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Farzaneh Rooshenas, Mahboobeh Ashrafi, Saeed Nazifi, Mahmoud Aminlari, Sara Talebanzadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (10-2018)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Medicinal plants possessing antioxidant activity may reduce oxidative stress and improve the functions of various organs that affected by hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) administration to diabetic rats by measuring the oxidative stress parameters and important biochemical enzymes in liver tissue.
Materials and Methods: 72 hours after STZ administration (60 mg/kg body weight), the animals with fasting blood glucose over of 250 mg/dl were considered to be diabetic rats and experimental groups were: control (1), control drug (2), diabetes (3) and diabetes drug (4). The treatment was started on the 7th day after STZ injection with i.p injection of SAE (200mg/kg body weight), five doses and weekly to groups 2 and 4. At the end of the experimental period, biochemical factors were measured after bleeding and harvesting of tissues.
Findings: Results indicated the perturbation in the activity of important liver enzymes in diabetic group (3) and SAE adjusted and normalized their levels activity. In addition, SAE with increases in the activity of antioxidant enzymes alleviated diabetes induced oxidative stress and thus reduced MDA levels in group 4 compared to group 3.
Conclusion: SAE is not only useful in the controlling of blood glucose, but also has antioxidant potential to protect the liver tissue of diabetic rats against damage caused by hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.

Nooshin Dalili, Fatemeh Pour-Rezagholi, Maryam Mousavi, Morvarid Alinezhad, Sadra Ashrafi,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (December & January 2022)
Abstract

Introduction: Years after the first successful kidney transplant, there are still many questions about the best immunosuppression regimen for these patients. Various studies have shown that long-term use of calcineurin inhibitor drugs can be associated with chronic nephrotoxicity and lead to irreversible damage to the transplanted organ. Therefore, the goal is to use immunosuppressive drugs and reduce the dose of calcineurin inhibitors as much as possible without increasing the risk of transplant rejection. This study aims to compare renal function, the rate of viral infections, and the occurrence of rejection after kidney transplantation in patients on two different treatment regimens including everolimus plus a low dose of calcineurin inhibitor against the standard protocol of calcineurin inhibitor along with mycophenolic acid in 60 kidney transplanted patients.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted at Labbafinejad Hospital in Tehran between 2018-2019 on 60 kidney transplant patients aged 18 to 65 years and for 12 months.
Results: In terms of kidney function status based on GFR, except for the first month (P=0.02), there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the time periods (P>0.05). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two study groups in terms of hospitalization length after transplantation and re-hospitalization during the study (P>0.05). 
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the everolimus regimen and low dose of calcineurin inhibitor can be used de novo in transplant patients without increasing the risk of rejection in them and at the same time it may be able to reduce the incidence of viral infections after transplantation.
 
Davoud Shamsi, Dr Mohsen Mohammadian, Dr Khalil Ali Mohamadzadeh, Dr Azadeh Ashrafi,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract

Good governance, as one of the fundamental concepts in managing health systems, plays a critical role in improving efficiency, effectiveness, and equity in delivering healthcare services. Emphasizing principles such as transparency, accountability, participation, and rule of law, good governance has been regarded as a framework for enhancing policymaking and management within health systems.
Objective: This study aimed to design and propose a model of good governance in the health system using a combined approach of thematic analysis and the partial least squares (PLS) method.
Methodology: The research employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative phase, the research population consisted of managers, experts in health and medical sciences, senior officials from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and academic scholars. Seventeen participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods until theoretical saturation was achieved. In the quantitative phase, the PLS method was utilized to fit the proposed model. The statistical population included all health and medical professionals in Iran. Based on Cochran’s formula, the minimum sample size was calculated to be 384 participants.
Findings: The results of thematic analysis in the qualitative phase, followed by model fitting in the quantitative phase, revealed that the final model of good governance in the health system consists of seven main dimensions: effectiveness, efficiency, equity, transparency and accountability, participation, rule of law, and leadership. Each dimension was further divided into specific components, confirming their significance in strengthening good governance.
Conclusion: This study presents a comprehensive model of good governance for the health system, offering a framework to enhance policymaking, management, and performance in this field. The proposed model can serve as a tool for strategic decision-making and improving managerial structures.
 



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