Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences

Search published articles

Showing 4 results for Oji

Effect of angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist on renal hemodynamic and tubular responses to ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat

Firooze Gholampour, Seyed Mostafa Shid Moosavi, Seyed Mohammad Oji, Sohrab Hajizadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2007)

Abstract

Introduction: The acute response to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury involves attenuation of glomerular filtration rate, as well as reduced tubular function. The possible mediators involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury include vasoconstrictor agents including angiotensin II (Ang II). Inhibition of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) diminishes the deleterious effects of ischemia-reperfusion on glomerular function. This study is done to investigate the effect of angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist on renal hemodynamic and tubular responses to ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, acute renal failure was induced by 30 minutes clamping of both renal arteries in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Renal hemodynamic and excretory function was followed for 120 minutes reperfusion, while saline or the selective AT1 receptor antagonist (Losartan) was infused. In plasma and urine samples, Cr level was measured. Also plasma and urine content of Sodium was measured. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests. Results: Renal ischemia for 30 minutes decreased glomerular filtration rate during reperfusion and increased urine flow and Sodium excretion up to three fold. Losartan (10 mg/kg i.v.) did not change glomerular filtration rate prior to ischemia but improved it during reperfusion and there were progressive increases in urine flow. Losartan caused a lowering of ischemia-induced rise in Sodium excretion. Conclusion: The ischemic challenge may cause release of angiotensin II, which acts on AT1 receptors to decrease perfusion.

Evaluation of Parametric Models with Estimating the Prediction Error by Apparent Loss Method in Analyzing Survival of Colorectal Patients

Ahmadreza Baghestani, Mahmood Reza Gohari, Arezoo Orooji, Mohamad Amin Purhosseigholi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (4-2015)

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Investigating the factors that predict survival time for these patients is important.The purpose of this study was comparison of parametric models by estimating the prediction error and also identifying the effective factors on predicted survival time of patients with colorectal cancer.

Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted with 600 patients who were suffered from colorectal cancer in Taleghani Hospital of Tehran between 2001 to 2005 and they were followed up for at least 5 years. For identifying the effective factors on survival time, of the patients we analyzed the data by some parametric models such as Weibull, Exponential and Log logistic and compared these models with the estimation of prediction error by apparent loss method.

Results: Among 600 patients there was 344 men (57.3%) and 256 wemon (47.7%). Of total, 151 patients were died that 62.3% of them were men. Univariate analysis showed that the effect of BMI, sex, staging of tumor, tumor site were significant but in multivariate model staging of tumor and BMI were significant. By the estimation of prediction error, the best model was Log logistic.

Conclusion: With respect to the importance of survival time prediction, we found that we can use the prediction error to compare the parametric models. In addition, because of effectiveness of tumor stages and BMI in the patients’ survival time, survival time could be increased by an on-time diagnosis and an appropriate controled diet.

Roc Curve Multivariate Modeling in Detection of Fetal Abnormalities Using Screening Down Syndrome Associated Markers in the First and Second Periods of Pregnancy

Hamideh Mohammadnia Kojidi, Mohammad Rafeie, Mohammad Ali Daneshmand, Jalal Rezaei,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (5-2018)

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis of prenatal illnesses and timely treatment of congenital anomalies has been the mainstay of the health system. In this study, our aim is to provide Roc curve multivariate modeling in detection of fetal abnormalities using associated markers in screening Down syndrome in the first and second periods of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study that uses information from two sets of data. In the first set, 152 individuals, who had the results of the first- trimester and second screening tests at risk and in the second group, 75 individuals with normal results. The studied variables included the serum markers in the first- trimester and the second- trimester screening, auxiliary variables (includes demographic information). Statistical analysis was performed by using ROC regression, incremental value analysis and Stata 12 software.
Results: In evaluating the value of each diagnostic test in the presence of auxiliary variables using logistic regression and rock curves, the results generally showed that in screening the first- trimester of PAPP-A and in the screening the second-trimester,Inhibin-A can be used alone as a diagnostic test.
Conclusion: Best diagnostic test in the first- trimester, respectively, PPAP-A, NT, FREE B-HCG and in the second- trimester of screening, respectively, Inhibin-A, HGG, UE3 and AFP were based on the area under the ROC curve. In addition, the most significant effect of the predictor variable on the outcome of the diagnostic test was family history.

Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Male Workers in a Pesticide Production Factory in Guilan Province, Iran

Mir Saeed Attarchi, Fatemeh Nejatifar, Hamid Mohammadi Kojidi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan, Niloofar Faraji, Maryam Joshan, Fatemeh Rahattalab, Roholah Amini,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (June & July 2022)

Abstract

Background and Aim The high use of pesticides has increased the concern about its possible harm to individual and environment health. Chronic exposure to pesticides has serious effects on different body organs even before the onset of clinical symptoms. In this study, we aim to evaluate clinical and biochemical characteristics of male workers in a pesticide production factory in Guilan province, Iran.
Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was conducted on 99 male workers exposed to pesticide and 107 people without exposure who were employed in a pesticide production factory in Guilan and selected using a convenience sampling method in 2020. Their demographical data as well as clinical characteristics such as respiratory symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, etc.), neurological symptoms (fatigue, tremors, cramps, muscle weakness, etc.), psychological symptoms (sleep disorders, anxiety, etc.) and skin symptoms (redness, itching, etc.) were collected from the occupational health records of the workers. Finally, the biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16.
Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran (Code: IR.GUMS.REC.1399.632). Informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study.
Results The frequency of symptoms such as headache, itchy skin, cough, and sleep disorders was higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Based on the biochemical findings, blood urea level, creatinine level, alkaline phosphatase, and fasting blood sugar level were significantly higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Thrombocytosis was observed in 9.09% of exposed workers, which was higher in those with more than 11 years of work experience.
Conclusion Chronic exposure to pesticide can cause thrombosis, changes in biochemical parameters, and clinical symptoms. It is recommended that biological monitoring should be conducted in exposed workers at a shorter interval.

Page 1 from 1

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb