Mohammad Heidarzadeh, Abolfazl Safaralizadeh, Reza Shabanloei,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background: Among respiratory support techniques, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) and mechanical ventilation (MV) are more known for their effectivity in reducing complications associated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Moreover, early application of NCPAP and administration of surfactant are effective in decreasing the need for MV and its adverse effects. This study was designed to compare NCPAP and MV after administration of surfactant in preterm neonates with RDS. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 preterm neonates (<32 weeks) were evaluated. After receiving one dose of surfactant (4 cc/kg), the subjects were randomly divided into treatment and control groups, and respiratory support was established via positive airway pressure or MV. Results: There were no significant differences between the neonates in the two groups in terms of gestational age and birth weight. The mean duration of MV was significantly lower in the treatment group (p=0.001). On day 3, the number of ventilator-dependent neonates in the control group was more (26.7% versus 83.3%). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the number of second surfactant doses, mortality rate, and the number of patients who had developed short-term complications during hospital stay. Conclusion: In a significant number of preterm babies with RDS, NCPAP can be extubated after receiving one dose of surfactant. This is a potentially useful modality for respiratory support with a low mortality and morbidity rate and limited complications in very premature infants.
Zahra Heidarzadeh, Roghaieh Khakpay, Seyed Mahdi Banan Khojasteh, Fatemeh Khakpai,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intra-paragigantocellularis lateralis (LPGi) injection of 17β-estradiol produces robust antinociceptive effect on the inflammatory pain in the both male and ovariectomized female rats which is possibly mediated through estrogen receptors of this nucleus. This study aimed to examine the role of estrogen receptors in the pain modulatory effect of 17β-estradiol during proestrus phase of female rats.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the female Wistar rats in the range of 200-270 gr were used. For studying the influence of intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol on the acute inflammatory pain modulation, cannulation into the LPGi nucleus was performed after entrance into the proestrus cycle. After entrance in the proestrus phase once again, drugs were injected and 15 minutes later, formalin was injected into the rat's hind paw. Then, formalin-induced paw jerking behavior was recorded for 60 min.
Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1397.385 has been approved by research ethics committee at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
Findngs: The results of this study showed that intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol during proestrus phase significantly attenuated paw jerking frequency both in the first (p<0.01) and in the second (p<0.001) phases of formalin test. Pretreatment of the LPGi nucleus with estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI182,780) neutralized the 17β-estradiol-induced analgesia.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol induces robust analgesia on the inflammatory pain during the proestrus phase. Thus, it can be concluded that the antinociceptive effect of 17β-estradiol is probably mediated via estrogen receptors.
