Leyla Amjad, Ahmad Amjad, Fathalah Fallahian, Sara Saadatmand,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (6-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Pollen grains are male gametophytes of flowering plants that with self interference in fertilization have an important role in plant fertilization, increasing fertilization and improving quality of products. Pollen grains are of important allergenic plants and 80-90% of allergens have plant origin. Achillea plant has medical usage and grows in different regions of the country. This research is done in order to acquire scientific information pertaining to pollen grains allergenicity in their development stages and comparing mature and immature pollen grains allergenicity. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study Achillea plant pollen grains in different developmental stages were collected around Isfahan city and samples were studied using light and electronic microscopy (SEM). Pollen extracts were prepared by incubating pollen grains in phosphate buffered saline, PH: 7.4. The allergenicity experiment was done on male Guinea pigs (Hartley strain, 350-500g weight, 4-6 week-old, Pausteur institute of Iran) and electrophoresis of proteins was done on 12% SDS- polyacrylamide gel. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan test. Results: Images of light and electronic microscopy showed pollens from ellipse-spherical type, with two colpate and echinate exine. The skin tests in Guinea pigs treated with pollen extracts indicated wheal with diameter larger than control group. In clinical tests, the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and IgE were increased in animals treated with pollen extract comparing control group. In SDS- PAGE protein profiles, 6 richly colored protein bands were seen in mature pollens in 14.4 to 66 KD and 5 slightly colored protein bands in immature pollens in 14.4 to 45 KD. Conclusion: This research shows changes of immature pollens` ellipse morphology to spherical form in mature pollens, partial increasing in accumulation and height of exine surface echins, changes in quality and quantity of immature and mature pollen grains and difference in their allergenic severity.
Majid Motamedzade , Ali Dormohammadi, Hosein Amjad Sardrodi , Esmaeil Zarei , Reza Dormohammadi, Masoud Shafii Motlagh,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: Load lifting is the most stressful activity of the Manual Material Handling and can trigger of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of workers. Purposes of this study are determining the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, assessment lifting tasks by NIOSH lifting equation method, ergonomic design and assessment of its effectiveness.
Materials and Methods: This analytical and interventional study was performed on 30 workers in a Porcelain Health Manufacturing industry in Hamadan. Assessment of lifting tasks by NIOSH lifting equation and determining the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders by Nordic questionnaire was conducted. Then, construction steps and determination of the effectiveness of ergonomic design was conducted.
Results: The results showed that the most frequent musculoskeletal disorders related to back. Results of the lifting index (LI) showed that the risk of lifting load in before intervention is high (greater than 3). This value after the conducting of ergonomic intervention (load-carrying cart) decreased to moderate level (between 1 to 3). The relationship of risk average amount before and after interventions were significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Load-carrying cart designed with shelves capable of moving vertically up and down has considerable role in safe making of lifting tasks and probability of reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and lumbar injuries will bring in the near future.
