Background: Today, the use of nano-materials is one of the most common methods of making modern medications these materials are very useful in increasing the accessibility of drugs to target. The aim of this study is to obtain immunogenic nano-vaccine against meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenza.

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the PRP (polyribosylribitol phosphate) antigen of Haemophilus influenza was conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), a powerful immunogen molecule, and a nanoparticle with high adsorption called poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA). The two-part and three-part conjugated antigens were injected into male SW1 race mice. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, which received PRP, PRP+KLH, PRP-KLH, PRP-KLH-PLGA, and PRP-TT intramuscularly together with complete Freund’s adjuvant, respectively. Twenty eight days after injection, blood samples were obtained and increases in serum antibody titer were determined with ELISA technique. For evaluation of the amount of the produced antigen cell entrance into immune cells, immune cells uptake assay and flow cytometry technique were used.

Results: The results showed increases in serum IgG antibody titers of animals immunized with conjugate vaccines. The findings also suggest the higher phagocytosis of conjugated triplex-containing nanoparticle by host immune cells.

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that antigen-containing PLGA has considerably higher absorption and immunogenicity and can be more powerful vaccines against Haemophilus meningitis.

  Background: Due to the lack of efficient anti-HIV vaccine, anti-HIV pharmaceuticals play an important role in controlling HIV infection. Also significant rise in drug resistance and drug toxicity has caused increased interest in finding new anti-HIV agents. In this study, a nano-sized version of lamivudine based on PEGylated chitosan was synthesized.

  Materials and Methods: In this research, nanoparticles of chitosan were efficiently PEGylated for increasing their stability in water and then the anti-HIV drug, lamivudine, was loaded on these PEGylated nanoparticles. After purification and lyophilization of new synthesized nanoparticle, the raw materials and final product were sampled and FTIR, HNMR and CHN analyses were done.

  Results: Results of HNMR spectroscopy showed that chitosan nanoparticle was successfully PEGylated. HNMR data confirmed FTIR results and indicated that lamivudine was conjugated on chitosan nanoparticle. In addition, CHN analysis data also confirmed both HNMR and FTIR data, and demonstrated that a high yield of chitosan nanoparticle PEGylation (approximately 97%) was done and illustrated a high capacity of lamivudine conjugation on nano-sized PEGylated chitosan (30% _W/W chitosan).

  Conclusion: In this study, lamivudine drug was successfully synthesized, based on PEGylated chitosan nanoparticle.