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Introduction: Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant and primary renal tumor in children. Studies, which have been done in some countries, have introduced numerous factors such as age of incidence, stage, lymphadenopathy, histopathology and etc. Effective in the survival rate of this tumor according to the importance of this tumor in children, we decided to perform a study about the survival rate of Wilms' tumor and the effective factors on it.
Materials and methods: This is an analytic study on 128 patients affected with Wilms' tumor whom referred to the oncology ward of Hazrat-e-Ali Asghar Hospital between 1977 and 2001. In addition to the current status of the patients, demographic characteristics, signs and symptoms, laboratory studies at the time of diagnosis and the stage of the disease were recorded and ultimately survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier procedure and life table. Cox Regression was used to determine the effective factors.
Results: The mean survival rate was 82.99 months. The number of patients was equal in both genders (64 patients in each gender) and the survival average did not have any significant statistical relationship with gender (power=%92.4). Most of the tumors were in stage 3 at the time of diagnosis. The survival of the patients was reducing significantly with the progression of the stage of tumor (P=0.002). The existence of metastasis (P=0.000, odds ratio=0.207), splenomegaly (P=0.018, odds ratio=0.336), and recurrent (P=0.037, odds ratio=0.184), were significantly reducing the survival of the patient. To determine the severity of effective factors on the survival rate of the patients Cox Regression Method was used in which, absence of metastasis and positive blood group were from well-prognosis predictive factors in these patients.
Conclusion: 5-year survival rate of the patients was 63.28% in this study. Which was lower in comparison with the results of other studies in other countries. This can be the result of delay in consulting with medical centers, the diagnosis method and or the Referral State of this center. Recent studies have shown that age and tumor size has minimal values in the prognosis of the patients due to improvement in the quality of treatment and our study support this idea. Genetic factors will probably be used in determining the survival of these patients and also in thcir treatment.

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Introduction: Acute  renal  failure (ARF)  is  one  of  the  relatively  incident  complications  in  surgical  emergency  wards  and  is  defined  as  increasing  serum urea  and  creatinine   and  decreasing  GRF. In  this  study  we  investigated  acute  renal  failure  incidence  in  patients  admitted  to  emergency  surgical  ward.
Materials  and  Methods: This  is  a  cross  sectional  analytical  study  in  which  all patients  with  primary  diagnosis  of  emergency  surgery  (traumatic  or  non traumatic) admitted  in  emergency  surgery  ward  were  selected. After  history  taking  and  physical  assessment  patients  having  history  of  kidney  disease  were  excluded. Urinalysis, BUN  and  creatinine  tests  were  performed  for  all  samples. Data  was  analyzed  by  SPSS  software.
Results: In  this  study  2100  patients  (1280  male)  were  assessed  during  a  10  month  period. 5.66%  of  samples  had  some  degree  of  ARF. 1136  patients  undergone surgery  due  to  accidents  and  trauma  (72%  multiple  trauma  and  28%  single  trauma) and  964  patients  due  to  nontraumatic  emergencies.  ARF  was  seen  in 6.84%  of  the  first  and  4.25%  of  the  second  group. ARF incidence  in  male  and  female  was  5.6%  and  5.7%  respectively.
 ‍Conclusion: The overall  incidence  of  ARF  in  this  study  was  not  so  different  from  developed  countries.   ARF  was  significantly  more  incident  in  traumatic (especially  multiple  trauma)  and  old  aged  patients.  This  factors  must  be  considered  as  ARF  risk  factors  in  emergency  wards.