Showing 10 results for Ghandi
Sayed Mohamad Ali Shariatzadeh, Malek Soleimanimehranjani, Ahmad Hamta, Maryam Ghandizadehdezfuli,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (June-July 2012)
Abstract
Background: Sodium arsenite has adverse effects on the reproductive system and vitamin E is a strong antioxidant and reproductive factor in the reproductive system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E on the structure and the number of ovarian follicles during its development in rats treated with sodium arsenite. Materials and Methods: Pregnant Wister rats (n=4) were divided into 4 equal groups, including control, vitamin E (100mg/kg/day), sodium arsenite (8mg/kg/day), and sodium arsenite+vitamin E. Oral treatment of the pregnant rats started from the 7th day of pregnancy till the end of the weaning and continued till the age of 120 days. After the treatment period, the right ovary was removed and fixed, and then the mean number of ovarian follicles and atretic follicles, mean thickness of zona pellucida, and volume of oocytes and its nuclei in different types of follicle were determined. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and the mean difference was considered significant at P<0.05. Results: In the vitamin E+sodium arsenite group, significant increase(P<0.05) in the total number of follicles, mean number of primordial, primary, secondary, antral, and graafian follicles, significant reduction (P<0.05) in atretic follicles, and significant increase(P<0.05) in the thickness of zona pllucida in secondary and antral follicles as well as oocyte volume in parimordial and primary follicles and its nuclei in primary, secondary, antral, and graffian follicles were observed in comparison with the other groups. Vitamin E in the sodium arsenite+vitamin E group increased the number of different types of follicles and the thickness of the zona pllucida (P<0.05), decreased the number of atretic follicles, and increased the volume of oocyte and its nuclei to the level of the control group. Conclusion: Vitamin E can be administered as a supplement to compensate for the adverse effects of sodium arsenite.
Ahmad Reza Ghandi, Hossein Ali Hadi, Ahmad Reza Behruzi, Ahmad Reza Holakooie,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (September 2012)
Abstract
Background: Genu varum is a deformity marked by outward bowing of the leg which is accompanied with pain only in severe cases. Failure in timely diagnosis results in the loss of quality of life in future and high health care costs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate genu varum prevalence in male students aged 7-16 years and identify the cases in need of treatment. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, femoral intercondylar distance (ICD) of 3692 male students aged 7-16 years who were chosen randomly in Arak city was measured. ICD>0.5 cm was considered as genu varum and to determine whether cases need treatment, the MT-MF angle and WBL% were used. Results: The results indicated that the prevalence of genu varum was 2.53% in primary school, 6.98% in junior high school, and 16.33% in senior high school students. The findings showed a significant relationship between the prevalence of genu varum and age, BMI, and the history of lower limb trauma with or without fracture. Overall, 33% of the students required treatment. Conclusion: Considering the importance of having healthy knees, clinical examination and regular screening programs for identifying cases with mild genu varum is recommended. The importance of implementation of regular screening programs is confirmed by the increasing prevalence of diseases associated with age and the high percentage of patients requiring treatment.
Ahmadreza Ghandi, Parsa Yousefi, Hosseinali Hadi, Ahmadreza Behrouzi, Aahdieh Sadat Ghafari,
Volume 15, Issue 7 (December 2012)
Abstract
Background: Transient hip tenosynovitis is one of the common causes of pain and limping in children and includes 0.4% to 0.9% of admissions in emergency wards. The aim of this study is to evaluate this disease in terms of clinical presentations, age and sex distribution, and six-month recurrence. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 children with diagnosis of transient hip tenosynovitis were investigated. Inclusion criteria were physician's clinical suspicion of acute tenosynovitis according to clinical presentations, physical exam, and age range of 3 to 8 years. Results: Among the 51 children with tenosynovitis, 34 patients were male with age of 61.70±19.1 months and 17 patients were female with mean age of 48.35±20.49 months that presented a significant statistical difference (p=0.026). The most common complaint was hip pain and the most commonly involved joint was the hip. Also, most of the patients had the history of viral diseases. Conclusion: Transient hip tenosynovitis is more common in boys. The right hip is the most involved joint and the majority of patients have the history of recent viral diseases.
Ahmad Reza Behruzi, Hossein Ali Hadi, Ahmad Reza Ghandi, Akram Esmaili,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background: Noticing the particular importance of timely detection of scoliosis due to its progression over the time and associated complications such as non-symmetric appearance, movement restrictions, and sometimes disturbance in cardiac or respiratory function, this screening study was designed to investigate the prevalence of scoliosis in pupils aged 9-16 in Arak.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 984 students aged 9-16 years in Arak, Iran, who were randomly selected by clustering method, were screened for scoliosis by Adams test and suspected pupils were examined by orthopedics and PA X-ray was applied for them. For diagnosis confirmation, the Cobb angle was calculated and angle>6 was considered as scoliosis.
Results: Based on the results, the prevalence of scoliosis was 1.52% and 1.21% in female students and 3.21% in male students. The Cobb angle of about 67% of the cases was less than 10 which indicated minor scoliosis.
Conclusion: The results of the present study necessitate school-based scoliosis screening so that early detection of the disease allows for implementation of a suitable treatment program which can prevent the development of the disease and the financial burden of surgery and its complications.
Ahmad Reza Behruzi, Mohammad Hossein Hadi, Ahmad Reza Ghandi, Ghasem Mosayebi,
Volume 16, Issue 11 (2-2014)
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone density and loss of structural integrity which can increase the risk of bone fracture and its side effects. In the recent studies, new evidences of the relationship between immune system such as TNF-&alpha and IL-17A and bone destruction have been accumulated. The aim of present study was to investigate serum level of TNF-&alpha and IL-17A in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical study 40 women with post-menopausal osteoporosis and 10 healthy women were enrolled to the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The serum level of TNF-&alpha and IL-17A were calculated by using ELISA method and compared between groups.
Results: The mean level of TNF-&alpha in case and control group was 957.7±479.01 and 418.09±176.7 respectively which in case group was significantly more than control group (p=0.001). The mean level of IL-17A in case and control group was 95.23±36.7 and 125.7±30.6 respectively which in case group was significantly less than control group (p=0.019).
Conclusion: The level of TNF-&alpha in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis was more than healthy women which can mention the roll of TNF-&alpha in pathogenesis of osteoporosis and potential therapeutic roll of anti TNF-&alpha agents but because of unclear roll of IL-17A in pathogenesis of osteoporosis we could not explain its mechanism in pathogenesis of osteoporosis. It seems more studies with regard to IL-17A roll in bone metabolism is required.
Amir Reza Naimi, Mohammad Reza Zafarghandi,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background: Radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) at wrist is the vascular choice for dialysis. In the absence of a suitable vein in the wrist, elbow brachiocephalic fistula is the next choice. In this study to create an arteriovenous fistula in antecubital area, we turned to the proximal radial artery in comparison to brachial artery in antecobital area for dialysis.
Materials and Methods: We reviewed 124patients in clinical trial study that candidated for placement of AVF for dialysis in antecubital area .To create AVF ,proximal radial artery in 62 patients and brachial artery in 62 other patients selected as the artery of choice,then patients followed based on complications ,steal syndrome ,primary failure and mean time to prepare for dialysis.
Results: The mean time of maturation of AVF in brachial group was 41 days and in radial group was 43 days. Primary dysfunction in brachial group was 6 cases (10%) and in radial group was 5 cases (8%). Steal syndrome in radial group was not seen but in brachial group 2 cases (3%) were seen.
Conclusion: According to the primary success, steal syndrome and mean time of maturation of these two arteries had no significant statistic differences, but like other previous studies, this study emphasizes on usefulness and less complications. On the other hand, due to the anterior anatomical position and allowing the release of the artery, it causes easy technique for creating AVF anastomosis to the antecubital arteries and its branches.. Therefore, this study recommends use of this artery in creation of AVF in antecubital area.
Seyyed Payam Shariatpanahi, Danial Habibi, Mohammad Rafiei, Yazdan Ghandi, Mehdi Anvari,
Volume 20, Issue 12 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Today, the high prevalence of diabetes and its complications are one of the most important public health issues worldwide. For this reason, finding relations between diabetes risk factors is very effective in preventing and reducing complications. For discovering these relations, the data mining methods can be used. By extracting association rules, which is one of the data mining techniques, we can discover the relations between a large numbers of variables in a disease.
Materials and Methods: The population of this study was 1046 patients with type 2 diabetes, whose data had recorded between 2011 and 2014 at the Special Clinic for Diabetes in Tehran's Imam Khomeini Hospital. After pre-processing step with SPSS19 software, 573 people entered the analysis phase. The FP-Growth algorithm was applied to the data set to discover the relations between heart attack and other risk factors using Rapid miner5 software. Relations, after extraction, were given to the doctor to confirm clinical validation.
Results: The obtained results of studying these 573 people (Including 292 (51%) women and 281 (49%) men, with age range 27 to 82 years) showed that the lack of blood pressure, creatinine and diastolic blood pressure at its normal level, despite higher systolic blood pressure level than normal, doesn't increase the probability of heart attack.
Conclusion: Using association rules is a good way of identifying relations between the risk factors of a disease. Also, it can provide new hypotheses to do epidemiological studies for researchers.
Yazdan Ghandi, Nooshin Sajadei, Seyed Mojtaba Hashemi, Javad Farahani,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (June & July 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the importance of childhood obesity and easier correction of related factors in this age group, the present study aimed to investigate the role of some factors related to family, nutrition, and lifestyle on childhood obesity.
Methods & Materials: This age-matched case-control study was performed on 150 obese and 150 healthy children, aged 2-15 years referring to Amir-Kabir Hospital in Arak City, Iran. Obesity was calculated based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Required information, including family factors, nutritional factors, and lifestyle characteristics were collected by a checklist.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.119).
Results The results of Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% of Confidence Interval (CI) were in favor of father’s age of 25-35 and over 35 years (0.24), respectively, father’s overweight and obesity (3.87 and 3.57), mother’s overweight and obesity (3.81 and 5.5)7, more than three children per household (3.33), low and high consumption of fruits and vegetables (0.3 and 0.19), breakfast eating (0.43), dietary supplementation (2.68), consuming fast food (3.98), more than two hours of playing a computer game (3.5), chewing well (0.38), using food as a reward (1.89), as well as participating in food and table preparation (3.14). We found a dose-response association between children’s obesity and parents’ BMI, the number of children, and computer games.
Conclusion: Obesity is associated with some factors related to the family, such as nutrition, computer games, and lifestyle characteristics. Due to various risk factors and adjustable safeguards, it is necessary to provide families and children with proper education to reduce obesity.
Maryam Beheshtifard, Saeed Alinejad, Danial Habibi, Yazdan Ghandi,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (October & November 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is a common problem in premature neonates, especially in neonate’s low birth weight (LBW). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral and intravenous ibuprofen in the management of PDA.
Methods & Materials: We enrolled 40 low birth weight neonates (gestational age <37 weeks) with PDA into semi-experimental study. the LBW neonates received ibuprofen as an initial dose of 10 mg/kg, followed by 5 mg/kg at 24 and 48 hours later. The exclusion criteria were congenital chromosome anomalies, congenital heart disease, asphyxia, sepsis. The PDA was initially confirmed by echocardiography. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by echocardiography after the treatment.
Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.265).
Results: Of the total participants 37.5% (female 25) were girls. Gestational age ranges from 29 to 36 weeks. The average birth weight was 1639±616 gr and the minimum of weight 750 gr. the mean gestational age was 30.4±4.0 weeks. After the first dose of ibuprofen, closure of PDA was observed in 32 patients (80%), PDA closed in eight patients (20%) with to repeat course ibuprofen. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of ibuprofen use with gestational age (P=0.06), birth weight (P=0.08), type of delivery (P=0.068) and multiple births (P=0.061).
Conclusion: Most LBW neonate with PDA responded to using the first course of ibuprofen. extremely, all LBW infants responded to the second course. it seems that ibuprofen is as effective as ibuprofen for PDA closure even in LBW infants.
Farnaz Ghorbani, Mostafa Ghandi, Navid Yousefi, Maryam Shokri Mojdeh,
Volume 25, Issue 6 (February & March 2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Dentists are at high risk for COVID19 disease and spreading it to colleagues, families and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate COVID 19 epidemic anxiety among students and dental assistants of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In this descriptive-Analytic cross-sectional study, 142 dental students who were willing to participate the study were surveyed. Data collection tools was included a demographic and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) questionnaire. After collecting information, each participant's anxiety score was measured from zero to 54. These raw scores were converted to standard T scores for comparability with other studies, and according to the scope of standard T studies, participants in one of three groups of no anxiety or mild (T≤ 39), moderate (60 ≤ T ≤ 40), And severe anxiety (T≥61), and then the data were analyzed with SPSS23 statistical software. Ethical code of this study is IR.QUMS.REC.1399.224 in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.
Results: According to the results, the level of anxiety was higher in older age groups, among men against women, and among married against single people, respectively. Also, the level of anxiety caused by Coronaviruses pandemic was higher in undergraduate against postgraduate students. However, difference was not statistically significant (P <0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the study, it can be stated that the level of coronaviruses anxiety in dental students is mild. In these situation, measures to maintain the psychological health of students should be a necessity of the planning of the directors and professors of the dental school.
