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Background: Noise-induced hearing loss is a noticeable clinical issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N-Acetylcysteine on the reduction of permanent noise-induced hearing loss in workers at Hepco Company. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, in a one-month period from October to November, 118 male 22-52 year-old workers with at least 5 years of experience working in places with permanent high tone noise (more than 850db) were selected and divided to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received Fluimucil (NAC) and the control group received vitamin B1. Hearing ability of the two groups was evaluated through audiometry after the one-month period. Results: In the control group, hearing loss was significant and it was in direct relationship with age and job experiment. The placebo (vitamin B1) did not have any significant effects on preventing hearing loss. In the experimental group, there was significant hearing loss in higher frequencies and at 6000, a relative improvement was observed, whereas with increases in age and job experience hearing loss became more significant which was rather low in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: The findings of this study shows that using N-Acetylcysteine has significant effects on NIHL (high tone loss) in higher frequencies. This study can be used as the basis for launching future studies on reducing the damages induced by noise

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Background: Fungal spores are present in large amounts in the nature which may cause diseases in the susceptible individuals. Fungal rhinosinusitis has been increased during recent decades. This study aims to investigate fungal rhinosinusitis in the patients with chronic needing endoscopic sinus surgery aims and to determine the sensitivity of the isolates to rhin sinusitis antifungal agents.

Materials and Methods: In cross sectional study, specimens were obtained in sterile plates containing normal saline. from the suspected cases of chronic rhinosinusitis who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery. Microscopic experiments and Cultures were done in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the growth of fungi for seven antifungal agents against the isolates was determined using E-Test.

Results: In total, specimens from 102 immunocompetent patients were examined. Nine positive specimens were presented, consisting of 3 for Aspergillus fumigatus, 3 for Penicillium, 2 for Aspergillus flavus and 1 for Alternaria. The mean age of the patients was 38 years, with 59 males and 43 females. The isolates were most sensitive to the voriconazole and amphotericin B.

Conclusion: Since the prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis is low, unfortunately, the clinicians are not attentive enough to the condition, and they initiate antifungal therapy if the patients are not responsive to antibiotics. Early diagnosis and suitable treatment can help more efficient management of patients.