Results: On the whole 91 percent of participants encountered low level of PA. Girls were remarkably less active than boys and were more inactive. Level of PA significantly reduced as they aged. Level of PA was adversely and significantly correlated with autism severity in the area of sensory and cognitive awareness. Moreover, level of vigorous PA was adversely and significantly correlated with total autism severity. Finally, age, sex, and sensory and cognitive awareness were partially predictors of PA.
Conclusion: It appears that children with HFA are physically inactive and considerably engage in more sedentary activities as they age. Age and gender can be considered as physical activity determinants among this population.
Eslam Zabihi, Seyed Eghbal Motavallibashi, Khayam Bamdad, Faegheh Pilevaribadi, Hamid Sheikhkanloui Milan,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (6-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system. Since the level of sex hormone and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease affects one another, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the hydroalcoholic extract of truffle on the hormone levels of estrogen and progesterone administered in experimental model of MS-induced rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 Wistar female rats, weighing 180±10 grams selected into 6 groups each consisting of 7 rats. Normal control didn’t receive any treatment and experimental group was given Cuprizone toxin (as a MS model inducer) for 40 days. The experimental groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) in addition to Cuprizone received the normal saline, 110, 220 and 330 mg/kg/0.2ml (i.p.) of Hydroalcoholic extract of truffle for 12 days too. Blood samples were taken at the end of the twelfth day from all groups involved and levels of sex hormones were measured.
Results: Cuprizone decreases estrogen, progesterone levels and also causes weight loss, while injection of hydroalcoholic extract of truffle increased serum levels of estrogen (in experimental group 4) and progesterone (in experimental group 4 & 5) compared to MS-induced group.
Conclusion: Results of the study revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract of truffle (at dosages of 220 and 330 mg/kg) could increase estrogen and progesterone levels in rats experienced experimental multiple sclerosis.
Nazli Khajehnasiri, Homayoun Khazali, Farzam Farzam Sheikhzadeh Hesari,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (8-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The advantageous effects of the regular moderate physical activity (Exercise) on reproduction is widely accepted, but until now, the alterations of the expression of hypothalamic arcuate nuclei gene affecting on reproduction axis in response to this type of physical activity are not clear. Therefore, the goal of the present investigation was to study the effect of one –month regular moderate physical activity on neurokinin B gene expression and reproductive axis hormonal changes.
Materials and Methods: In the experimental study, fourteen adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and one- month regular moderate exercise groups. After one - month physical activity (20m/min), the arcuate nucleus was isolated from brain and stored in -80 refrigerators for neurokinin B gene expression assay by Real-time PCR method. In addition, serum samples were taken to assess the corticosterone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by Independent t-test in SPSS.
Results: Neurokinin-B gene expression level was lower in the group which received physical activity than the control group(p<0.05). Also, corticosterone serum concentration was decreased in the physical activity group(p<0.05). By contrast, the physical activity induced luteinizing hormone and Testosterone serum levels evaluation in exersice group compared with control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Regular moderate physical activity may improve male reproductive performance by reducing the corticosterone hormone level and decreasing neurokinin B expression.
Roghaieh Khakpay, Hanieh Feyzi, Farzam Sheikhzadeh Hesari,
Volume 20, Issue 7 (10-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: 17β-Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to the estrogen receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membrane-bound receptors like the NMDA receptors. The paragigantocellularis lateralis nucleus (LPGi) is also involved in the pain modulation. In this study, the role of NMDA receptors of the LPGi nucleus has been investigated in the 17β-estradiol-induced pain modulation in the ovariectomized rats.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the female Wistar rats in the range of 200-270 gr were used. In order to study the role of the NMDA receptors in the 17β-estradiol-induced pain modulation in the ovariectomized rats, primarily, rats were bilaterally ovariectomized and immediately cannulation of the LPGi nucleus was performed. Then, drugs were injected and 15 minutes later 50 μl of 5% formalin was injected into the rat's hind paw; and formalin-induced paw jerking behaviour was recorded for 60 min.
Results: The results of the present study showed that the intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol significantly reduced the paw jerking behavior both in the first and in the second phases of formalin test. Pretreatment of the LPGi nucleus by NMDA receptor antagonist (AP5) neutralized the antinociceptive effect of 17β-estradiol on the paw jerking frequency in the both phases of formalin test; and induced hyperalgesia in the both phases of this behavior.
Conclusion: These results indicated that the intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol produces modest analgesia on the formalin-induced inflammatory pain. Therefore, it can be concluded that the NMDA receptors of the paragigantocellularis lateralis nucleus are probably involved in the antinociceptive effect of 17β-estradiol in the ovariectomized rats.
Eslam Zabihi, Seyed Eqbal Motavallibashi, Hamdollah Panahpour1, Hamid Sheikhkanloui Milan,
Volume 22, Issue 6 (February & March 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Thyroid gland makes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) hormones. These hormones are really effective in regulating and control of basal metabolism. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Terfezia Boundary (TB) on the serum level of thyroid hormones.
Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats (weighing 200±10 g) were selected and divided into five groups of 6 including control, sham (received normal saline) and three experimental groups received TB with 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg doses via intraperitoneal injection for 14 days. Samples from all groups were collected at the end of the 14th day directly from the heart to evaluate thyroid hormone. The data were statistically analyzed in SPSS v. 12.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.ARUMS.REC.1396.48).
Results: The results of this study showed that the T3 and T4 levels in the experimental groups 2 (150 mg/kg) and 3 (300 mg/kg) increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). The Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level in the experimental groups 1 (75 mg/kg), 2 (150 mg/kg) and 3 (300 mg/kg) decreased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of TB can increase the serum levels of thyroid hormones and reduce TSH level.
Mahboubeh Sheikhan, Mohammad Reza Kordi, Hamid Rajabi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (October & November 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Several microRNAs are involved in regulating muscle mass, which plays an essential role in hypertrophy and atrophy of skeletal muscle, The present study examined the expression of some genes as regulators of muscular atrophy following a period of inertia in rats.
Methods & Materials: For this purpose, 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (Control, Exercise+inactivity, and Inactivity). The exercise+inactivity group run on the treadmill for 18 weeks and five times per week. The hindlimb of the animal was immobilized for seven days with the casting method. Soleus muscle was extracted and the expression of the genes was measured by the RT-PCR method. Univariate ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the differences (α=0.05).
Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research approved this study (Code: IR.SUMS.REC.1396.S 463).
Results: Results showed that immobilization in both Exercise+ inactivity and inactivity groups, compare to the control group, increased expression of miR-1 genes (P<0.10), FOXO3a (P<0.001) and decreased expression of miR-206 (P<0.007) and IGF-1 (P<0.001). This difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be said that changes in the expression of RNAs by chromatography cause changes in the expression of muscle regulating genes, and although endurance exercises have protective effects, they cannot prevent these changes.
Sousan Salehi, Maryam Tarameshkou, Saeed Mirahmadi, Saghar Hashemnia, Milad Hassansheikhi,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (August & September 2022)
Abstract
Background and aim: It is suggested that hearing impaired children with hearing aids and cochlear implant, showed poor pragmatic abilities. Pragmatic is the most related language component to social interaction. Further, it has effect on personality development and self-esteem. The main aim of the present study is investigating the relationship between pragmatic abilities and self-esteem in hearing impaired children.
Materials and methods: Sixty hearing impaired children with hearing aids or cochlear implant were included into this study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then parents or other caregivers were asked to fulfill Children’s Communication Checklist (CCC) and self-esteem questionnaire. The participants were divided into three groups based on hearing impairment severity, including: severe, moderate and mild. The relationship between pragmatic ability and self-esteem was examined in three groups and without considering categorization, by Pearson correlation coefficient, significant level was 0.05.
Ethical considerations: This project is approved in Arak university of medical sciences with ethical registration code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1399.150. All parents gave written informed consent form.
Findings: the results illustrated that there is significant relationship between pragmatic abilities and self-esteem in all hearing impairment children without considering categorization (p<0.05). By considering categorization, significant relationship was showed in self-esteem and pragmatic abilities in moderate and mild groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: according to our analysis, pragmatic abilities and self-esteem are related. This relationship is more obvious in low severity impairment.
Akram Jokar, Homa Sheikhani Shahin, Mehrzad Moqaddasi, Alireza Jowhari,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (December & January 2023)
Abstract
On average, patients suffering from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis after about seven years, their disease turns into fibrosis and reversibility at this stage becomes very difficult because this disease is an irreversible stage of the disease. Fatty liver is non-alcoholic (2). Researches have come to the conclusion that liver inflammation and insulin resistance decrease and insulin sensitivity increases with sports activity (3). TNF-α has a high inflammatory effect; So that different agents and species of this family and their receptors play a role in NASH disease and liver fibrosis (5). However, exercise increases prostaglandins and cAMP. The mentioned hormones inhibit the function of TNF-α (6). On the other hand, anti-inflammatory cytokines increase due to exercise and inhibit the increase of TNF-α. With the increase in production and secretion of TNF-α, other inflammatory factors such as TGF-β1 signaling are activated and fibrosis signaling will start in liver cells (5). TGF-β1 (Transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of the members of the large family of transforming growth factors beta (TGF-β) and a key cytokine in obesity and insulin resistance (7). In a research, during 48 weeks of applying a high-fat diet to rats, they found that steatosis occurs in the liver of rats from the eighth week onwards, and the amount of TGF-β1 in them increased significantly. In the end, they came to the conclusion that this factor can be one of the main characteristics of determining the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with NASH (10). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is one of the new training models whose positive effects have been identified in a variety of metabolic diseases (13). On the other hand, there are very few researches about the effect of aquatic environment and swimming on the improvement of metabolism and inflammation in NASH patients. Based on the results of a systematic review in 2018, it was shown that endurance exercise in water improved systemic inflammation and weight control (18). Despite the conflicting results in this field and the beneficial effects of exercise in water and also human's innate interest in water, the effect of high-intensity interval exercise in water in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has not been observed by the researchers of this study. Therefore, the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training in water on inflammatory factors in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis was investigated.
Materials and methods
In this study, eight-week-old rats were divided into two groups: healthy (n=20) and high-fat diet (HFD) (n=20). After eight weeks and proof of disease induction, the HFD group was randomly divided into two groups: control-disease (n=9) and exercise-disease (n=9); Also, the healthy group was divided into two groups: control-healthy (n=9) and exercise-healthy (n=9). The rats in the training group performed HIIT swimming training, including 20 times of 30 seconds of swimming with 30 seconds of rest between each time, for eight weeks (three days a week). One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test (P<0.05) were used to determine the difference between groups.
Ethical Considerations
The proposal of this study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (IR.SUMS.REHAB.REC.1400.008).
Findings:
As shown in diagram 1; Based on the results of the one-way analysis of variance test, it can be said that there was a significant difference between the mean TNF-α blood serum (P=0.001). According to the results of Bonferroni's post hoc test, these differences in blood serum TNF-α variable between the control-healthy and control-disease groups (P=0.001), exercise-disease (P=0.001) and exercise-healthy (P=0.002), control-disease with exercise-disease (P=0.012) and exercise-healthy (P=0.001), exercise-healthy with exercise-disease (P=0.002) was.
According to graph 2, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in TGFβ1 variable in all four groups (p=0.068). However, by comparing the averages, it is found that the amount of TGFβ1 protein has decreased by 49.1968% in the patient-exercise group after high-intensity intermittent swimming exercise compared to the control-patient group. Meanwhile, this protein in the exercise-healthy group was reduced by 45.2741% compared to the control-patient. Figure 1 shows the protein bands related to TGFβ1 protein.
Discussion and conclusion: The results of the present research showed that high-intensity intermittent swimming exercises reduce inflammatory and fibrotic factors, and in general, it can be concluded that eight weeks of high-intensity intermittent swimming exercises improve the inflammatory and fibrotic factors associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. . However, to obtain a definitive result, this type of exercise should be studied in human studies in this patient community.
Appreciation and thanks: This article is taken from the master's thesis in sports physiology (first author) of Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, with ethics code IR.SUMS.REHAB.REC.1400.008. In the end, we sincerely thank all friends and colleagues who helped us during the stages of this research.
Conflict of interest:The authors of this article have no mutual benefit from its publication.
Authors' share (participation rate): All four authors participated in the preparation of this article.
Key words: high-intensity swimming interval training, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta
Mohsen Barghamadi, Sara Imani Broj, Hamed Sheikhalizadeh,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, disabled sports have become one of the most important categories in the world of sports. In the meantime, exercising the blind and visually impaired is essential. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of clothing weight on the range of lower limb muscle activities during the execution of archery skills in blind people.
Methods: The current research is semi-experimental and laboratory-type. The statistical sample of the present study included 30 blind boys from Ardabil City who were selected purposefully and voluntarily. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The shooting target was placed at a distance of 10 meters from the subject. A two-way analysis of variance and a t-test at a significance level of 0.05 were used for statistical analysis of the data.
Results: According to the obtained results, the effect of the time factor on the electrical activity of the vastus medialis muscle when releasing the bowstring was statistically significant. The impact of the group factor on the electrical activity of the tibialis anterior muscle when releasing the bowstring had a statistically significant difference. Also, the effect of the group factor when taking the bow in the rectus femoris muscle and biceps muscle had a statistically significant difference.
Conclusions: Finally, according to all the obtained results, it can be said that probably using shooting clothes by affecting the electrical activity of the muscles of the lower limbs can improve balance during shooting, which can be one of the influential reasons, and become efficient in the success of archers.
