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Introduction: Allium Sativum (garlic) is used widely in the world, especially in Iran. This plant is used in cooking foods as an odorant. In Iran it is believed that it is useful for gastrointestinal disorders. So in this study the effect of Allium Sativum extract on acid and pepsin secretion in rat is investigated. Materials and Methods: This experimental study is performed on two groups of rats (12 in each group: control group and allium sativum group). After anesthesia with nesdonal (50 mg/kg, ip), rats had gone under surgical tracheotomy, laparatomy and gasterodeodenostomy. In garlic group Allium Sativum extract (100mg/kg) was introduced into the stomach by gasterodeodenostomy canula. In order to stimulation of acid and pepsin secretion, Pentagastrin was used (25mcg/kg, ip). Stomach secretion was washed out and acid was measured using titerimetery and pepsin using Anson method. Data was analyzed using t-test. Results: Allium Sativum caused a meaningful increase in acid and pepsin secretion in garlic group comparing to control group (p<0.001). Pentagastrin also increased acid and pepsin secretion in control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Using garlic in nutritional regimen causes an increase in acid and pepsin secretion in those using this plant.

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Background: Balance is one of the basic needs for daily activities. It has an important role in static and dynamic activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the balance of people with peripheral neuropathy after 4-weeks of functional and balance exercise program.

Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 diabetic patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (experimental group, n=11 control group, n=11) with the mean age of 53.79 years, mean height of 163.41cm, and mean weight of 71.49 kg, were randomly selected. Berg and T.G.U.G tests were used to evaluate the balance of patients. 12 sessions of combined training (balance and functional training) were used as intervention program. A paired t-test was used for the differences of pre-post test and independent t-tests were used to compare the experimental and control groups.

Results: The paired sample t-test showed that training program has significant effect on functional and dynamic balance. The comparison between the two groups showed no significant deference between pre-functional balance tests and significant post-functional balance test after training program.

Conclusion: Patients with diabetic neuropathy may have an impaired balance. The most important reason is the damage of proprioceptive receptors as combined training (balance and functional training) may improve balance and blood circulation in this organ also putting extra load on the visual system, vestibular and proprioceptive stimulation system and improves balance. Hence, it can be recommended as exercises to improve balance.

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Background: Demodex mites can infect the sebaceous glands and hair follicles from almost every area of human skin especially on the face. Demodicosis is considered to be a factor in the pathogenesis of some skin disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Demodex mites and to identify the association between risk factors and Demodex infection.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 university students in Khorramabad, Iran. Samples were collected from three different regions of the face (nose, cheeks and forehead) using two different methods, including cellophane tape method (CTP) and skin pressurization. A questionnaire was filled for each individual and data were subjected to statistical analyses using chi-square test.

Results: The overall prevalence of Demodex mites was 55%. The detection rate of infection by cellophane tape method was much higher than that of the skin pressurization (p<0.01). The incidence of Demodex was found to occur more frequently in males and in people with oily skin (p<0.05). Furthermore, the infection rate among students with acne vulgaris was significantly higher than that of students without acne (p<0.05). We found a significant difference between acne vulgaris and density of Demodex mites (p<0.01).

Conclusion: The cellophane tape method (CTP) is an easy and suitable method for epidemiologic investigations. Skin types and gender were identified as risk factors. Our study suggests that Demodex infection could be associated with acne vulgaris.