Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences

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Determining the postoperative survival in patients with gastric cancer and the associated factors using Cox and Lin-Ying additive hazards models

Saman Maroufizadeh, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Ahmad Reza Baghestani, Seyed Reza Fatemi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (June-July 2012)

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer is a common and lethal disease throughout the world. This study was designed and carried out to determine the five-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients who had undergone surgical treatment at Taleghani Hospital of Tehran, and to assess its associated factors. Materials and Methods: In this historical-cohort study, information obtained from a total of 213 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery at Taleghani Hospital of Tehran between 2003 and 2008 was included. In the analyses, Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, Cox proportional hazards model, and Lin-Ying additive hazards model were used. Results: The five-year survival rate and the median life expectancy in the studied patients were 14.6% and 29.6 months, respectively. Two covariates showed significant impacts on the gastric cancer patients’ data in both models: age at diagnosis and tumor size. We found that pathologic stage was significant under the Lin-Ying model (P=0.043) however, it was not significant under the Cox model (P=0.069). Other clinicopathological characteristics were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Since Cox and Lin-Ying models consider different aspects of the association between risk factors and the study outcome, it seems desirable to use both of them as complementary models but not as alternative models to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of data. This study showed that the early detection of patients in younger ages and in primary stages is important to decrease the risk of death in patients with gastric cancer and to increase the survival rate.

Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles on Morphine Dependence in Mice in the Presence and Absence of Vitamin C

Maryam Keiry, Mahnaz Kesmati, Hossein Najaf Zadeh, Seyed Reza Fatemi,
Volume 17, Issue 10 (1-2015)

Abstract

Background: With the increasing use of nanoparticles of zinc Oxide (nZnO) in the industry, the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the effects of the nanoparticles on opioid dependence and its possible interaction with vitamin C (as an antioxidant agent) has not been indicated. This study aimed to clarify the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on morphine dependence in the presence and absence of vitamin C in CPP method.

Materials and Methods: In this study, adult male mice weighing 25±3 g were used in the groups which received different doses of morphine(2/5, 5, 10 mg/kg, Sc), Nano ZnO (1, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, IP), vitamin C (1, 5, 25 mg/kg, IP) and groups which receiving combination of vitamin C and nano ZnO. All categories received morphine 5 mg / kg, for induction and diagnosis of dependence in CPP.

Results: Nano ZnO concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, IP) caused a significant decrease in morphine CPP (p <0.01, p <0.001) and the 1 mg/kg of nano was ineffective. Vitamin C in doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg decreased the expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (p<0.01) and a value of 1 mg/kg had no effects. All doses of ZnO in the presence of ineffective dose of vitamin C showed a stronger inhibitory effect than to alone nZnO in morphine CCP.

Conclusion: The combination of vitamin C and Nano ZnO are more effective to deal with the psychological dependence to morphin and probably can provide a new approach to addiction treatment.

Effect of the Alcoholic Extract of Portulaca Oleracea on Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Majid Askaripour, Syed Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei, Hossein Najafzadehvarzi, Foruzan Hosseini,
Volume 18, Issue 11 (2-2016)

Abstract

Background: Renal injury following ischemia - reperfusion (I/R) is still an unavoidable problem in many remedial and medical situations. Portulaca oleracea (PO) has been known for its anti-oxidative effects. Then, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of PO (EEPO) on the renal function and antioxidant status after induction of I/R injury in the rat kidney.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 rats (Wistar) were divided into five groups (n = 6 each). Sham group: underwent laparotomy without I/R, EEPO group: EEPO administered 300 mg/kg then was operated like sham, I/R group: was underwent renal ischemia/reperfusion only, EEPO150+ I/R and AEPO300+ I/R groups: were administered PO 150 and 300 mg/kg then underwent I/R operation. PO extract was administered for 5 days in the relevant groups by gavage. Serum urea and creatinine (Scr), the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc LSD test. P values of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant.

Results: Induction of I/R and pretreatment with PO extract, increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in comparison with sham group (p<0.05, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the levels of MDA, GSH and TAA among different groups. On the other hand, the Scr and serum urea of the I/R and treated groups were elevated compared to the sham group (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of PO did not strongly affect the renal antioxidant status and could not prevent the renal injury following I/R.

The Effects of Two Acute Eccentric and Concentric Exercises on Serum Irisin Level and Insulin Resistance Index in Inactive Obese Women

Faranak Balaghi Inaloo, Saeed Shakeryan, Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh, Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei,
Volume 19, Issue 9 (12-2016)

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Recently a myokine named irisin has been discovered that effects on obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis through browning white adipose tissue and thermogenesis. However, the effects of type and intensity of exercises on it have remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two acute eccentric and concentric exercises on serum irisin level and insulin resistance in obese sedentary women.

Materials and Methods: The study was quasi-experimental. 15 female students with a body mass index above 30 kg/m² and mean age 24.86±2.87 years participated in the study. After measuring the maximal uptake oxygen of participants, they did two acute eccentric and concentric exercises using treadmill in a cross-over design within 10 days. After at least 8 hours- fasting, blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity, to measure the levels of irisin, glucose and insulin. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. In addition, Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between variables.

Results: the irisin levels increased significantly after both types of exercises (p<0.05), that this increase in concentric activity was more than eccentric activity. Insulin resistance increased immediately after both exercises as well, that this increase in concentric exercise was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: However, both eccentric and concentric exercises had no effect on improving insulin resistance in obese women, but they can be considered as a good stimulus for the secretion of Irisin.

Preparation of Mono Specific Antiserum against Salmonella O and H antigens for Application in Agglutination and ELISA Tests

Mrs. Mahnaz Ghahramani Til, Mrs. Rezvaneh Sadat Fatemi, Dr. Rahman Shokri, Dr. Mahdi Banitalebi Dehkordi, Dr. Mahdi Paryan,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (October & November 2022)

Abstract

Introduction: Salmonella infection (salmonellosis) is a common bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract. Several methods like Multiplex or real-time PCR, ELISA, and Agglutination are used to identify these bacteria. However, normally rapid, cost effective and easy diagnostic methods such as agglutination test is recommended. In Iran, positive control antiserums used in diagnostic kits work based on polyvalent agglutination and are against O and H antigens. The purpose of this research was to produce specific anti-sera against O and H antigens for using in agglutination and ELISA kits.
Methods: New Zealand white rabbits were immunized by intravenous injections of inactivated bacterial O and H antigens adjusted to a cell density equivalent to a turbidity of a McFarland number 3 standard. Serum collection was performed 7 days after the last injection. Collected Antisera were tested with positive human specimens as well as cross-reaction antibodies. Absorption method was used to obtain specific anti-sera against O and H antigens. Produced Anti-O and Anti-H antibodies were mixed with bacterial H and O antigens respectively and incubated for 1 hours in 37˚c. The Mixture was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected. Furthermore, in order to use these antisera in specific kits such as ELISA, Immunofluorescence etc., purification methods like Ammonium sulphate precipitation, tangential Flow Filtration and Chromatography were performed. This study was approved by the ethics committee of Pasteur Institute of Iran (Code: IR.PII.REC.1399.006).
Results: Results of agglutination test before and after adsorption showed cross-reaction before adsorption and no cross-reaction with H and O antigens with monospecific antisera against O and H after adsorption, respectively. Moreover, high quality and quantity of mono-specific antibody was obtained after purification.
Conclusions: Serum-based assays are recommended for the timely diagnosis of the disease since these assays are specific, sensitive, inexpensive, and rapid. Therefore, the produced antiserum in the present research can be used in primary screening of salmonella infections based on agglutination tests which are cost effective and simple. In addition, purified anti-sera can be used in the development of ELISA and Immunofluorescence assays.

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