Abstract
Background: Recent Research has pointed to the involvement of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the muscle development. Despite the fact, there is currently no direct evidence that lox is involved in the myogenic factors and exercise-induced hypertrophy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lysyl oxidase inhibition on exercise-induced hypertrophy, as well as the gene expression of MyoD1, myogenin, TGF-β and LOX in FHL muscle of wistar rats.
Material and Methods: In this experimental research, 32 male Wister rats with an average weight of 220±15 were divided into four groups: resistance training, normal control, treated control and treated resistance training. Rats performed a resistance training for 8 weeks in which animals climbed a vertical ladder of 1­m and inclined at 85° with weights attached to their tails. In order to inhibit lysyl oxidase, treatment group rats received daily injection of intraperitoneal β-aminopropionitrile (120 mg/kg/day). FHL muscle was extracted to measure relative muscle weight, as well as genes expression of MyoD1, myogenin, TGF-β and LOX by real time-PCR.
Results: Relative weight of FHL muscle was decreased significantly in the treated groups with BAPN, compared with normal groups (p<0.05). Lysyl oxidase showed a significant increase compared to the normal control group following a resistance training (p<0.05). LOX gene expression in treatment groups showed a significant increase compared to normal control group (p<0.05). TGF-β gene expression in BAPN-treated groups significantly was increased (p<0.05) and Myogenin in treatment groups showed a significant decrease compared to normal control groups (p<0.05). The expression of MyoD1 gene in treatment groups was only decreased significantly in the treated control groups compared to normal control groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Results showed that inhibiting the lysine oxidase enzyme could affect the genes involved in hypertrophy and reduce the hypertrophy induced by resistance training.
 

Background and Aim: Coronary Heart Disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of mortality. Exercise activities after coronary artery bypass surgery increase the density of myocardial capillaries called angiogenesis and improve cardiovascular function. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aerobic-resistance training on plasma basic fibroblast grown factor levels in post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients.
Methods & Materials: The sample consisted of 30 men aged 45-60 years who underwent bypass surgery. They were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group performed aerobic resistance training for eight weeks (3 sessions per week) and the control group did not. Blood samples were taken 24 hours before the start of the first training session and 48 hours after the last training session while all subjects were fasting. In vitro ELISA method was used to measure BFGF. Independent and paired t-test and Shapiro-Wilk test were used to analyze the data at the significant level of 0.05 in SPSS v. 21.
Ethical Considerations: This study was registered (Ethics Code: IR.IAU.NEYSHABUR.REC.1398.01) in the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Neishabour Branch, and with Clinical Trial Code: IRCTID:IRCT20191228045919N1.
Results: Eight weeks of aerobic-resistance training significantly increased bFGF levels in the exercise group compared to the control group (P=0.002). Also, pre and post changes in the experimental group showed a significant increase in plasma bFGF levels (P=0.002), which was not significant in the control group (P=0.758).
Conclusion: According to the results, it may be concluded that combined (aerobic resistance) exercise may increase angiogenesis and capillary density in post-CABG patients by increasing plasma bFGF levels