Showing 46 results for Hashemi
Mozhgan Hashemiyeh ,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (Summer 1997)
Abstract
TAR syndromic is a congenital amegakoryecytic thrombocytopenia with Bilateral Absence of radii. Its inheritance is autosomal – recessive, Bilateral absence of radii manifests as a shortening of the forearms and flexion at the elbows; occasionally other limb abnormalities, such as phocomelia and radial deviation, are present. Other congenital anomalies are occasionally present, such as deformity of the digities, micrognathia, disocation of the hip and congenital heart disease. Purpura may present in first few days of life or may be delayed for weeks. Hemorrhagic manifestations range from a few petechiae to severe and even fatal intracranial hemorrhage. Platelet counts are usually in range of 10,000 – 30,000/mm3. Bone marrow examination reveals myeloid hyperplasia and almost total absence of megakaryocytes. Fifty percent of patients survive to 3 years. If patients survive beyond the first year, the platelet count stabilizes and the prognosis is such better. This condition is not premalignant. Treatment consists of transfusion of red cells for anemia and transfusion of platelet concentrates for severe bleeding from thrombocytopenia. Corticosteroids and splenectomy are of no constant benefit.
Seyed Hossein Hashemi,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (Summer 1997)
Abstract
After Greek and Alexandrin civilization was destroyed, science began to foster in Islamic civilization Among all sciences medicine was too Blossomed. Ancient texts have been translated for two centuries to follow a scientific direction. "Mohammad" The Holy prophet of Islam said that "learning science for an hour is better than seventy years of praying Besides he commanded that "Medicine is one of the essentials for muslims. Muslims believed that every doctor who does not know his duties and put his client in danger is a sinful person. Among all Muslims Iranians made the most progress. The Research in medicine extensinely included: Hygiene , Physiology , diagnosis , therapeutics & pharmacology. Muslim civilization was become weak by Mogholian invasions after many centuries. Although European made a new foundation of medicine, but every one knows that medicine is indebted to Islamic civilization.
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Mohammad Taghi Arzaniyan ,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (Autumn 1997)
Abstract
The pattern of Hodgkins disease was studied in 82 Iranian children in Mofid childrens Hospital over a 10- year period. There were 60 boys (73.2%) and 22 girls (2608%). The mean ages was 7years. According to Ann Arbor staging system, there have been 13 stagel (15.9% ) stagell ( 36.6%), 32 stagell (39%) and 7 stage IV patients (8.5%), 35 patients (42.7%) showed constitutional symptoms ( B group). The histologic subtypes among 82 children with Hodgkins disease has been mixed cellularity(45.1%), followed by nodular sclerosis (32.9%) and Lymphocyte predominant(18.3%). Lymphocyte depletion occurred only in three patients (3.7%). Most patients complaint about indolent peripheral lymphadenopathy as the initial sign of Hodgkins disese. Primary tumor sites were in the followed frequency: cervical (91.5%) of all patients), axillary (26.8%), inguinal (9.7%) and supraclavicular (8.5%) lymphonoders. 15 patients had received radiotherapy, 32 chemotherapy and 31 combined modality treatment. The disease free survival for 66 patients under follow up was 80% with mean time of 35 months.
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Ali Amani,
Volume 1, Issue 5 (Winter 1997)
Abstract
Exclusive breast feeding for the first six months of the life and then breast feeding with supplemental nutrition of the two year of age are the best way of feeding. Although almost all mothers are able to have successful breast feeding, many infants are still being fed by fomula or receiving supplemental nutrition from the first month of life. In this study, information about 400 infants between 4-6 months of life fed by non-exclusive breast feeding method chosen with simple randomization has been gathered. The most common cause of non-exclusive breast feeding was infantile restlessness (36.2%). The other causes include: incorrect mothers belief about milk insufficiency, family advices, fewer weight gaining of infants (7.7%), business of mother (6.5%), maternal and infantial diseases (2.2%) and advice of some physicians (2%).Although 75% of the mothers has been educated during pregnancy of perinatal period, but they did not feed exclusively their infants with breast milk.
Mozhgan Hashemieh ,
Volume 2, Issue 6 (Spring 1999)
Abstract
Major thalassemia is the most prevalent hemoglobinopathy in the world.one of the accidents of this disease is endocrinopathy due to hemosiderosis. This study was performed on 50 thalassemic patients in arak city in order to aeeesss the incidence of diabetes mellitus among these patients. Fasting blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance test were requested for all patients. The mean age was 11 and 48% of patients were in the range of 5-9 years old. 52% of patients were female and 48% of them were male. 10% of patients had positive family history. 8% of patients had overt diabetes mellitus and 4% of them had impaired oral glucose tolerance test. Among four diabetes patients three of them had received transfusion for more than 10 years. There was a significant relationship between the incidence of diabetes mellitus and duration of transfusion (p<0.001). In 56% of patients the level of ferritin was above 1000mg/lit. Among 4 diabetes patients, in 3 of them the level of ferritin was above 1000mg/lit. There is a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and ferritin level(p=0.025). Insulin usage can control blood sugar level in diabetes thalassemic patients.
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Fataneh Kobar Fard ,
Volume 2, Issue 7 (Summer 1999)
Abstract
This study was performed on 50 thalassemic patients in Arak city in order to assess the incidence of hearing loss among these patients. Evaluation of hearing loss in these patients were done with audiometry tests. The mean age was 10 and 40% of patients were in the range of 5-9 years old, 54% of patients were female and 46% of them were male. M/F ratio was 0.85%. 86% of patients have used Desferal (DFO) , and 14% of them have not used DFO. 14% of patients that have hearing loss, were in DFO user group. Also there is a significant relationship between hearing loss and DFO usage and between duration of DFO usage and hearing loss too. There is no significant relationship between hearing loss and ferritin level Thalassemic patients that use DFO must be assess with serial audiometry tests in order to prevent the effect of ototoxicity of Desferal.
Zarganj Fard, Pouran Hashemi , Masoume Falahian,
Volume 2, Issue 8 (Autumn 1999)
Abstract
One of the most critical problems in the world is control of population. Usage of DMPA (Depo Medroxy Progestrone Acetate) is one effective method for contraception. This study was done on 55 patients in Imam Hossein Hospital of Tehran. The interval of injections of DMPA were 3 months and the dosage of this hormone was 150 grams; In this research the side effect of DMPA on the compliance of patients the cause of discontinuation of DMPA were assessed. 18 number of patients has received 4 and 17 number of them had received only 1 injection. The age of majority of them were over 30 years and 34 of them had one or two children. 88% of these women had menstrural abnormalities and the most problem was amenorrhea. The majority of women in this study had weight gain ( mean 6.9Kg). Hypertension was not side effect of DMPA. The most common complaints of our patients were menstrural abnormalities, headache and nervousness. The most common cause of discontinuation of DMPA was menstrural problems especially amenorrhea. One case of pregnancy has occurred between 55 patients in this study.
Mozhgan Hashemieh ,
Volume 2, Issue 8 (Autumn 1999)
Abstract
In this research , 44 hemophilic and 70 thalassemic patients were considered to obtain prevalence of hepatitis C infection by Elisa and PCR methods. In this study , liver function tests ( AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase) evaluated for all cases and determination of HCV RNA was performed for cases which Anti-HCV was positive. 36 of hemophilic (81.8%) and 3 of thalassemic patients (4/3%) were Anti - HCv positive by Elisa Method and the same proportion was reported about HCV RNA. In thalassemic patients there was no significant relation between age ans sex with HCv infection, but relation between HCV and liver entzymes (ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase) were significant. In hemophilic patients there was a significant relation between age and HCV infection but there was no meaningful relation between the yype and severity of hemophilia and HCV infection. Also the relation between HCV infection and liver enzymes (AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase ) in these patients were significant.
Nemat Billan , Mozhgan Hashemieh ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring 2000)
Abstract
The aim of this research is the study of sensitivity , specificity , positive and negative predictive value of conjunctival , nail bed and palmar pallor for estimination of severity of anemia. This study was done on pediatric hospitalized patients who were under 14 years old in Amir-Kabir hospital of Arak City. The results of this study show that total number of patients were 1341 , which 564 cases ( about 42% ) according to laboratory tests had anemia. Sensitivity of clinical tests in diagnosis of childhood anemia correlates with severity of anemia, for example, the sensitivity of palmar pallor for detection of mild anemia is 8.9% and for severe anemia is 100%. Also positive predictive value of clinical findings varies according to severity of anemia. Positive predictive value of palmar pallor for detection of mild anemia is 26.3% and for severe anemia is 94.8%. Generally , theses clinical tests have a high validity in diagnosis of severe anemia.
Mozhgan Hashemieh ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring 2000)
Abstract
The various enzymatic defects of red blood cells cause some genetical diseases, of which the most important and the most common is G6PD deficiency. G6Pd deficiency is one of the most common causes of hemolysis in newborn period and can lead to anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and kernicterus. In this study we tries to find out incidence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in icteric hospitalized neonates in newborns wards of Taleghani and Amir Kabir hospitals, in Arak city from December 1998 to January 1999. We concluded that: The total hospitalized, icteric neonates were 332, 63.86% were male and 36.14% of them were female. The icteric neonates with G6PD deficiency were 6.02% and 93.98% of them had normal G6Pd enzyme. All of the G6Pd deficient neonates were male. The onset of icter in G6Pd-deficient neonates was between second and 6th day. In 80% of icteric G6PD deficient neonates, the bilirubin total was over 18 mg/dl.G6Pd deficiency in neonates with hemolytic anemia were, 12.5%. Positive familiar history in icteric neonates with G6PD deficiency were 15%. The rate of exchange transfusion among icteric G6PD deficient patients were 15%. The most common blood group in icteric neonates with G6PD deficiency was B+ (incidence 50%)
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Gholamali Fatahi Bayat,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring 2001)
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important disease in the newborn period that can lead to many complications and even death. This study is a descriptive study which was done on neonataes who admitted in neonatal and NICU wards of Amir-Kabir and Taleghani Hospitals in Arak City from March 1999 to March 2000. The number of cases in this study were 500 and all of them were evaluated and sepsis work up were done. The frequency of neonatal sepsis in male neonates was more than female neonates and M/F ratio was 1.4. The ratio of neonatal sepsis in premature neonates to term neonates was 1.5. The ratio of sepsis neonatal in L.B.W neonates to normal neonates was 1.4. The most common clinical manifestation of neonatal sepsis in this study was poor feeding. 75% of patients had early-onset sepsis and 25% of patients had late-onset sepsis. In our study from 474 neonates, blood culture in 25 cases were positive. The most common microorganisms were non fermentative gram negative bacilli (32%) and Klebsiella (28%). 24 neonates had positive urine culture and the most common etiologic agent was Klebsiella. Leukocytosis and anemia were detected in 31.2% and 17.95% of our patients. The mortality rate in these neonates were 18.4%.
Reza Ghasemi-Khah , Abdolhossein Dalimi-Asl , Bijhan Hashemi-Malayeri ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Summer 2003)
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the importance of hydatid cyst and its pathophysiological effects on the human body, we attempt to propose a method for killing of hydatid cyst protoscoleces in vitro condition using low voltage direct electrical current.
Materials and Methods: After collecting hydatid cyst from infected organs of slaughtered animals, their protoscoleces were cultured in four separated media of hydatid consisting of uid, RPMI, normal saline and Tris buffer. The protoscoleces with the same media were transferred to an electrolysis device, and then various sets of electric current density were applied. For measuring the survival rate of protoscolcces, the same cells movement as well as Eosin staining were used as standard techniques.
Results: Our findings indicated that the survival rate of protoscoleces in hydatid fluid was dependent on the electric current density and the time of the applied current. In this regard, the highest survival rate of 86.3% was observed when electric current density of 42.96 mA/cm2 was applied for one minute; while the survival rate of 0% was observed when an electric current density of 63.5 mA/cm2 was applied for one minute. In the RPMI, normal saline and Tris buffer media, similar results were obtained.
Conclusion: Low voltage of direct current can be used in destroying of protoscoleces during surgery on different body organs without any injury to host tissue and any relapse of the infection.
Nasrin Roozbahani, Fereshteh Narenji, Sharareh Khosravi , Mahtab Attarha, Masoumeh Hashemi, Jamshid Momeni Esfahani,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Sex ratio is referred to male, female ration which is usually 1.06. This ratio is decreased during the last few years. One of its reasons seems to be poisons and environmental pollutions such as cigarette smoke. In this investigation we studied the relationship between fathers cigarette smoking and sex ratio in children.
Materials and Methods: This is a historical cohort study. Study population were neonates born in Arak hospitals during summer and autumn 1383. Sample size was determined 710 neonates, based on α=5%, β=10%. Sampling method was census in which all newborns with inclusion criteria were selected and questionnaires were filled. Samples were divided into three groups. 1-newborns with nonsmoker fathers 2- newborns with smoker fathers (less than 20 cigarette a day) 3- newborns with smoker fathers (20 or more cigarettes a day) (fathers cigarette smoking at least 3 months before conception in second and third group). Newborns sex ratio was determined in each group and caparisoned. Data analysis was done by frequency, ratio, mean and standard deviation indexes and k-s, leven, t, mann-whitney, chi square tests and relative risk, using SPSS software. At all stages study Helsinki declaration was regarded.
Results: Overall sex ratio was 1.04. This ratio was 1.272 for neonates with nonsmoker fathers and 0.77 for neonates with smoker fathers. Also sex ratio in newborns with smoker fathers using less than 20 cigarettes a day was 0.846 and for those with fathers using 20 or more was 0.60. Based on chi square there was a meaningful relationship between the three groups (p<0.00001). Relative risk in low cigarette group was 1.23 and in high cigarette group 1.42.
Conclusion: Based on findings it seems that fathers cigarette smoking near conception results in decreasing sex ratio and the increased use of cigarettes the decreased born of male neonates.
Saiid Hajihashemi, Estanli White,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies suggest that endocytosis of ROMK channels is important for regulation of K+ secretion in cortical collecting ducts. In this study the effect of V364D mutation is examined on the membrane turnover and stability of ROMK2 channel when expressing in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, oocytes were isolated by standard protocols using collagenase (Type 1A). Mutations of the cytoplasmic termini of ROMK2 were constructed using the quikchange approach for site-directed mutagensis. Xenopus oocytes were injected with cRNA encoding ROMK2 or V364D mutant three days prior to treatment with BFA solution (time 0). Brefeldin A (BFA) was added to the OR3 medium (+BFA) at concentrations of 5-25 μM (inhibit insertion of new proteins into the cell membrane) or ethanol as BFA vehicle (-BFA). Two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) was used to measure oocyte ROMK-dependent currents and membrane potential. Data was analysed using Student’s t-tests or ANOVA as appropriate. Results: Incubation of oocytes expressing ROMK2 channels in both 5µM and 25 µM BFA caused a reduction in the normalized steady state currents. The effect of BFA was dose dependent. In oocytes expressing the V364D mutant, there was no decay in current at any time point during incubation with BFA at either 5 M or 25 M. The fractional current for ROMK2 at 48h following treatment of oocytes with BFA was 0.24 0.05 (n=16) which was significantly different to V364D mutant (1.17 0.09). Conclusion: These results show that the V364D mutation increases the general stability of ROMK and renderes the protein resistant to endocytosis, consistent with the idea that there is an interaction between the C-terminal of ROMK2 and components of the endocytotic pathway. A functional PDZ domain (the S-E-V) plays a key role in determining stability of ROMK.
Abbas Tabatabaii, Gholamreza Mihajeri, Mozafar Hashemi, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri, Sheida Savadkoohi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the absence of frozen section in the majority of hospitals, malignant breast masses are being operated in two admissions first for biopsy and second for mastectomy. With simple and rapid technique of touch imprint (intraoperative cytology) both operations can be done in the same time. In this study the diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative cytology (touch imprint) in malignancy of breast masses is evaluated. Materials and Methods: During 2003 to 2006, reports of touch imprints of 70 patients with breast masses were compared to reports of their permanent section. Based on gathered data, positive and negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio of the test were determined. Results: In 70 patients, 39 cases had malignant and 31 cases had benign masses. In 39 patients with malignant masses, 36 patients had malignant and 3 patients had benign cytologic reports. In 31 patients with benign masses 2 patients had malignant reports in cytology. Therefore sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of touch imprint in diagnosis of malignant breast masses were 92.3%, 93.5% and 92.9% respectively. Conclusion: Because of high specificity of touch imprint, it seems that this test can be done in centers that do not have frozen section for intraoperative diagnosis of malignant breast masses.
Mozhgan Hashemi, Sharare Khosravi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Thalassemia patients are transfusion dependent and the consequence of these repeated transfusions is hemosiderosis. Therefore these patients need iron chelator drugs. Desferioxamine is an iron chelator drug that its route of administration is subcutaneous which is very difficult for patients. Deferiprone (L1) is an oral iron chelator drug that is easy to use for thalassemic patients. The aim of this study is the efficacy assessment of L1 on ferritin level in Arak city during 6 months. Materials and Methods: In this before and after clinical trial study, 33 patients underwent treatment with L1, with the dose of 75 mg/kg/day.The mean of ferritin level in patients was measured before and 6 months after receiving L1. Data was analyzed using paired t-test. Results: The mean age of patients was 17.2±1 years (10-34 years old). The mean ferritin level before administration of L1 was 1881±257 mcgr/l and after administration of the drug was 2495±384 which had no significant difference. Side effects were leukopenia (3%), rise of ALT (35%) and increase of AST (60%) which were all transient. Conclusion: Although the level of ferritin increased after the treatment with L1, but there was no significant difference and it seems that the drug can have a good effect in decreasing iron. All of he patients in this study have received the drug for 6 months. Therefore we need other studies with longer duration in order to assess the efficacy of Deferiprone.
Saeed Hajihashemi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (5-2009)
Abstract
Background: In this study, the effects of S362A and S362D mutations on the membrane turnover and the stability of ROMK2 channel when expressing in Xenopus laevis oocytes are examined . Methods and Materials:In this experimental study, oocytes were isolated by standard protocols using collagens (Type 1A). Mutations of the cytoplasmic termini of ROMK2 were constructed using the quick-change approach for site-directed mutagenesis. Xenopus oocytes were injected with cRNA encoding ROMK2 or S362A or S362D mutant three days prior to treatment with BFA solution (time 0). Brefeldin A (BFA) was added to the OR3 medium (+BFA) at concentrations of 25µM (inhibit insertion of new proteins into the cell membrane) or ethanol as BFA vehicle (-BFA). Two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) was used to measure oocyte ROMK-dependent currents and membrane potential. Results: In oocytes was expressing ROMK2 and/or the S362A mutant, there was significant reduce in current and membrane voltage of K. The fractional currents for ROMK2 and S362D mutant demonstrated a slight difference 48h following treatment of oocytes with BFA, 0.160.05(n=18) and 0.110.05(n=18) respectively. This was however, significantly different from the fractional current of S362A mutant which stood at 0.960.05(n=24). Conclusion: Mutant Serine residue S362A which causes phosphorylation in endocytosis and helps determine the number of ROMK2, plays an important part in PDZ domain.
Mahdi Taheri Sarvtin, Amir Farhang Zand Parsa, Parivash Kordbacheh, Jamal Hashemi, Mahmood Mahmoudi, Roshanak Daie, Mahin Safara, Ayat Ahmadi, Mahdi Osooli,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Background: Candida species are the most common yeasts that reside in oral cavity in 30 - 50% of people, and are capable to produce opportunistic infections within the oral cavity. This study was done to determine the effect of cigarette smoking on the type and degree of Candida oral carriage.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, oral Candida flora in 34 smoker and 66 non-smoker men were compared. All of the samples were collected by swab and examined by direct microscopy and culture on CHOROM agar Candida and corn meal agar media. Isolated colonies were identified by carbohydrate assimilation method using RapID Yeast PLUS System.
Results: Out of the 34 smoker individuals, 27(79.4%) had Candida colonization in their oral cavity while 30(45.5%) of the 66 non-smoker individuals had developed this kind of colonization. A significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.05). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the degree of colonisation and the type of candida species which were isolated from the oral cavity of the smoker and nonsmoker groups.
Conclusion: Cigarette smoking can act as an important underlying factor in oral candidiasis.
Mahzad Erami, Mahmood Saffari, Seyeid Ali Pourbakhsh, Seyeid Jamal Hashemi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (5-2011)
Abstract
Background: Food contamination with fungi and the production of mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin, allow the toxins to enter human body. Continuous contamination with low doses of these agents can act as a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus the present study was carried out to evaluate the detection of contamination in eggs with aflatoxin by PCR method.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 144 suspicious and 211 intake eggs were collected and three samples of fungi including aspergillus niger, penicillium expansum, and fusarium verticillioides as negative controls and 14 samples of aspergillus flavus as positive controls were selected and examined using TLC and PCR. The results were analyzed through SPSS software.
Results: By PCR, neither aflR, omt-A, and ver-1, nor-1 was detected in intake eggs by PCR. Of the suspected eggs, four samples with nor-1, two samples with aflR, and two samples with omt-A could be detected. Three samples of the 14 strains of aspergillus flavus were shown to be positive through the use of TLC and the four primers. One strain of aspergillus flavus was positive with all of the four primers however, it was negative in TLC.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that PCR is a sensitive, fast, and specialized technique, but it cannot detect the presence of the fungi before the appearance of colonization. Thus for indicating toxcification, other complementary tests are also required.
Ali Hashemi, Saeed Shams, Mohammad Barati, Azizeh Samedani,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (9-2011)
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infection which due to extended spectrum-beta lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) producing strains is resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to detect ESBL and MBL producing P.aeruginosa isolated from patients and investigate the effects of methanol extracts of Zataria multiflora, Myrtus communis, and Peganum harmala on them.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, samples were obtained from 245 patients, referring to Shafa Hospital, Kerman, Iran. ESBLs producing strains were detected by double disk synergy test and phenotypic confirmatory test. In addition, E-test strips were used for MBL detection. P.aeruginosa MIC was determined for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, azteronam, imipenem, and meropenem. Methanol extracts of Zataria multiflora, Peganum harmala, and Myrtus communis plants were prepared by Agar perculation method.
Results: Out of 245 patients referring to the burn unit, 120 P.aeruginosa isolates were detected from which 41 contained ESBL but they lacked MBL. 60% of isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, 66% to ceftazidime, 42% to azteronam, 3% to imipenem, and 5% to meropenem. Among the extracts, Zataria multiflora had the highest antibacterial effect on standard strains of P.aeruginosa in comparison with Peganum harmala and Myrtus communis.
Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL producing P.aeruginosa strains is high. In addition, noticing their high antibiotic resistance, utilization of herbs, such as Zataria multiflora may be considered an appropriate alternative for treatment however, more investigations are needed.
