Showing 40 results for Bayat
Akram Bayati,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Spring 1997)
Abstract
It is probable that umbelicous cord is the most important place of the bacterial colonization, especially S .Aureus, so it has a major effect on neonates morality. Present article suggests how to use a local antibiotics applied to the umbelicous until it has been separated. Hexachlorophane powder can be applied to the axillary and prinea in order to prevent or reduce the colonization of meticilin resistant staphylococus.
Akram Bayati,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (Summer 1997)
Abstract
Since the computer Data Banks are developed in various courses; computer is applied and is introduced as the source and base of training devices in order to improve the level of training. Same as all other educative courses, computer is used in medical science training. Computers which are used for the purpose of training are designed base upon SKINER theories ALL activate conditional principles are applied in these type of computers. Therefor it is obvious that in accordance with experiment the certain proved effects of computer in development of training affairs and providing relative facilities can be indicated.
Mohammad Hassan Davami , Fatemeh Fatahi Bayat,
Volume 1, Issue 5 (Winter 1997)
Abstract
Hydatidosis is one of the most important infectious diseases which is mainly in the animal husbandby area such as Iran. The disease is caused by a worm called Echinococcus granlosus. Surgery seems to be the only treatment From medicine, psychology and economy points of view, study about the spreading and intensity of this disease in each area is necessary. In this study, 250 patients with hydatidosis under surgical treatment were studied. All these patients were residing in surgical sections of various hospitals in Markazi Province during 1991 to 1997. Only 143 patients had full hospital data. Different demographic factors such as sex, age, location, occupation, affected organ and course of treatment were considered. Among them 83% were female and 39.16% were male. The minimum and maximum age of patients were 7 and 79 years old, respectively. The most affected age groups were between 49-10 years old. The majority of patients were living in Arak. Among the patients, 62.26% were living in cities and 87.76% were living in villages and 51.04% of cases were housewives. Liver with 49.18% of cases was considered as second affected organ (M:26.44% , F:42.5% ). Lung with 16.26% was considered as the most affected organ (M:57.6% , F:42.5%). The mean duration for treatment was 12.83%.
Akram Bayati ,
Volume 2, Issue 9 (Winter 1999)
Abstract
Though intravenous injection prevents death of most patients, some of the patients are affected in its complication. The most usual important complication of intravenous fluid therapy is phelibitis , also in children the most important complication is phelibitis. The aim of this research is determination predisposing factors of phelebitis in children that managed by intravenous fluid therapy. This is an analytic and expressive research which its samples are hospitalized children who were in the pediatric hospital of Tehran university. In this research 440 patients were assigned in two groups consist of 220. One group were considered for changing the place of serum and the other group for changing the tube of serum. After getting the satisfaction sheet from parents, the injection performed by graguated nurses and the researcher has closely observed and completed the observation sheet. After collecting the data, the results were analyzed by 2 tests with P<0.05. The results stated that: there is a relation between the change of place and tube of serum, so by increasing period for changing the place of serum the phelibitis is occurancing ratio. Between the pt, s sex in two group and phelibitis wasn’t relation. There is relation between patients ages and complication in the both group, so in small children incidence of complication is higher. In the type of solution, volume of received liquid and place of serum with phelibitis in both groups is related with complication. There is no difference between the change of serum tube and place. In this study, same as other referencespatients, age, change of serum place and serum tube, duration of hospitalization, volume of received and the kind of serum is predisposing factors for phelibitis.
Akram Bayati, Soghrat Faghihzadeh, Abolfazl Rahgouy,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Autumn 2000)
Abstract
ADHD is the most observed Behavoural disorder in primary school students, This research is adiscreptive analytic (Case-Control) research in order to determine the predisposing factors (Socio-Economical, Familial and individual) pertaining to ADHD in primary schools children. This study has done with muiti-stage sampling method on the 82 students with ADHD (case) and 80 normal students (control), that completely accidental has chosen between Arak Primary schools students. The research tools have been the special teachers questionaies. Forms prepared by researchet, After collecting the data, results were analyzed by statistical methods such as X2, Fisher and T-test with p<0.05. The result shows that: the age most of chidren suffering from ADHD are between 10-12 years old and percentage of the boys is more than girls and most of them living in poorer part of the city. There was statistical meaningful difference between two examined groups (with P<0.05) in some factors students. Birth weight, Birth order(first child), the fathers educational level, living environment atmosphere, punishment by parents, past history of long term separation of parents or family members, past history of parents high illness, past history of ADHD in family members, family member or parent involved with low, fathers occupation, changing job, fathers prolonged absence from home for occupation. Therefore it seems that above factors are predisposing factors in the disorder and the most important of them were family history of behavioural disorder and inimical familial environment.
Akram Bayati,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Winter 2000)
Abstract
Patients satisfaction is a concept that in medical cares is very important today. Certainly, medical cares provided for patients aren’t in high quality in general. Present survey is an analytical- descriptive study with the purpose of determining satisfaction degree of hospitalized patients from provided services. The sampling was made by calssifies random method with appropriate allocation, 2400 hospitalized patients from all subsidiary hospitals which had been chosen by simple random method were subjected for this study. Study tools were some questionnaires consisting 87 questions in the field of provided services in different hospitals units that were completed by interviewing with patients. The data analyzed by T. test statistical method, variance analysis, multiple average , X2 and central indications. The results indicate that there is a meaningful difference between satisfaction over age hospital in Amir Kabir hospital, Taleghani -H hospital, Ashtians hospital, Imam Sajjad hospital and Tafresh Valfajr hospital. In compare with satisfaction average several hospitals. Subsidiary to the Arak Medical sciences University there is a statistical difference (p=0.04) and the more satisfaction is attributed to the Arak Amir Kabir Hospital. Between satisfaction average of training and treatment units there was no meaningful difference. Between the number of hospitalization times and the number satisfaction average there was a reverse relationship. By comparing between patients satisfaction average from similar units of several hospitals statistical tests show a difference between nursing and obstetrical units in hospitals (p<0.05). Also by comparing between of similar units in hospitals , satisfaction average of newborn units (p<-0.04) and infants units P<0.05 was shown a meaningful difference. Consequently, patients satisfaction degree of hospitals was different that due to high capacity of nursing and midwifery cares, the major reason for this difference is difference in degree of expressing satisfaction with those units
Mozhgan Hashemieh , Gholamali Fatahi Bayat,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring 2001)
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important disease in the newborn period that can lead to many complications and even death. This study is a descriptive study which was done on neonataes who admitted in neonatal and NICU wards of Amir-Kabir and Taleghani Hospitals in Arak City from March 1999 to March 2000. The number of cases in this study were 500 and all of them were evaluated and sepsis work up were done. The frequency of neonatal sepsis in male neonates was more than female neonates and M/F ratio was 1.4. The ratio of neonatal sepsis in premature neonates to term neonates was 1.5. The ratio of sepsis neonatal in L.B.W neonates to normal neonates was 1.4. The most common clinical manifestation of neonatal sepsis in this study was poor feeding. 75% of patients had early-onset sepsis and 25% of patients had late-onset sepsis. In our study from 474 neonates, blood culture in 25 cases were positive. The most common microorganisms were non fermentative gram negative bacilli (32%) and Klebsiella (28%). 24 neonates had positive urine culture and the most common etiologic agent was Klebsiella. Leukocytosis and anemia were detected in 31.2% and 17.95% of our patients. The mortality rate in these neonates were 18.4%.
Gholam Ali Fatahi Bayat, Sousan Marefati,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (Summer 2001)
Abstract
Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a psychosocial problem for children and parents. The incidence of Ne is 20% in 5 years old children. Since no single etiology is found for disorder, various therapeutic modalities have been used. None of which could cure enuresis entirely. Two types of treatment are considered: Pharamacologic & nonpharmacologic. A prospective experimental study in the level of clinical trial in 98 children aged 5-15 years who have NE underwent for 1 month of therapy with imiperamine in 49 and desmopressin in 49 no. of patient treated with imiperamine 36 children have complete response (73%) (all dry bed), at the 3 months follow up 20 children have recurrence. Ammong patients treated with dessmopressin, 31 children have complete response (63%). Recueernce rate after 3 months is 17 cases. Our results didn’t indicate any statistical difference between imipramine & desmopressin in the treatment of N.E. Imipramine is more complicated than desmopressin so that desmppressin is preferred.
Akram Bayati, Parvin Abasi,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (Spring 2002)
Abstract
Introduction: This research is a study for evaluating the rate of satisfaction of physical and psychosocial needs of thirds girl students of secondary school of Arak by their parents.
Materials and Methods: In this research 556 girl adolescents were studied. Sample were selected by clustering method. Data were collected by questionnaire (contain 57 question) completed by studied units. After collect the data , results were analyzed by statistical methods.
Results: 69.1% samples were high satisfied, 29.3% medium and 1.6^ low satisfied in relation to physical needs by their parents and 69.6% were high satisfied, 28.2% medium and 2.2% low satisfied in relation to psychosocial needs by their parents. The rate of satisfaction for physical needs is statistically correlated to the variable such as age of the students (p<0.05), age of the mother (p=0.03), age of the father (p=0.0001), education levels of the parents (p=0.0001), job of the father (p=0.0001), job of the mother (P=0.0007), rank of birth (p=0.008) and total children of the family (p=0.0001). Results of the research shoed that rates of satisfactions for psychosocial needs of the samples have a meaningful correlation with variables such as age of the student (p=0.003), education levels of the mother (p=0.0001), job of the parents (p=0.0007) and total children of the family (p=0.0001).
Conclusion: Finally the result of this research indicates that families economic disorders affects cause an important role against in sufficiency of psychosocial needs in adolescents. Therefore it should be suggested to perform a more developed study about the above subject in order to obtain the most accurate conclusion.
Arash Bayat, Mohammad Farhadi, Hesamodin Emam Jomeh ,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (Spring 2003)
Abstract
Introduction: The existence of acoustic trauma secondary to drill noise during chronic ear surgeries has not yet been clearly demonestrated. This investigation aims to document the hearing loss that occures in patients who underwent mastoidectomy.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-three (38 male and 25 female) consecutive patients (11-57 years) who underwent modified radical mastoidectomy were included. In a concurrent clinical trial design, we measured bone conduction thresholds before and after (1 week and 1 month) operation on both sides.
Bone conduction thresholds were assessed in 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz frequencies.
Results: Paired-test results showed a satistically significant temporary (TTS) and permanent threshold shifts (PTS) were occured in the 2000-4000 Hz region for operated (on addition to 1000 Hz) and non-operated ears, but clinically PTSs were not remarkable and TTSs were important only for operated ear (P<0.05). The correlation between duration of noise exposure and magnitude of threshold shift was only significant in operated ear in 2000-4000 Hz region (P<0.05).
Conclusion: We could not demonestrate any permanent hearing loss caused by drill-generated noise, but resultant noise is able to produce TTS in the operated ear in 2000-4000 Hz region. We found poor relationship between duration of noise exposure and magnitude of threshold shifts.
Arash Bayat , Mohammad Maleki, Mehdi Akbari, Reza Salehi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (Spring 2004)
Abstract
Introduction: The phone's sound beams are known to be a valid test that reflects the activity of foreign hair cells, and are therefore very useful for assessing cochlear changes, such as those that occur after exposure to noise.
method: In one clinical trial, 74 volunteers aged 18-25 were examined by simple random sampling. The results of audiometric tests of the participants' pure sounds and tympanometry were within the norm on the day of the experiment. In this study, the phonetic tests of the phone were spontaneous, transient, and distorted from both ears of the subject, which was considered as a basic level of evaluation for us. Then a person's ear was selected and in the intensity of SPL 100 decibels and for 5 minutes in his ear was given a turn. After 2 minutes after the end of the presentation, the previous evaluations were repeated in both ears and the range of responses in both ears was compared.
Results: In 34 participants, submucosal nostrils led to a decrease in amplitude or SOAE responses. One of the interesting findings in this study was the emergence of new peaks in SOAE responses in the opposite ear after the presentation of the sound. The proposed noise created a significant statistical decrease in the range of TEOAE response both in the affected ear and in the opposite ear. Comparing the mean amplitude of DPOAE responses before and after exposure to shift-induced noise in the ear was significant in the Hertz range of 1699-6299, but this comparison was not significant in the opposite ear. The mean time of DPOAE incubation before and after exposure to shingles did not show a statistically significant difference in both the affected ear and the opposite ear.
Conclusion: The findings show that the phone's sound beams are a good tool for tracking hearing damage caused by noise. TEOAEs are also more sensitive to tracking than other tests, and can even be used as a very fast screening tool to assess susceptibility to hearing damage caused by noise before entering high-end industrial environments. And considered sound.
Arash Bayat, Gholamali Fatahi Bayat, Masoud Dehdashtian, Gelareh Kavyani, Masoud Asadi, Abolhosein Masoumi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: It is well recognized that hearing is critical to speech and language development, communication, and learning. Otoacoustic emission (OAE) is an efficient and sensitive method to identify subjects at risk for auditory impairment. Infants who require admission to neonatal intensive care unit are reported to be at 10-20 times greater risk for hearing impairment. The porpuse of this study was to investigate the incidence of hearing impairment in neonates screened by OAE.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 148 newborns having risk factors for hearing impairment reffering to Taleghani hospital of Arak and Aboozar hospital of Ahwaz were evaluated. All clients had normal otoscopic findings. Transient evoked (TEOAE) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in both ears. If the results of otoacoustic emissions were not normal, these tests were repeated one month later. Patients who did not pass the second stage were reffered for comprehensive auditory evaluations. Data analysis was performed using Kolmogrov-Smirnov and t-tests.
Results: 41 and 28 cases could not pass the examining test at the first TEOAE and DPOAE examination, respectively. Also, 23 and 16 cases did not pass the examining test at the second TEOAE and DPOAE evaluations, respectively. These participants underwent auditory brainstem response evaluation and 11 of them had abnormal responses. In 5 cases of confirmed ones, hearing impairment was due to aminoglycoside side effects.
Conclusion: OAE hearing screening of at-risk newborns is a clinically beneficial approach to early detection of hearing impairment. Regarding the high prevalence of hearing loss in our subjects (7.43%), prevention of its complications is highly recommended in this population.
Rahmat Alah Jadidi, Akram Bayati, Mohammad Reza Arab,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2008)
Abstract
Background: Medical equipment improvement and tremendous expenditure is allocated costs annually, so that optimum and proper maintenance management of equipment would have outstanding effects on health and treatment of medical training and research economies of the country. Present research was implemented aiming to examine effect of the medical equipment maintenance management systems on the hospital setting expenditures. Methods and Materials: In an interventional research, the model of medical equipment maintenance management system implemented in Imam Khomeini Hospital was examined precisely and based on appropriate software for Vali-e-Asr Hospital was designed. According to the model for all available medical instruments in Vali-e-Asr hospital with usage of more than 5 years (240 medical equipment) all costs were recorded in 2006 and compared with previous year (2005). Results: There wasn't any training for medical equipment operators and for its implementation necessity on 21.7% of equipment in the installation and start up phase with for 83.7% of equipments the operator was not fixed using of medical equipment maintenance management system, the repair events decreased from 78 events in 2005 to 58 events in 2006. Vali-e-Asr hospital recorded costs for maintenance and repair of medical equipment in 2006 was 801765375 Rials(Iran)which decreased to 513212912 Rials (Iran) according to accurate calculation of costs and auditing by medical equipment engineer and shows 36% saving in expenditures by medical equipment maintenance management system. Conclusion: Medical equipment computer–based maintenance, management system implementation and also using of medical engineers potentialities in hospital are necessary.
Akram Bayati, Abolfazl Mohammad Beigi, Babak Eshrati, Maryam Jafari,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Providing health not only is responsibility of governmental organizations but also is responsibility of Community Health Vounteers help to health staff in health centers and try to promote people's knowledge and practice about their health. This study is conducted to determine knowledge and practice of the volunteers before and immediately after education and evaluated long – term education effects. Methods and Materials: This interventional (semi- experimental) study was carried out on 78 health communicators Arak with census method. In Arak axis education were included check of vital signs and rescue method during disasters. Methods of education were lecture, smallgroup, problem solving, and practical training in Skin lab. Data were gathered with questionnaire and check list and were analyzed with Paired T-test and Pearson correletion coefficient. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There was a significant difference between mean of knowledge and practice scores before and immediately after training (p<0.001). But the relationship between scores immediately after training and one year later, was not significant. Conclusion: It seems updated knowledge and practice of health volunteers change health behavior, promote knowledge and practice and decrease health care expenses.
Abbas Saremi, Nader Shavandi, Neda Bayat,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (April-May 2012)
Abstract
Background: Physiological studies suggest that sleep deprivation may influence bodyweight through affecting appetite (decreasing leptin and increasing ghrelin). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic training on obesity indices, serum levels of ghrelin and leptin, and sleep quality in overweight and obese men.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 overweight and obese men with low sleep quality were randomly assigned to aerobic training (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. Aerobic training was performed (50-60 min/day, 3 day/week) for 12 weeks. Serum ghrelin and leptin and obesity and sleep quality indices were measured before and after the intervention. Changes in dependent variables resulting from the training intervention were assessed by dependant t-test using SPSS software.
Results: After aerobic training, weight (p<0.03), body mass index (p<0.04), visceral fat (p<0.04), total abdominal fat (p<0.03), and sleep quality (p<0.001) significantly improved. However, ghrelin and leptin serum levels did not change in response to aerobic training (p<0.05) during the same period.
Conclusion: Short-term aerobic training improved obesity indices and sleep quality in obese/overweight men, yet this improvement was not accompanied by changes in ghrelin and leptin serum levels.
Aakram Bayati, Mohsen Shamsi, Elham Mohammadi,
Volume 15, Issue 8 (January 2013)
Abstract
Background: Inmedical practice, learning the correct method of CPR and its practice and continuous training are of great importance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of mental practice on learning basic CPR operations in undergraduate anesthesiology students studying at Arak University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This educational trial was carried out on 46 anesthesiology students at Arak University of Medical Sciences that were divided into intervention (mental and practical training) and control (practice alone)groups. Then they were assessed through accuracy and speed checklist designed by two instructors blind to the presence of training. Data were analyzed by t-test and Chi-square using SPSS software. Results: The mean scores of speed in intervention and control groups were 2.50.26 and 3.160.33, respectively, which showed a significant difference (p=0.001). The mean scores of the accuracy of students’ performance in case and control groups were 4.330.7 and 3.40.62, respectively, which indicated asignificant difference between them (p=0.001). Theopinions of the students in the mental practice group (90%) suggested the positive effects of mental practice on their performance. Conclusion: This study showed that mental practice increases students’ performance. Hence, for achieving better results in clinical practice, the application of both physical and mental exercisesby the teachers is suggested.
Gholamali Fatahi Bayat, Fatemeh Dorre, Afsaneh Akhondzadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 8 (January 2013)
Abstract
Background: Gastric perforation is a rare occurrence in newborns with unknown etiology and risk factors. This study reports a case of acute gastric perforation in a preterm neonate and its risk factors. Case: The patient was a preterm neonate (26 weeks) with NG tube feeding with GI bleeding. The patient underwent abdominal surgery and gastric perforation in the anterior wall was reported. The risk factors for gastric perforation in this neonate were probably prematurity, low birth-weight, N-CPAP, and frequent insertion of NG tube. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that identification of risk factors and reducing or eliminating them are vital to the prevention of this complication.
Arash Bayat, Akram Poorbakht, Sanaz Soltanparast, Hasan Hadadzadeh, Golshan Mirmomeni,
Volume 15, Issue 9 (February 2013)
Abstract
Background: Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are faint sounds generated within the inner ear that can be regarded as a sensitive tool for reflecting inner ear status. There are various factors that may influence OAE recording. One such factor that has not been extensively examined to date is body position. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of body position on the OAE responses of adults with normal hearing. Materials and Methods: In an analytic cross-sectional study, 26 normal hearing adults (18-25 years old) were evaluated. Transient OAEs (TEOAEs) were recorded in five different positions: supine, sitting, side-lying, 30°-Up, and 30°-down to evaluate their inner ear function. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 17. Results: Mean TEOAE amplitude values were significantly higher in the side-lying position compared to other positions (P=0.01). The most significant TEOAE amplitude differences were observed at the high frequencies (3000 Hz and 4000 Hz) in side-lying position orientation compared to low and medium frequencies. Conclusion: The results from the present study revealed that body position has a remarkable effect on inner ear function, and this effect is more obvious at high frequencies.
Akram Bayati, Fatemeh Ghanbari, Mohsen Shamsi,
Volume 15, Issue 10 (March 2013)
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of the presence of volunteer health care communicators and the reduction in their cooperation with health centers or their breaking off their communication in recent years, this study was done to explore the educational needs of health care communicators and their instructors. Materials and Methods: In a qualitative study, data were obtained through focus group discussions (FGDs) and individual depth interviews (IDIs) for need assessment from three groups of active volunteer health care workers, inactive volunteer health care workers and health instructors. In total, 14 FGD and 5 DII were held to cover the aims of research chosen by aimed sampling. The analysis was carried out by qualitative content analysis. Results: Three major themes emerged from data analysis, including the concepts of soft and hard tools (time, space, educational tools, and educational content), educator (teaching methods, awareness, and skills), and learner (application, literacy, experience learning level, and motivation). Conclusion: Many of the educational needs of the health care communicators and their educators had not been met which, in many cases, had led to the discontinuation of their cooperation with health centers. Hence, presenting the obtained feedback to officials for meeting their needs can be an effective measure in improving the activities of the communicators and their continuous presence in the health care system.
Mohamad Javad Tahmasebi Birgani, Fatemeh Seif, Mohamad Reza Bayatiani, Mansour Zabihzadeh, Seyed Mohamad Hosseyni,
Volume 16, Issue 8 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background: In this research dosimetric parameters of mercury was investigated as a radiotherapy modulator and compared with cerrobend as a common beam attenuator material in most radiotherapy centers. Also several designs for mercury shielding system were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental research transmission factor of different thicknesses of cerrobend and mercury at 6MV and 18MV photon beams was measured in order to investigate mercury as a beam modulator. Relative dosimetry was done with ionization chambers and then mercury modulating system for radiotherapy was designed with different cross sections.
Results: The result show that the transmission values increased with field size increment due to increased scatter contribution, for all cerrobend and mercury thicknesses at two energies. The procedure of mercury transmission factor is in agreement with cerrobend transmission factor. The second designed system with hexagonal cross section is in good agreement with patient contour.
Conclusion: The experimental investigation on mercury dosimetric parameters showed that mercury can be proposed as a modifier in radiotherapy because of its profit properties such as being liquid in room temperature, power of attenuation and …. So mercury can be proposed as a beam modifier (at closed system because of its poison vapor) in radiotherapy. Keywords: beam modifiers, Cerrobend, dosimetry, Mercury
